Evolution of the characteristics of Parametric X-ray Radiation from textured polycrystals under different observation angles

The Parametric X-Ray radiation (PXR) spectra and yield dependencies on the orientation angle are measured during the interaction of 7 MeV electrons with a tungsten textured polycrystalline foil for different observation angles. The effects of PXR spectral density increase and PXR yield orientation dependence broadening in the backward direction is shown experimentally for the first tim

Parametric X-ray radiation from powders

Parametric X-ray Radiation (PXR) produced in powders has been observed for the first time. PXR spectra were measured under observation angles of 150°and 180°during the interaction of relativistic 7MeV electrons with a tungsten powder. All the PXR peaks that theoretically can be produced in the studied energy region were registered. The performed absolute comparison of the experiment with the PXR kinematical theory from randomly oriented crystallites showed a good accordanc

STUDY OF NONSINUSOIDALITY OF VOLTAGE IN THE SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC SUPPLY OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

В работе приведены результаты исследования несинусоидальности напряжения в системе электроснабжения предприятия цветной металлургии. Установлено, что искажение формы напряжения происходит за счет влияния 11-й гармоники, значение коэффициента несинусоидальности напряжения которой превышает 1,5 %.The paper presents the results of a study of voltage non-sinusoidality in the power supply system of a non-ferrous metallurgy enterprise. It is established that the distortion of the voltage shape occurs due to the influence of the 11th harmonic, the value of the coefficient of non-sinusoidality of the voltage of which exceeds 1.5 %

Landscape science: a Russian geographical tradition

The Russian geographical tradition of landscape science (landshaftovedenie) is analyzed with particular reference to its initiator, Lev Semenovich Berg (1876-1950). The differences between prevailing Russian and Western concepts of landscape in geography are discussed, and their common origins in German geographical thought in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries are delineated. It is argued that the principal differences are accounted for by a number of factors, of which Russia's own distinctive tradition in environmental science deriving from the work of V. V. Dokuchaev (1846-1903), the activities of certain key individuals (such as Berg and C. O. Sauer), and the very different social and political circumstances in different parts of the world appear to be the most significant. At the same time it is noted that neither in Russia nor in the West have geographers succeeded in specifying an agreed and unproblematic understanding of landscape, or more broadly in promoting a common geographical conception of human-environment relationships. In light of such uncertainties, the latter part of the article argues for closer international links between the variant landscape traditions in geography as an important contribution to the quest for sustainability

ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ, СВОЙСТВА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ТЕРПЕНОИДНОМАЛЕИНОВЫХ АДДУКТОВ

The review is devoted to terpenoid-maleic adducts and their derivatives. Terpenoid-maleic adducts find wide application in various industries. In this review, the ways of adducts’ preparation, their properties, afterproducts on their basis and application in various compositions are discussed. Levopimaric and abietic rosin acids, turpentine components, terpene hydrocarbons, solid turpentine polymers and rosin oils formed in production of rosin and its glycerol ester, have been used as raw materials for production of adducts.Обзор посвящен терпеноидномалеиновым аддуктам и их производным. Терпеноидномалеиновые аддукты находят широкое применение в различных отраслях промышленности. Приводятся способы получения аддуктов, их свойства, вторичные продукты на их основе и применение в различных композиционных составах. В качестве сырья для получения аддуктов были использованы левопимаровая, абиетиновая кислоты канифоли, компоненты терпентина, терпеновые углеводороды и твердые полимеры скипидара, а также канифольные масла, которые образуются в процессе получения канифоли и ее глицеринового эфира

Prospects in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

Tendencies in five main branches of atomic spectrometry (absorption, emission, mass, fluorescence and ionization spectrometry) are considered. The first three techniques are the most widespread and universal, with the best sensitivity attributed to atomic mass spectrometry. In the direct elemental analysis of solid samples, the leading roles are now conquered by laser-induced breakdown and laser ablation mass spectrometry, and the related techniques with transfer of the laser ablation products into inductively-coupled plasma. Advances in design of diode lasers and optical parametric oscillators promote developments in fluorescence and ionization spectrometry and also in absorption techniques where uses of optical cavities for increased effective absorption pathlength are expected to expand. Prospects for analytical instrumentation are seen in higher productivity, portability, miniaturization, incorporation of advanced software, automated sample preparation and transition to the multifunctional modular architecture. Steady progress and growth in applications of plasma- and laser-based methods are observed. An interest towards the absolute (standardless) analysis has revived, particularly in the emission spectrometry.Comment: Proofread copy with an added full reference list of 279 citations. A pdf version of the final published review may be requested from Alexander Bol'shakov <[email protected]

Organic chemistry. History and mutual relations of universities of Russia

© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. The review describes the history of development of organic chemistry in higher schools of Russia over a period of 170 years, since the emergence of organic chemistry in our country till now

Use of epoxies in the thermocured compositions (review)

The thermocured compositions have found broad application in the electrotechnic industry: coverings copper mouting wires (enamel wires), printed circuit boards, electrotechnic contacts, and also in filling compounds (used in transformers), etc. Compoundings, ways of receiving of thermosetting com-positions received with use of epoxies, and also application and properties of the received varnishes on their basis are given in this review