Emotion Reactivity, Emotion Dysregulation, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among At-Risk Adolescents: A Multiple Mediation Analysis

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as deliberate self-inflicted damage to bodily tissue without the intent to die. NSSI has been identified as a major health concern, as it is related to both poor psychosocial outcomes and increased suicide risk. NSSI is especially important to understand among adolescents, as age of onset is typically during adolescence and prevalence rates are highest among this age group. One of the most well-established correlates of NSSI is emotion dysregulation. While many studies have examined emotion dysregulation and its subcomponents in relation to self-injury, there has been far less work devoted to factors that may increase one’s likelihood of being emotionally dysregulated. Previous literature suggests that emotion dysregulation is strongly influenced by individual levels of emotion reactivity; however, no studies to date have assessed the combined effects of emotion reactivity and emotion dysregulation in terms of NSSI frequency. In addition, prior research suggests that the cognitive process of rumination may play a role in NSSI engagement. The current study sought to understand the relationships between emotion reactivity, distinct facets of emotion dysregulation, rumination, and NSSI among a sample of at-risk youth in a residential facility. Furthermore, a multiple mediation model was used to test which facets of emotion dysregulation serve as the most powerful mediators between emotion reactivity and NSSI frequency. Findings and implications are discussed

Male Hypergamy and Social Status

Male hypergamy, a social pattern rarely observed, has been prevalent throughout history as a symbol of social status for men. Hypergamy is the act of marrying into a higher social class or caste. This paper analyzes a few exemplary men ranging from the Italian Renaissance to Twenty-First Century America to make note of this pattern and attempts to understand how it affects the social order in middle-to-upper class society. The research, gathered from various books on class and society, presents an idea of various men who have, in some way or another, used their marriages as a social asset and network to rise to greater prominence. The upper classes of humanity are split into two camps: social and economic. While anyone can join the economic elite simply by working hard, saving and investing funds, and proper planning; in order to climb the social ladder, men usually obtain a high-income career or become entrepreneurs, join an organization of professionals, and marry into a higher social class which allows him to utilize a greater social network than he could previously access. This paper is meant solely as an introductory paper to the subject and is in no way suggests complete or total knowledge on the topic

High impact pressure regulator withstands impacts of over 15,000 g

High impact pressure regulator used with a high impact gas scannograph withstands impacts of over 15,000 g. By the passage of fluid through the first and second chambers of the regulator, the pressure of the scannograph is regulated from a specific input valve to the desired output pressure valve

The Equivalence Postulate of Quantum Mechanics

The Equivalence Principle (EP), stating that all physical systems are connected by a coordinate transformation to the free one with vanishing energy, univocally leads to the Quantum Stationary HJ Equation (QSHJE). Trajectories depend on the Planck length through hidden variables which arise as initial conditions. The formulation has manifest p-q duality, a consequence of the involutive nature of the Legendre transform and of its recently observed relation with second-order linear differential equations. This reflects in an intrinsic psi^D-psi duality between linearly independent solutions of the Schroedinger equation. Unlike Bohm's theory, there is a non-trivial action even for bound states. No use of any axiomatic interpretation of the wave-function is made. Tunnelling is a direct consequence of the quantum potential which differs from the usual one and plays the role of particle's self-energy. The QSHJE is defined only if the ratio psi^D/psi is a local self-homeomorphism of the extended real line. This is an important feature as the L^2 condition, which in the usual formulation is a consequence of the axiomatic interpretation of the wave-function, directly follows as a basic theorem which only uses the geometrical gluing conditions of psi^D/psi at q=\pm\infty as implied by the EP. As a result, the EP itself implies a dynamical equation that does not require any further assumption and reproduces both tunnelling and energy quantization. Several features of the formulation show how the Copenhagen interpretation hides the underlying nature of QM. Finally, the non-stationary higher dimensional quantum HJ equation and the relativistic extension are derived.Comment: 1+3+140 pages, LaTeX. Invariance of the wave-function under the action of SL(2,R) subgroups acting on the reduced action explicitly reveals that the wave-function describes only equivalence classes of Planck length deterministic physics. New derivation of the Schwarzian derivative from the cocycle condition. "Legendre brackets" introduced to further make "Legendre duality" manifest. Introduction now contains examples and provides a short pedagogical review. Clarifications, conclusions, ackn. and references adde

Hygroscopic Expansion of some Casting Investments

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67071/2/10.1177_00220345500290040901.pd

Child mortality in rural Malawi: HIV closes the survival gap between the socio-economic strata

As HIV-related deaths increase in a population the usual association between low socioeconomic status and child mortality may change, particularly as death rates from other causes decline.METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: As part of a demographic surveillance system in northern Malawi in 2002-6, covering a population of 32,000, information was collected on socio-economic status of the households. Deaths were classified as HIV/AIDS-related or not by verbal autopsy. Poisson regression models were used to assess the association of socio-economic indicators with all-cause mortality, AIDS-mortality and non-AIDS mortality among children. There were 195 deaths in infants, 109 in children aged 1-4 years, and 38 in children aged 5-15. All-cause child mortality in infants and 1-4 year olds was similar in households with higher and lower socio-economic status. In infants 13% of deaths were attributed to AIDS, and there were no clear trends with socio-economic status for AIDS or non-AIDS causes. For 1-4 year olds 27% of deaths were attributed to AIDS. AIDS mortality was higher among those with better built houses, and lowest in those with income from farming and fishing, whereas non-AIDS mortality was higher in those with worse built houses, lowest in those with income from employment, and decreased with increasing household assets.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In this population, since HIV infection among adults was initially more common among the less poor, childhood mortality patterns have changed. The usual gap in survival between the poor and the less poor has been lost, but because the less poor have been disproportionately affected by HIV, rather than because of relative improvement in the survival of the poorest

Systematic Review of the Barriers to Breastfeeding for Non-Hispanic Black Women

Breastmilk provides the optimal food for newborns and contributes to improved lifelong health. A community hospital in the Eastern United States serving non-Hispanic Black (NHB) women has a breastfeeding exclusivity rate of only 8%, which is low compared to the state’s exclusivity rate of 40%. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify the breastfeeding barriers for NHB mothers and to identify strategies to address them. Guided by Fishbein and Yzer’s integrative model and the SQUIRE 2.0 knowledge reporting framework, 30 articles were appraised using Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt’s hierarchy of research and the Caldwell, Henshaw, and Taylor qualitative research appraisal method. The six barriers to breastfeeding among NHB mothers identified in both qualitative (n = 17) and quantitative studies (n = 13) were (a) ineffective support, (b) cultural practices that do not include breastfeeding, (c) the need to return to school or work, (d) maternal health, (e) formula companies’ advertisements, and (f) the lack of NHB women in the field of lactation support. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the Surgeon General of the United States all provided evidence-based recommendations to improve breastfeeding. The results of this systematic review can contribute to positive social change by guiding the development of a quality improvement plan to improve breastfeeding rates among NHB women served by the community hospital, which could lead to better health outcomes for newborns