ANALISIS PERMINTAAN KOMODITI JAGUNG DI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAN SELATAN

Research is already implemented in the village of Nulle and Sub district of Karang Siri, TTS District. This study aimed at knowing; 1) factors that influence demand of corn commodity in South Center Timor Regency and 2) the demand elasticity of corn commodity in South Center Timor Regency. Data collection was conducted in June – July 2018. The result showed that, 1) the demand of corn in the Nulle Village West Amanuban and Karang Siri Soe City Sub District in the South Central Timor Regency affected by corn prices itself, the amount of consumption of corn, and income of farm household, 2) the price elasticity demand of corn in Nulle Village West Amanuban Sub District was -0,98 while in Karang Siri, Soe City Sub District was -1,35. The income elasticity demand of corn in Nulle Village, west Amanuban Sub District was 0,11 while in Karang Siri, Soe City Sub District was 0,46, and the cross elasticity deman of corn in Nulle Village, west Amanuban Sub District was 0,22 while in Karang Siri, Soe City Sub District was 0,73, The cross elasticity coefficients in both study areas were positive e>1 indicating that rice is a substitution goods for corn

Assessment of benefit of advanced inflammatory bowel disease training: Challenges and solutions

BACKGROUND: Advanced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) fellowships are available for gastroenterologists who wish to increase their expertise in complex IBD. However, little is known about the outcomes of such training. The aims of this study were to assess clinical and academic outcomes following advanced training in IBD. METHODS: We surveyed gastroenterologists who completed advanced IBD fellowships and compared competency and outcomes to gastroenterologists focusing in IBD who completed gastroenterology training alone. Participants completed a survey via REDCap. Continuous variables were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher\u27s exact tests. RESULTS: A total of 104 physicians participated in the study. IBD fellowships were completed by 31 physicians (30%), of whom 29 (94%) felt their training was excellent. Management of complicated IBD (84%), research mentoring (74%), and career mentoring (71%) were felt to contribute most highly to professional development. Compared to non-advanced trained physicians, advanced trained physicians expressed higher levels of comfort with management of IBD during pregnancy ( CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests there may be clinical benefit to advanced IBD training. Importantly, this study identified that there are also unique challenges to the assessment of clinical competency in IBD training. Efforts by the IBD community to establish a registry of advanced trainees and improve competency assessments are needed

Analisis Pemasaran Pinang di Kecamatan Amarasi Selatan, Kabupaten Kupang

This research has been carried out in Sonraen and Nekmese Villages Amarasi Selatan Sub District, Kupang District in July to August, 2018. The objectives of this study were to (1) Know the areca nut marketing channels in South Amarasi Subdistrict, (2) Know the marketing margins areca nut in South Amarasi District, (3) Knowing the efficiency of marketing costs in the District of South Amarasi, and (4) Know the level of transmition elasticity of the price of areca nut in South Amarasi District. Sampling was done in stages, namely the first stage of determining the location by purposive sampling, namely Sonraen and Nekmese Villages. The second stage determining the sample farmer by using proportional random sampling. The total respondents were 75 people. Data collected primary data and secondary data. Primary data is obtained from the results of direct interviews with respondents, while secondary data is obtained from relevant agencies in this study. The data analysis tool used in this study consists of; 1) descriptive analysis, 2) margin marketing analysis 3) marketing cost efficiency analysis 4) analysis of price transmission elasticity. The results showed that, (1) There are two Marketing Channels of areca in South Amarasi Subdistrict. (2) Marketing Margin of Areca obtained in channel one amounting to Rp. 3000, and on channel two Rp. 4000 (3) Efficiency of areca nut marketing costs in get on channel one in the amount of 0.18%, while on channel two is 0.74%. (4) and the level of elasticity of the betel price transmission is 0.38 Penelitian ini telah dilakukan di Desa Sonraen dan Desa Nekmese Kecamatan Amarasi Selatan, Kabupaten Kupang pada bulan Juli sampai bulan Agustus Tahun 2018. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk, (1) Mengetahui saluran pemasaran pinang di Kecamatan Amarasi Selatan, (2) Mengetahui marjin pemasaran pinang di Kecamatan Amarasi Selatan, (3) Mengetahui efesiensi biaya pemasaran di Kecamatan Amarasi Selatan, dan (4) Mengetahui tingkat elastisitas transmisi harga pinang di Kecamatan Amarasi Selatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara bertahap yaitu tahap pertama penentuan lokasi secara purposive sampling yaitu Desa Sonraen dan Desa Nekmese.Tahap kedua penentuan petani contoh dengan menggunakan proportional random sampling. Total responden sebanyak 75 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan beruapa data primer dan data sekunder.Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara langsung dengan responden, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi yang terkait dalam penelitian ini. Alat analisis data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari; 1) analisis deskriptif, 2) analisis marjin pemasaran 3) analisis efesiensi biaya pemasaran 4) analisis elastisitas transmisi harga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1) Saluran Pemasaran Pinang di Kecamatan Amarasi Selatan Ada Dua Saluran Pemasaran (2) Marjin Pemasaran Pinang yang di peroleh padasaluran satu sebesar Rp 3000, dan pada saluran dua sebesar Rp 4000 (3) Efesiensi biaya pemasaran pinang yang di peroleh pada saluran satu sebesar 0,18 %, sedangkan pada saluran dua sebesar 0,74%. (4) dan tingkat elastisitas transmisi harga pinang sebesar 0,38

Fluctuations of company yearly profits versus scaled revenue: Fat tail distribution of Levy type

