96 research outputs found
Effects of slaughter age and muscle type on meat quality characteristics of Eastern Anatolian Red bulls
The effects of slaughter age and muscle type on meat quality properties of
Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR) bulls (n=46) were investigated in the present
study. Forty-six EAR bulls were slaughtered at 15, 17, 19, 25 and 27 months.
Meat samples were taken from longissimus dorsi (LD) and gluteus medius (GM)
muscles obtained from the carcasses at 24 h post-mortem. Meat color
parameters were significantly affected by slaughter age. Older animals (19,
25 and 27 months of age) possessed higher L*, a* and
HÂ values than those of younger animals (15Â and 17Â months of age). LD muscle
had higher L* and a* values than those of GM muscles. The influences
of slaughter age and muscle type on the proportions of dry matter, ether
extract, crude ash and crude protein were not significant in the present study.
The influence of slaughter age on the tenderness, acceptability, juiciness,
number of chews and WarnerâBratzler shear (WBS) values were found to be
significant. Tenderness, juiciness, flavor intensity and acceptability
increased until 19Â months of age, and then increase in age resulted in lower
tenderness, flavor intensity and acceptability scores. Cooking yield
significantly increased depending on the increase of age. WBS and cooking
yield values from the LD were higher than that of the GM muscle. Textural
characteristics such as hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess,
chewiness and resilience were not affected by slaughter age, but muscles had
a significant influence on hardness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience. In
conclusion, most eating quality characteristics and color parameters were
positively influenced by slaughter age.</p
Fireside Corrosion in Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Coal
Oxy-fuel combustion is based on burning fossil fuels in a mixture of recirculated flue gas and oxygen, rather than in air. An optimized oxy-combustion power plant will have ultra-low emissions since the flue gas that results from oxy-fuel combustion consists almost entirely of CO2 and water vapor. Once the water vapor is condensed, it is relatively easy to sequester the CO2 so that it does not escape into the atmosphere. A variety of laboratory tests comparing air-firing to oxy-firing conditions, and tests examining specific simpler combinations of oxidants, were conducted at 650-700 C. Alloys studied included model Fe-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys, commercial ferritic steels, austenitic steels, and nickel base superalloys. The observed corrosion behavior shows accelerated corrosion even with sulfate additions that remain solid at the tested temperatures, encapsulation of ash components in outer iron oxide scales, and a differentiation between oxy-fuel combustion flue gas recirculation choices
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Materials and Component Development for Advanced Turbine Systems
In order to meet the 2010-2020 DOE Fossil Energy goals for Advanced Power Systems, future oxy-fuel and hydrogen-fired turbines will need to be operated at higher temperatures for extended periods of time, in environments that contain substantially higher moisture concentrations in comparison to current commercial natural gas-fired turbines. Development of modified or advanced material systems, combined with aerothermal concepts are currently being addressed in order to achieve successful operation of these land-based engines. To support the advanced turbine technology development, the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has initiated a research program effort in collaboration with the University of Pittsburgh (UPitt), and West Virginia University (WVU), working in conjunction with commercial material and coating suppliers as Howmet International and Coatings for Industry (CFI), and test facilities as Westinghouse Plasma Corporation (WPC) and Praxair, to develop advanced material and aerothermal technologies for use in future oxy-fuel and hydrogen-fired turbine applications. Our program efforts and recent results are presented
Multi-layered Ruthenium-modified Bond Coats for Thermal Barrier Coatings
Diffusional approaches for fabrication of multi-layered Ru-modified bond coats for thermal
barrier coatings have been developed via low activity chemical vapor deposition and high activity
pack aluminization. Both processes yield bond coats comprising two distinct B2 layers, based on
NiAl and RuAl, however, the position of these layers relative to the bond coat surface is reversed
when switching processes. The structural evolution of each coating at various stages of the
fabrication process has been and subsequent cyclic oxidation is presented, and the relevant
interdiffusion and phase equilibria issues in are discussed. Evaluation of the oxidation behavior of
these Ru-modified bond coat structures reveals that each B2 interlayer arrangement leads to the
formation of α-Al 2 O 3 TGO at 1100°C, but the durability of the TGO is somewhat different and in
need of further improvement in both cases
Acute thrombosis of the superior mesenteric artery in a 39-year-old woman with protein-S deficiency: a case report
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Acute thromboembolic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery is a condition with an unfavorable prognosis. Treatment of this condition is focused on early diagnosis, surgical or intravascular restoration of blood flow to the ischemic intestine, surgical resection of the necrotic bowel and supportive intensive care. In this report, we describe a case of a 39-year-old woman who developed a small bowel infarct because of an acute thrombotic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery, also involving the splenic artery.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 39-year-old Caucasian woman presented with acute abdominal pain and signs of intestinal occlusion. The patient was given an abdominal computed tomography scan and ultrasonography in association with Doppler ultrasonography, highlighting a thrombosis of the celiac trunk, of the superior mesenteric artery, and of the splenic artery. She immediately underwent an explorative laparotomy, and revascularization was performed by thromboendarterectomy with a Fogarty catheter. In the following postoperative days, she was given a scheduled second and third look, evidencing necrotic jejunal and ileal handles. During all the surgical procedures, we performed intraoperative Doppler ultrasound of the superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk to control the arterial flow without evidence of a new thrombosis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Acute mesenteric ischemia is a rare abdominal emergency that is characterized by a high mortality rate. Generally, acute mesenteric ischemia is due to an impaired blood supply to the intestine caused by thromboembolic phenomena. These phenomena may be associated with a variety of congenital prothrombotic disorders. A prompt diagnosis is a prerequisite for successful treatment. The treatment of choice remains laparotomy and thromboendarterectomy, although some prefer an endovascular approach. A second-look laparotomy could be required to evaluate viable intestinal handles. Some authors support a laparoscopic second-look. The possibility of evaluating the arteriotomy, during a repeated laparotomy with a Doppler ultrasound, is crucial to show a new thrombosis. Although the prognosis of acute mesenteric ischemia due to an acute arterial mesenteric thrombosis remains poor, a prompt diagnosis, aggressive surgical treatment and supportive intensive care unit could improve the outcome for patients with this condition.</p
Pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with carotenoids from red pepper
In this study, the effects of synthetic astaxanthin and red pepper on the pigmentation of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were investigated. The fish (167 g) were fed three diets: Diet A (control diet with no addition of carotenoids), Diet B (75 mg/kg synthetic astaxanthin added) and Diet C (5% red pepper supplemented) for 20, 40 and 60 days. Regardless of the experimental period the highest and lowest total carotenoid deposition in the fillet of the fish were found in fish fed Diet B (8.12 mg/kg) and Diet A (0.62 mg/kg), respectively (p0.05). Addition of 75 mg/kg astaxanthin (Diet B) increased the total cost of the feed by 15%, whereas addition of 5% red pepper (Diet C) to obtain 75 mg/kg of total carotenoid increased the cost by 14%
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