The Influence of Meteorological Parameters and Other Factors on Soil Radon Dynamics

The paper presents the results of the research in the degree of the effect of space weather meteorological parameters and factors on the dynamics of soil radon levels and [alpha]- and [beta]-radiation flux densities in a seismically passive region. The cross-correlation analysis showed a significant correlation of [beta]-radiation flux density with temperature in summer, and no correlation in winter. A significant relation between [alpha]- and [beta]-radiation flux densities and pressure within the intra-annual range was not observed. The investigation of the high-intensity precipitation effect on radon volumetric activity and [alpha]- and [beta]-radiation flux densities showed their abnormal increase. The dependence of the anomaly duration on the depth was revealed. The abnormal jumps in [alpha]- and [beta]-radiation flux densities data series occur in the snow-melting periods as well. Low-intensity precipitations significantly violate the standard "diurnal variations" of [alpha]- and [beta]-radiation soil fluxes and radon volumetric activity. Fourier analysis showed the diurnal (24 hours) and semidiurnal (12 hours) harmonics for the observed radiation values at a depth of 0.5 m. The obtained results can be used for interpretation of the data on the soil radon monitoring in order to predict earthquakes, etc

Exposure of Nuclear Track Emulsion to a Mixed Beam of Relativistic 12^{12}N, 10^{10}C, and 7^7Be Nuclei

A nuclear track emulsion was exposed to a mixed beam of relativistic $^{12}$N, $^{10}$C, and $^7$Be nuclei having a momentum of 2 GeV/$c$ per nucleon. The beam was formed upon charge exchange processes involving $^{12}$C primary nuclei and their fragmentation. An analysis indicates that $^{10}$C nuclei are dominant in the beam and that $^{12}$N nuclei are present in it. The charge topology of relativistic fragments in the coherent dissociation of these nuclei is presented.Comment: ISSN 1063-7788, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 201

First results on the interactions of relativistic 9^9C nuclei in nuclear track emulsion

\indent First results of the exposure of nuclear track emulsions in a secondary beam enriched by $^9$C nuclei at energy of 1.2 A GeV are described. The presented statistics corresponds to the most peripheral $^9$C interactions. For the first time a dissociation $^9$C $\to3^3$He not accompanied by target fragments and mesons is identified.\parComment: 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, Presented at Advanced Studies Institute (ASI), SPIN-Praha-2008, Prague, July 20 - July 26, 2008. To be published in in The European Physical Journal Special Topics (EJP ST) Serie

Сравнительная оценка основных характеристик натриевых и светодиодных тепличных облучателей

The authors showed that traditional sodium greenhouse irradiators are being replaced by more efficient LED ones. (Research purpose) To conduct a comparative assessment of the main characteristics of sodium and LED greenhouse irradiators with an equal photosynthetic photon flux. (Materials and methods) The authors collected a database of 79 sodium irradiators (34 irradiators with electronic ballasts and 45 – with electromagnetic) and 118 – LED. A comparative assessment was carried out in two stages. At the first stage mathematical models of the power, mass, area and cost of irradiation facilities dependence on the photosynthetic photon flux generated by them were obtained. At the second stage the system of equations of sodium and LED greenhouse irradiators for each characteristic were solved. (Results and discussion) The consumed active power of LED irradiators is on average 33 percent less compared to sodium. The area of LED illuminators is 2.5 times larger than sodium irradiators with electronic ballast and 44 percent more than sodium irradiators with electromagnetic ballast. The LED irradiators mass is 3.5 times more than sodium with electronic ballast and 20 percent more than sodium with electromagnetic ballast. The cost of LED illuminators is 3.5 and 4.3 times higher. (Conclusions) LED irradiators are more energy efficient compared to sodium ones. However, due to the high cost, their implementation requires a feasibility study, including additional evaluation criteria: service life, operating costs, electricity price and others.Показали, что на смену традиционным натриевым тепличным облучателям приходят более эффективные светодиодные. (Цель исследования) Провести сравнительную оценку основных характеристик натриевых и светодиодных тепличных облучателей при равном фотосинтетическом фотонном потоке. (Материалы и методы) Собрали базу данных о 79 натриевых облучателях (34 облучателя с электронной пускорегулирующей аппаратурой и 45 – с электромагнитной) и 118 – светодиодных. Сравнительную оценку провели в два этапа. На первом этапе получили математические модели зависимости мощности, массы, площади и стоимости облучательных установок от генерируемого ими фотосинтетического фотонного потока. На втором этапе решили системы уравнений натриевых и светодиодных тепличных облучателей по каждой характеристике. (Результаты и обсуждение) Потребляемая активная мощность светодиодных облучателей по сравнению с натриевыми в среднем на 33 процента меньше. Площадь светодиодных облучателей в 2,5 раза больше, чем натриевых с электронным балластом, и на 44 процента больше, чем натриевых облучателей с электромагнитным балластом. Масса светодиодных облучателей в 3,5 раза больше, чем натриевых с электронным балластом, и на 20 процентов больше, чем натриевых с электромагнитным балластом. Стоимость светодиодных облучателей дороже, соответственно в 3,5 и 4,3 раза. (Выводы) Светодиодные облучатели более энергоэффективны по сравнению с натриевыми. Однако из-за высокой стоимости их внедрение требует технико-экономического обоснования, включающего дополнительные критерии оценки: срок службы, эксплуатационные затраты, цена электроэнергии и другие

