CHEMOTHERAPY IN THE STRESS OF A DIFFERENT NATURE FOR A MODEL OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Using two lines of wild-type Aramil and Bios 5 as two working models for the study of apoptosis caused by methotrexate and interlinear hybridization using a mutant line vistigion. Chemotherapy was carried out with the help of folic acid – methotrexate’s antagonist

Immunogenetic characteristics of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors recruited in the Sverdlovsk, Saratov, Yaroslavl and Vladimir regions

Aim of the study was to investigate the distribution features of HLA alleles and multilocus haplotypes in potential donors of hematopoietic stem cells recruting in the Sverdlovsk, Saratov, Yaroslavl and Vladimir regions. Material and methods. Sequence Based Typing technology was used to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 alleles from 2683 Russian unrelated bone marrow volunteers living in the Sverdlovsk (n = 1018), Saratov (n = 825), Yaroslavl (n = 604) and Vladimir (n = 236) regions. HLA allele and haplotype frequencies were estimated via maximum-likelihood analysis from genotypic data through an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for unknown gametic phase. Results and discussion. In all studied populations, 16 HLA-A, 13 HLA-C, 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles were selected. In the locus HLA-B, 28 alleles were detected in the populations of the Sverdlovsk and Yaroslavl regions, 27alleles – in the Saratov region, 25 alleles – in the Vladimir. Seventeen alleles, HLA-A*02, HLA-A*03, HLA-A*01, HLA-A*24, HLA-B*07, HLA-B*35, HLA-С*07, HLA-С*06, HLA-С*04, HLA-С*03, HLA-С*12, HLA-DRB1*15, HLA-DRB1*07, HLA-DRB1*01, HLA-DRB1*13, HLA-DRB1*04, HLA-DRB1*11 exhibit frequencies over 10 %. The highest frequency extended haplotype in the all studied populations HLA-A*01-B*08-C*07-DRB1*03, was observed frequencies of 4,4 % – in the Sverdlovsk region, 3,2 % – in the Saratov region, 4,9 % – in the Yaroslavl region and 4,2 % – in the Vladimir region. Routine HLA typing allowed us to define four new HLA alleles in the populations of the Sverdlovsk and Saratov region

Spontaneous and induced secretion of the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot syndrome

AIMS: Investigation of spontaneous and induced secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the anti-inflammatory chemokine C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 18 (CCL18) by monocytes isolated from blood of patients with long-term type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), both with or without foot ulcers and the effect of the course use of the combined metabolic drug Kokarnit as part of complex therapy on the dynamics of the severity of symptoms of DSPN and the cytokine phenotype in patients with long-term non-healing ulcers of the lower extremities MATERIALS AND METHODS: 121 patients with T2DM, 79 without diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) and 42 patients with DFS were included. CD14+ monocytes were isolated from patients’ blood and stimulated by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukine-4 (IL-4) for induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory monocyte activation, respectively. The concentrations of TNF-α and CCL18 in the culture medium were measured using ELISA on day 1 and day 6 after cell stimulation in all patients before taking the combined metabolic drug Kokarnit. Then they were randomly allocated either to the control group (57 people), to whom Kokarnit was added to standard treatment, or to the comparison group. After a 9-day course of application of Kokarnit, the dynamics of indicators was evaluated on a TSS scale. Assessment of cytokine status was carried out in 18 people with long-term non-healing ulcerative defects of the lower extremities, on the first and ninth day of treatment. RESULTS: A correlation was found between HbA1c and levels of stimulated secretion of TNFα (r=0.726, p=0.027), CCL18 (r=-0.949, p=0.051) in patients with DSPN. In all patients with different duration of VDS, an increase in secretion of TNF-α and CCL18 was observed (p<0.05). However, stimulation of anti-inflammatory activation was not observed in patients with ulcerative defects lasting more than 6 months (p=0.033). The use of cocarnit in these patients had a decrease in stimulated secretion of TNFα and an increase in CCL18. Throughout the entire observation period with the therapy, the score for the symptoms of polyneuropathy on the TSS scale in patients of the control group was statistically significantly higher. CONCLUSION: Against the background of therapy in patients of the main group, a statistically significant dynamics of indicators on the TSS scale was established. The cytokine modulating ability of Kokarnit to switch the cytokine status into the category of anti-inflammatory

