69 research outputs found
New approach to Arakelov geometry
This work is dedicated to a new completely algebraic approach to Arakelov geometry, which doesn't require the variety under consideration to be generically smooth or projective. In order to construct such an approach we develop a theory of generalized rings and schemes, which include classical rings and schemes together with "exotic" objects such as F_1 ("field with one element"), Z_\infty ("real integers"), T (tropical numbers) etc., thus providing a systematic way of studying such objects. This theory of generalized rings and schemes is developed up to construction of algebraic K-theory, intersection theory and Chern classes. Then existence of Arakelov models of algebraic varieties over Q is shown, and our general results are applied to such models
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ Π·ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π΅ Π’ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ
This paper presents Ρhronobiological approach for estimating biological age of men of mature age, living for a long time in the north and south of the Tyumenregion. The structure of biological rhythms of physiological parameters (especially the amplitude of the rhythm) is a sensitive indicator of the functional state of a person and can be successfully used for the assessment of biological age. In persons biological age of the Nordic region to a greater degree higher than chronological age than men living in the southern region.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ Π·ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π΅ Π’ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ°) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°. Π£ Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°Π» Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ³Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ
Star products made (somewhat) easier
We develop an approach to the deformation quantization on the real plane with
an arbitrary Poisson structure which based on Weyl symmetrically ordered
operator products. By using a polydifferential representation for deformed
coordinates we are able to formulate a simple and effective
iterative procedure which allowed us to calculate the fourth order star product
(and may be extended to the fifth order at the expense of tedious but otherwise
straightforward calculations). Modulo some cohomology issues which we do not
consider here, the method gives an explicit and physics-friendly description of
the star products.Comment: 20 pages, v2, v3: comments and references adde
Decompositions of modules lacking zero sums
The third author thanks the University of Virginia mathematics department for its hospitality.Peer reviewedPostprin
ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― Π ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ£Π’Π ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ
The method of direct visual study in situ by means of light microscope LEICA-L2 was used for examination of the channel developmentΒ kinetics for bismuth melt through penetration along grain boundaries and triple joint group of grains in thin (from 120 toΒ 500 ΞΌm) polycrystalline copper samples. Copper (99,995 wt.%) and bismuth (99,999 wt.%) were used as initial metal materials forΒ the studies. Copper samples had average grain size of 30β50 ΞΌm. In their studying after holding in contact with bismuth melt atΒ temperatures of 490β600 Β°C, the photographic images showing the Bi penetration through Cu-plates as well as the image ofΒ liquid metal channel network on cross-sections of samples have been obtained. Temperature dependence of melt penetrationΒ rate through polycrystalline copper plates and the effective activation energy of Bi penetration process along grain boundariesΒ are obtained.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ in situ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° LEICA-L2 ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° Π²ΠΈΡΠΌΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ Π·Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ (ΠΠ) ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΒ Π·Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π² ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
(ΠΎΡ 120 Π΄ΠΎ 500 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ) ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ 99,995 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠΌΡΡ (99,999 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.%). ΠΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉΒ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π·Π΅ΡΠ½Π° 30β50 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡΠΌΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡ 490 Π΄ΠΎΒ 600 Β°Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Bi ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠ·Ρ Cu-ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π°Β ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΒ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Bi ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠ
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