Tumor suppressor function of the SEMA3B gene in human lung and renal cancers

The SEMA3B gene is located in the 3p21.3 LUCA region, which is frequently affected in different types of cancer. The objective of our study was to expand our knowledge of the SEMA3B gene as a tumor suppressor and the mechanisms of its inactivation. In this study, several experimental approaches were used: tumor growth analyses and apoptosis assays in vitro and in SCID mice, expression and methylation assays and other. With the use of the small cell lung cancer cell line U2020 we confirmed the function of SEMA3B as a tumor suppressor, and showed that the suppression can be realized through the induction of apoptosis and, possibly, associated with the inhibition of angiogenesis. In addition, for the first time, high methylation frequencies have been observed in both intronic (32-39%) and promoter (44-52%) CpG-islands in 38 non-small cell lung carcinomas, including 16 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 22 adenocarcinomas (ADC), and in 83 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). Correlations between the methylation frequencies of the promoter and the intronic CpG-islands of SEMA3B with tumor stage and grade have been revealed for SCC, ADC and ccRCC. The association between the decrease of the SEMA3B mRNA level and hypermethylation of the promoter and the intronic CpG-islands has been estimated in renal primary tumors (P < 0.01). Using qPCR, we observed on the average 10- and 14-fold decrease of the SEMA3B mRNA level in SCC and ADC, respectively, and a 4-fold decrease in ccRCC. The frequency of this effect was high in both lung (92-95%) and renal (84%) tumor samples. Moreover, we showed a clear difference (P < 0.05) of the SEMA3B relative mRNA levels in ADC with and without lymph node metastases. We conclude that aberrant expression and methylation of SEMA3B could be suggested as markers of lung and renal cancer progression

Эффективность микропроцессорной системы автоматического управления работой светодиодных облучательных установок

oai:oai.vimjour.elpub.ru:article/249Crop productivity is significantly affected by the dose of optical radiation. In particular, southern crops do not have enough time to ripen in a temperate climate because of decreased daylight duration. In conditions of protected soil due to low irradiance and a short daylight duration in autumn­-winter months, the cultivation of fully developed plants is possible only with the use of artificial radiation sources. The use of LED phytoinstallations with the help of microprocessor­based automatic control systems allows obtaining the required dose of optical radiation. (Purpose of research) To substantiate, as exemplified by meristematic grape plants, the effectiveness of LED phytoinstallations and their impact on the increase in the leaf surface area; to develop multi­colored LED phytoinstallations; to offer new technical solutions to improve the efficiency of the microprocessor system of automatic control of LED phytoinstallations. (Materials and methods) the authors have carried out experiments with meristematic grape plants of RF­48 variety (in vitro) at the stages of their rooting and adaptation. The following equipment has been used: LED phytoirradiator with a changing spectrum using a microprocessor control system, “blinking” led phytoirradiator, multi­colored phytoiradiator with the addition of UV LEDs. The authors have developed on the basis of microcontroller Arduino uno a microprocessor dispensing system of the spectral components of the areas of the photosynthetically active radiation to automatically control the operation of LED­based phytoinstallations. (Results and discussion) it has been shown that a LED irradiator with a changing spectral composition, as compared to a luminescent irradiator, at the stage of rooting of grape microsprouts contributes to a significant increase in the leaf surface area of microplants at 100 percent rooting of sprouts. The blinking phytoirradiator and the UV­LED phytoirradiator, as compared to the fluorescent ones, contributed to an insignificant increase in leaf area of plants at the adaptation stage of grape microplants. (Conclusions) The authors have confirmed the need to further improve the efficiency of the microprocessor­based automatic control system of LED irradiation installations.На продуктивность сельскохозяйственных культур существенно влияет доза оптического излучения. Так, южные культуры не успевают вызревать в условиях умеренного климата по причине уменьшения светового дня. Для защищенного грунта из-­за низкой облученности и короткой продолжительности светового дня в осенне-­зимние месяцы выращивание полноценных растений возможно только с применением источников искусственного излучения. Применение светодиодных (LED) фитоустановок позволяет смоделировать спектр любой географической зоны и с помощью микропроцессорных систем автоматического управления установить требуемую дозу оптического излучения. (Цель исследования) Обосновать на примере меристемных растений винограда эффективность применения светодиодной фитоустановки и ее влияние на прирост площади листовой поверхности; разработать разноцветные светодиодные фитоустановки; предложить новые технические решения для повышения эффективности микропроцессорной системы автоматического управления работой LED­-фитоустановок. (Материалы и методы) Провели эксперименты на меристемных растениях винограда сорта РФ-­48 (in vitro) на этапах их укоренения и адаптации. Для получения результатов использовали оборудование: светодиодный фитооблучатель с меняющимся спектром с помощью микропроцессорной системы управления, «мигающий» светодиодный фитооблучатель, разноцветный фитооблучатель с добавлением УФ-­светодиодов. Создали на базе микроконтроллера Arduino uno микропроцессорную систему дозирования спектральных составляющих зоны ФАР для автоматического управления работой LED-­фитоустановки. (Результаты и обсуждение) Показали, что светодиодный облучатель с меняющимся спектральным составом, в сравнении с люминесцентным облучателем, на этапе укоренения микропобегов винограда способствует существенному увеличению площади листовой поверхности микрорастений при 100­процентном укоренении побегов. Мигающий фитооблучатель и фитооблучатель с УФ­светодиодами, в сравнении с люминесцентным, на этапе адаптации микрорастений винограда способствовали увеличению площади листовой поверхности растений, но несущественно. (Выводы) Подтверждена необходимость дальнейшего повышения эффективности микропроцессорной системы автоматического управления работой светодиодных облучательных установок