We analyze annual revenues and earnings data for the 500 largest-revenue U.S. companies during the period 1954-2007. We find that mean year profits are proportional to mean year revenues, exception made for few anomalous years, from which we postulate a linear relation between company expected mean profit and revenue. Mean annual revenues are used to scale both company profits and revenues. Annual profit fluctuations are obtained as difference between actual annual profit and its expected mean value, scaled by a power of the revenue to get a stationary behavior as a function of revenue. We find that profit fluctuations are broadly distributed having approximate power-law tails with a Levy-type exponent $\alpha \simeq 1.7$, from which we derive the associated break-even probability distribution. The predictions are compared with empirical data.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Tailored carrier/bacteria technology for rehabilitation of areas with pesticide-containing pollution – AQUAREHAB WP2

Postprint (published version

Repair of gaps opposite lesions by homologous recombination in mammalian cells

Damages in the DNA template inhibit the progression of replication, which may cause single-stranded gaps. Such situations can be tolerated by translesion DNA synthesis (TLS), or by homology-dependent repair (HDR), which is based on transfer or copying of the missing information from the replicated sister chromatid. Whereas it is well established that TLS plays an important role in DNA damage tolerance in mammalian cells, it is unknown whether HDR operates in this process. Using a newly developed plasmid-based assay that distinguishes between the three mechanisms of DNA damage tolerance, we found that mammalian cells can efficiently utilize HDR to repair DNA gaps opposite an abasic site or benzo[a]pyrene adduct. The majority of these events occurred by a physical strand transfer (homologous recombination repair; HRR), rather than a template switch mechanism. Furthermore, cells deficient in either the human RAD51 recombination protein or NBS1, but not Rad18, exhibited decreased gap repair through HDR, indicating a role for these proteins in DNA damage tolerance. To our knowledge, this is the first direct evidence of gap-lesion repair via HDR in mammalian cells, providing further molecular insight into the potential activity of HDR in overcoming replication obstacles and maintaining genome stability

Epidemic processes in complex networks

In recent years the research community has accumulated overwhelming evidence for the emergence of complex and heterogeneous connectivity patterns in a wide range of biological and sociotechnical systems. The complex properties of real-world networks have a profound impact on the behavior of equilibrium and nonequilibrium phenomena occurring in various systems, and the study of epidemic spreading is central to our understanding of the unfolding of dynamical processes in complex networks. The theoretical analysis of epidemic spreading in heterogeneous networks requires the development of novel analytical frameworks, and it has produced results of conceptual and practical relevance. A coherent and comprehensive review of the vast research activity concerning epidemic processes is presented, detailing the successful theoretical approaches as well as making their limits and assumptions clear. Physicists, mathematicians, epidemiologists, computer, and social scientists share a common interest in studying epidemic spreading and rely on similar models for the description of the diffusion of pathogens, knowledge, and innovation. For this reason, while focusing on the main results and the paradigmatic models in infectious disease modeling, the major results concerning generalized social contagion processes are also presented. Finally, the research activity at the forefront in the study of epidemic spreading in coevolving, coupled, and time-varying networks is reported.Comment: 62 pages, 15 figures, final versio

Caffeine vs. carbamazepine as indicators of wastewater pollution in a karst aquifer

This paper presents the analysis of caffeine and carbamazepine transport in the subsurface as a result of wastewater release in the Sorek creek over the outcrops of the carbonate, Yarkon-Taninim, aquifer in Israel. Both caffeine and carbamazepine were used as indicators of sewage contamination in the subsurface. While carbamazepine is considered conservative, caffeine is subject to sorption and degradation. The objective of the study was to quantify differences in their transport under similar conditions in the karst aquifer. Water flow and pollutant transport in a “vadose zone–aquifer” system were simulated by a quasi-3-D dual permeability numerical model. The results of this study show that each of these two pollutants can be considered effective tracers for characterization and assessment of aquifer contamination. Carbamazepine was found to be more suitable for assessing the contamination boundaries, while caffeine can be used as a contaminant tracer only briefly after contamination occurs. In instances where there are low concentrations of carbamazepine which appear as background contamination in an aquifer, caffeine might serve as a better marker for detecting new contamination events, given its temporal nature. The estimated caffeine degradation rate and the distribution coefficient of a linear sorption isotherm were 0.091&thinsp;d−1 and 0.1&thinsp;L&thinsp;kg−1, respectively, which imply a high attenuation capacity. The results of the simulation indicate that by the end of the year most of the carbamazepine mass (approximately 95&thinsp;%) remained in the matrix of the vadose zone, while all of the caffeine was completely degraded a few months after the sewage was discharged.</p

Recursive construction of perfect DNA molecules from imperfect oligonucleotides

Making faultless complex objects from potentially faulty building blocks is a fundamental challenge in computer engineering, nanotechnology and synthetic biology. Here, we show for the first time how recursion can be used to address this challenge and demonstrate a recursive procedure that constructs error-free DNA molecules and their libraries from error-prone oligonucleotides. Divide and Conquer (D&C), the quintessential recursive problem-solving technique, is applied in silico to divide the target DNA sequence into overlapping oligonucleotides short enough to be synthesized directly, albeit with errors; error-prone oligonucleotides are recursively combined in vitro, forming error-prone DNA molecules; error-free fragments of these molecules are then identified, extracted and used as new, typically longer and more accurate, inputs to another iteration of the recursive construction procedure; the entire process repeats until an error-free target molecule is formed. Our recursive construction procedure surpasses existing methods for de novo DNA synthesis in speed, precision, amenability to automation, ease of combining synthetic and natural DNA fragments, and ability to construct designer DNA libraries. It thus provides a novel and robust foundation for the design and construction of synthetic biological molecules and organisms