729 research outputs found
The relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and conditioned fear acquisition:Evidence from a large sample
Study of flavour dependencies in leptogenesis
We study the impact of flavours on the efficiency factors and give analytical
and numerical results of the baryon asymmetry taking into account the different
charged lepton Yukawa contributions and the complete (diagonal and
off-diagonal) to conversion matrix. With this treatment we update
the lower bound on the lightest right-handed neutrino mass.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures. typos corrected, some formulae modified. 2
figures and discussion adde
Performance des noues d'infiltration au regard de leur fonctionnement hivernal dans une région alpine
The relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and conditioned fear acquisition: Evidence from a large sample
Despite being considered a valid model for the etiology of anxiety disorders, the fear conditioning paradigm does not always show clear correlations with anxious personality traits that constitute risk factors for the development of anxiety disorders. This may in part due to error variance and the fact that fear conditioning studies are typically underpowered to investigate inter-individual differences. In the current study, we focus on the relationship between conditioned fear acquisition and Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU). In a re-analysis of a large previous study (N = 120), which was conducted using a healthy student sample and a partial reinforcement procedure (75%) with words as Conditioned Stimuli (CSs), the relationship between IU and several outcome measures (i.e., fear ratings, expectancy ratings, skin conductance responses, and startle responses) during fear acquisition was examined. We find that IU is positively related to fear ratings towards the CS+ (r = 0.29), even when controlling for the shared variance with trait anxiety. Furthermore, we find a subtle relationship between IU and startle responses to the CS− (r = −0.23), though this correlation did not survive correction for the shared variance with trait anxiety. Taken together, we replicate some of the correlations previously reported in the literature. However, we recommend that future studies employ even larger samples and more advanced statistical techniques such as structural equation modelling to investigate the correlations between fear acquisition indices and anxious traits in a fine-grained manner
The relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and conditioned fear acquisition: Evidence from a large sample
Despite being considered a valid model for the etiology of anxiety disorders, the fear conditioning paradigm does not always show clear correlations with anxious personality traits that constitute risk factors for the development of anxiety disorders. This may in part due to error variance and the fact that fear conditioning studies are typically underpowered to investigate inter-individual differences. In the current study, we focus on the relationship between conditioned fear acquisition and Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU). In a re-analysis of a large previous study (N = 120), which was conducted using a healthy student sample and a partial reinforcement procedure (75%) with words as Conditioned Stimuli (CSs), the relationship between IU and several outcome measures (i.e., fear ratings, expectancy ratings, skin conductance responses, and startle responses) during fear acquisition was examined. We find that IU is positively related to fear ratings towards the CS+ (r = 0.29), even when controlling for the shared variance with trait anxiety. Furthermore, we find a subtle relationship between IU and startle responses to the CS− (r = −0.23), though this correlation did not survive correction for the shared variance with trait anxiety. Taken together, we replicate some of the correlations previously reported in the literature. However, we recommend that future studies employ even larger samples and more advanced statistical techniques such as structural equation modelling to investigate the correlations between fear acquisition indices and anxious traits in a fine-grained manner
Speed Matters: Relationship between Speed of Eye Movements and Modification of Aversive Autobiographical Memories
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an efficacious treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. In EMDR, patients recall a distressing memory and simultaneously make eye movements (EM). Both tasks are considered to require limited working memory (WM) resources. Because this leaves fewer resources available for memory retrieval, the memory should become less vivid and less emotional during future recall. In EMDR analogue studies, a standardized procedure has been used, in which participants receive the same dual task manipulation of 1 EM cycle per second (1 Hz). From a WM perspective, the WM taxation of the dual task might be titrated to the WM taxation of the memory image. We hypothesized that highly vivid images are more affected by high WM taxation and less vivid images are more affected by low WM taxation. In study 1, 34 participants performed a reaction time task, and rated image vividness, and difficulty of retrieving an image, during five speeds of EM and no EM. Both a high WM taxing frequency (fast EM; 1.2 Hz) and a low WM taxing frequency (slow EM; 0.8 Hz) were selected. In study 2, 72 participants recalled three highly vivid aversive autobiographical memory images (n = 36) or three less vivid images (n = 36) under each of three conditions: recall + fast EM, recall + slow EM, or recall only. Multi-level modeling revealed a consistent pattern for all outcome measures: recall + fast EM led to less emotional, less vivid and more difficult to retrieve images than recall + slow EM and recall only, and the effects of recall + slow EM felt consistently in between the effects of recall + fast EM and recall only, but only differed significantly from recall + fast EM. Crucially, image vividness did not interact with condition on the decrease of emotionality over time, which was inconsistent with the prediction. Implications for understanding the mechanisms of action in memory modification and directions for future research are discussed
Measuring Slepton Masses and Mixings at the LHC
Flavor physics may help us understand theories beyond the standard model. In
the context of supersymmetry, if we can measure the masses and mixings of
sleptons and squarks, we may learn something about supersymmetry and
supersymmetry breaking. Here we consider a hybrid gauge-gravity supersymmetric
model in which the observed masses and mixings of the standard model leptons
are explained by a U(1) x U(1) flavor symmetry. In the supersymmetric sector,
the charged sleptons have reasonably large flavor mixings, and the lightest is
metastable. As a result, supersymmetric events are characterized not by missing
energy, but by heavy metastable charged particles. Many supersymmetric events
are therefore fully reconstructible, and we can reconstruct most of the charged
sleptons by working up the long supersymmetric decay chains. We obtain
promising results for both masses and mixings, and conclude that, given a
favorable model, precise measurements at the LHC may help shed light not only
on new physics, but also on the standard model flavor parameters.Comment: 24 pages; v2: fixed a typo in our computer program that led to some
miscalculated branching ratios, various clarifications and minor
improvements, conclusions unchanged, published versio
Probing Cation Antisite Disorder in Gd2Ti2O7 Pyrochlore by Site-specific NEXAFS and XPS
Disorder in Gd2Ti2O7 is investigated by near-edge x-ray-absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). NEXAFS shows Ti4+ ions occupy octahedral sites with a tetragonal distortion induced by vacant oxygen sites. O 1s XPS spectra obtained with a charge neutralization system from Gd2Ti2O7(100) and the Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore used by Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 105901 (2002)], both yielded a single peak, unlike the previous result on the latter that found two peaks. The current results give no evidence for an anisotropic distribution of Ti and O. The extra features reported in the aforementioned communication resulted from charging effects and incomplete surface cleaning. Thus, a result confirming the direct observation of simultaneous cation-anion antisite disordering and lending credence to the split vacancy model has been clarified
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