Inference of the boundary layer structure over the oceans from satellite infrared measurements

The characteristics of the boundary layer of the atmosphere over the global oceans between about 50 deg N to 40 deg S were remotely sensed for three different periods, about 3 months each, during the year 1970. The spectral measurements made by Nimbus 4 Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer were used for this purpose

The effect of substituted benzene dicarboxylic acid linkers on the optical band gap energy and magnetic coupling in manganese trimer metal organic frameworks

We have systematically studied a series of eight metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in which the secondary building unit is a manganese trimer cluster, and the linkers are differently substituted benzene dicarboxylic acids (BDC). The optical band gap energy of the compounds vary from 2.62 eV to 3.57 eV, and theoretical studies find that different functional groups result in new states in the conduction band, which lie in the gap and lower the optical band gap energy. The optical absorption between the filled Mn 3d states and the ligands is weak due to minimal overlap of the states, and the measured optical band gap energy is due to transitions on the BDC linker. The Mn atoms in the MOFs have local moments of 5 mu B, and selected MOFs are found to be antiferromagnetic, with weak coupling between the cluster units, and paramagnetic above 10 K

Study of one-dimensional nature of (Sr,Ba)_2Cu(PO_4)_2 and BaCuP_2O_7 via 31P NMR

The magnetic behavior of the low-dimensional phosphates (Sr,Ba)_2 Cu(PO_4)_2 and BaCuP_2O_7 was investigated by means of magnetic susceptibility and ^{31}P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. We present here the NMR shift K(T), the spin-lattice 1/T_1 and spin-spin 1/T_2 relaxation-rate data over a wide temperature range 0.02 K < T < 300 K. The T-dependence of the NMR K(T) is well described by the S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain model with an intrachain exchange of J/k_B = 165 K, 151 K, and 108 K in Sr_2Cu(PO_4)_2, Ba_2Cu(PO_4)_2, and BaCuP_2O_7, respectively. Our measurements suggest the presence of magnetic ordering at 0.8 K in BaCuP_2O_7 (J/k_B = 108 K). For all the samples, we find that 1/T_1 is nearly T-independent at low-temperatures (1 K < T < 10 K), which is theoretically expected for 1D chains when relaxation is dominated by fluctuations of the staggered susceptibility. At high temperatures, 1/T_1 varies nearly linearly with temperature

Reclamation of Model Wastewater Containing Rhodamine B by Electrochemical Fenton (ECF) process

624-628Treatment of the Synthetic Rhodamine B (RhB) wastewater by Electrochemical Fenton (ECF) processes for colour removal in batch mode using commercially available iron plates as electrodes was studied. Colour removal efficiency was determined for the ECF process by considering the effects of different variables such as pH, current density, RhB concentration and temperature. Improvement in colour removal efficiency was obtained when H2O2 was added as an oxidizing agent. The colour removal efficiency reached 94.89 % at the optimum experimental conditions (pH 3.0, 100 A/m2, 50 mg/l RhB concentration, 5 minutes, 30oC and dosage of 0.2 M H2O2). Electrical energy consumption was calculated as 2.09 KWh/m3. The ECF process was found capable to achieve the higher colour removal efficiencies with potential for wastewater treatment

Third generation sfermions decays into Z and W gauge bosons: full one-loop analysis

The complete one-loop radiative corrections to third generation scalar fermions into gauge bosons Z and W^\pm is considered. We focus on \wt{f}_2 \to Z \wt{f}_1 and \wt{f}_i \to W^\pm \wt{f'}_j (f,f'=t,b). We include both SUSY-QCD, QED and full electroweak corrections. It is found that the electroweak corrections can be of the same order as the SUSY-QCD corrections. The two sets of corrections interfere destructively in some region of parameter space. The full one loop correction can reach 10% in some SUGRA scenario, while in model independent analysis like general MSSM, the one loop correction can reach 20% for large \tan\beta and large trilinear soft breaking terms A_b.Comment: Latex file, 18 pages, 8 figures, version to appear in PR

Long Term Factors of Internet Diffusion in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Panel Co- Integration Analysis

Identifying factors that influence the diffusion of the Internet is paramount for researchers as well as policy makers in articulating strategies to improve the availability and subsequent use of the Internet. Most existing empirical studies have focused on this problem by analyzing diffusion data for countries for one fixed year and identified variables affecting the Internet diffusion. These variables, generally, come from the economic, technological, policy, culture, and human capital realms. These results have provided a good “snapshot” of what factors are important towards the diffusion of the Internet and the results tend to vary for studies conducted in different time frames. This paper also addresses, the phenomenon of cross-country dependence – the economic, political, and technological environment of one country affecting other countries- into account in their analyses. This paper, for the first time in the literature, empirically identifies long-term determinants of the Internet diffusion in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries by considering data for the period 1997-2013. It employs a recently-developed technique named “panel co-integration analysis” to model the diffusion of the internet among the SSA countries. The analysis reveals that in SSA countries, the number of telephones, the level of per capita real gross product and the extent of ruralization (conversely, the degree of urbanization) are the key long-term drivers of the diffusion of the Internet. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of policy implications

Efficacy of Certain Essential Oils and Insect Repellents Against Land Leeches

Relative efficacy of six essential oils, viz., Cinnamon, Citronella, Eucalyptus, Orange, Pine, Spearmint and four insect repellents i.e, Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Expel and Mylol was investigated against landleeches,Haemadipsa zeylanica montivindicis Moore, under laboratory conditions. Cinnamon oil was found to be the best among the essential oils and out of repellents, Mylol and DMP were effective equally