KEY FACTORS OF THE FORESIGHT METHOD INTEGRATION IN THE SYSTEM OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT

Foresight is actively used worldwide within the framework of the national research and development policy. At that transformation of foresight into a regularly used tool of long-term forecasting depends on a number of institutional, organizational and political factors. The author attempts to identify such factors based on analysis of the foresight practice in the UK, Brazil and Russia

Loss of Exotic Flavor and the Emergence of New Metaphorical Meanings of Anglo-American Loanwords in the Sphere of Management under the Influence of the Lexical Environment of the Recipient Language

The aim of the study is to reveal the regularities of Anglo-American metaphorical borrowings in Russian, and specifically in the sublanguage of management/В статье рассматривается выявление закономерностей появления и освоения англо-американских метафорических заимствований в русском языке, а именно в подъязыке управления

NEW OPPORTUNITIES OF MONITORING PATIENTS WITH MYOPIA

Purpose: to study the changes of axial length and distension of the posterior pole retina of the eye in patients with myopia, using two optical methods: contactless biometrics and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Material and methods. We conducted a combined clinical and instrumental examination of 83 patients (166 eyes) with low and moderate myopia aged 10-19 (ave. 13.8 ± 2.5 years). The examination included the measurement of axial length, using a Lenstar contactless laser biometer Lenstar, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness using optical coherent tomography (OCT Stratus). 32 patients (64 eyes) with emmetropia aged 7 to 18 (ave. 11.7 ± 2.6 years) served as control. Results. The analysis of contactless biometrics and OCT results collected for 1 year helped specify four clinical groups: Myopia progression, Latent myopia progression, Myopic refractogenesis, and Stable myopia. It was also found that RNFL thickness in different retinal sectors is decreasing unevenly in latent myopia progression. To facilitate the evaluation of myopia progression, a structural indicator of progression was proposed. Conclusion. Progressing myopia monitoring by two modern optical methods: biometrics (for AL) and OCT (for RNFL thickness) enables the detection of changes in the fibrous eye capsule and identification of individual features of myopic progression. For citation: Strakhov V.V., Makhova M.V., Klimova O.N. New opportunities of monitoring patients with myopia. Russian ophthalmological journal. 2018; 11 (3): 30-5 (In Russian). doi: 10.21516/2072-0076-2018-11-3-30-3

Chinese Prayer Chant to the Goddess of Fertility

The article examines the prayer chant to the Goddess of Fertility performed by a blind singer and accompanied by the stringed instrument banghu and foot castanets in the temple of the Spirit of the Tanshan Dong Yue mountain, in Puxian county Shangxi province of the Republic of China. The video of the chant was recorded in April 2011, during the days before the Temple festival in honor of Dong Yue, a tradition that has been revived in the modern China. We publish the text of the chant not only in the Russian translation but also in Chinese. There are three graphic variants of the Chinese text presented — in Chinese characters, in standardized Pinyin, and in transcribed Pinyin that gives an idea of the actual pronunciation and allows the reader to trace dialectical specificity of the song. The article includes the music of both the chant and the instrumental accompaniment together with their ethno-musicological characteristics. The musical structure of the instrument and the modal specificity attribute this piece to the musical style of Northern China. The Authors analyze the verse and the strafica of the chant. They argue that its metrical structure consists of couplets (except for the last three line stanza), with instrumental wagering played in between that is characteristic of the ancient Chinese lyrics. The analysis of the text’s contents and imagery reveals that it reflects popular notions of Songzi nannan, the Goddess of Fertility. It also shows that the chant dates back to the feudal China: it predicts the fate of the future son of the young couple that ordered the chant by describing his future life of the “official” and the “noble man,” the image that has been developed on the basis of Confucian canons within the two millennia of Chinese history