69 research outputs found

    New approach to Arakelov geometry

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    This work is dedicated to a new completely algebraic approach to Arakelov geometry, which doesn't require the variety under consideration to be generically smooth or projective. In order to construct such an approach we develop a theory of generalized rings and schemes, which include classical rings and schemes together with "exotic" objects such as F_1 ("field with one element"), Z_\infty ("real integers"), T (tropical numbers) etc., thus providing a systematic way of studying such objects. This theory of generalized rings and schemes is developed up to construction of algebraic K-theory, intersection theory and Chern classes. Then existence of Arakelov models of algebraic varieties over Q is shown, and our general results are applied to such models

    ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° биологичСского возраста Ρƒ ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π·Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ возраста, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° сСвСрС ΠΈ югС ВюмСнской области

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    This paper presents сhronobiological approach for estimating biological age of men of mature age, living for a long time in the north and south of the Tyumenregion. The structure of biological rhythms of physiological parameters (especially the amplitude of the rhythm) is a sensitive indicator of the functional state of a person and can be successfully used for the assessment of biological age. In persons biological age of the Nordic region to a greater degree higher than chronological age than men living in the southern region.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСн хронобиологичСский ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ биологичСского возраста ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π·Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ возраста, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя Π½Π° сСвСрС ΠΈ югС ВюмСнской области. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ² физиологичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (особСнно Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ΄Π° Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ°) являСтся Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ состояния Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ с успСхом ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ биологичСского возраста. Π£ Π»ΠΈΡ† сСвСрного Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° биологичСский возраст Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π» хронологичСский возраст, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° югС области

    Star products made (somewhat) easier

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    We develop an approach to the deformation quantization on the real plane with an arbitrary Poisson structure which based on Weyl symmetrically ordered operator products. By using a polydifferential representation for deformed coordinates x^j\hat x^j we are able to formulate a simple and effective iterative procedure which allowed us to calculate the fourth order star product (and may be extended to the fifth order at the expense of tedious but otherwise straightforward calculations). Modulo some cohomology issues which we do not consider here, the method gives an explicit and physics-friendly description of the star products.Comment: 20 pages, v2, v3: comments and references adde

    Decompositions of modules lacking zero sums

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    The third author thanks the University of Virginia mathematics department for its hospitality.Peer reviewedPostprin

    ΠšΠ˜ΠΠ•Π’Π˜ΠšΠ ΠŸΠ ΠžΠΠ˜ΠšΠΠžΠ’Π•ΠΠ˜Π― Π ΠΠ‘ΠŸΠ›ΠΠ’Π Π’Π˜Π‘ΠœΠ£Π’Π ПО Π“Π ΠΠΠ˜Π¦ΠΠœ ЗЕРЕН ΠœΠ•Π”Π˜

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    The method of direct visual study in situ by means of light microscope LEICA-L2 was used for examination of the channel developmentΒ kinetics for bismuth melt through penetration along grain boundaries and triple joint group of grains in thin (from 120 toΒ 500 ΞΌm) polycrystalline copper samples. Copper (99,995 wt.%) and bismuth (99,999 wt.%) were used as initial metal materials forΒ the studies. Copper samples had average grain size of 30–50 ΞΌm. In their studying after holding in contact with bismuth melt atΒ temperatures of 490–600 Β°C, the photographic images showing the Bi penetration through Cu-plates as well as the image ofΒ liquid metal channel network on cross-sections of samples have been obtained. Temperature dependence of melt penetrationΒ rate through polycrystalline copper plates and the effective activation energy of Bi penetration process along grain boundariesΒ are obtained.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ нСпосрСдствСнного Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ наблюдСния in situ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ оптичСского микроскопа LEICA-L2 исслСдована ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° развития ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² сквозного проникновСния расплава висмута ΠΏΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°ΠΌ Π·Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ (Π“Π—) ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ стыкам зСрСн Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ… (ΠΎΡ‚ 120 Π΄ΠΎ 500 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ) поликристалличСских ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ. Для ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² качСствС исходных мСталличСских матСриалов Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ мСдь чистотой 99,995 мас.% ΠΈ висмут (99,999 мас.%). ΠœΠ΅Π΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ срСдний размСр Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π° 30–50 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ послС Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ с расплавом висмута ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ 490 Π΄ΠΎΒ 600 Β°Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ микроскопичСскиС фотоизобраТСния, ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Bi сквозь Cu-пластины, Π°Β Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСтки ТидкомСталличСских ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сСчСниях ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°ΡΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ скорости проникновСния расплава сквозь пластины поликристалличСской ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ эффСктивная энСргия активации процСсса проникновСния Bi ΠΏΠΎ Π“Π—
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