d-metal folates and the folic acid-imidazole conjugate

Metal folates MFol • nH2O (M2+ = Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+; n = 4–6), silver folate Ag2Fol • 3H2O, and the folic acid–imidazole conjugate H2Fol • 3Im • 2H2O were synthesized in aqueous solutions at a 1 : 1 M2+ : H2Fol molar ratio and pH 5.5–6.6. The compositions of the resulting compounds were determined by chemical, thermal, and gravimetric analysis. The composition of copper(II) folate was confirmed by elemental analysis; the solubility product of nickel folate (9.65 × 10–9) was estimated using solubility data. IR and electron absorption spectroscopy was used to show that oxygen atoms of carboxyl groups in folic acid and the pyridine nitrogen atom in imidazole are involved in bond formation in folates and the conjugate

Physicochemical and adsorption properties of some carbon materials in aqueous solutions

Water dispersions of carbon adsorbents-nanodiamonds of UD-DP and UD-HP-DP types, nanodiamond charge of UDB-A type, C-60 fullerene, nanotubes, and activated carbon-were studied. Some physicochemical properties of their surface (acidity and electrokinetic characteristics) were investigated, and the surface values of pK(a1) were calculated. The data on adsorption of iodine, malic acid, and cationic dyes onto these adsorbents from aqueous and 1 mol/L NaCl solutions were discussed and compared. The dyeadsorption data and the values of the zeta potential and suspension effect indicated a negatively charged surface of UDA-SP nanodiamond within a pH adsorption range from 5.5 to 8.0

Ипотечные ориентиры жилищной политики в России

The regular socio-economic monitoring studies are really essentialwith the purpose of development of an effective system for housing development sector support at the state level and of account of the diversity of factors, which impact the change of housing  conditions of population. With this purpose, the authors performed  benchmarking statistical analysis of the state and trends in the  development of housing construction and housing provision in  various regions of Russia, taking into account the availability of  housing and the degree of tension in the housing and social sphere,  as well as the opportunities, which are provided for the population to settle the housing issue through property lending The economic  crisis could not relieve the "housing problem" for Russians, but only  gave rise to housing deferred demand. Therefore, the researches are still timely of the housing policy development directions and of the  solution of the housing problems, as well as of the housing lending  system. In addition to solving the population housing affordability  problem, the intensification of property lending policy directly affects the of new housing supply index of various degree of conventions.  This is achieved through engaging of significant amounts of money  by the population. The subject of the research is a set of indices of  the conditions and of level of development of housing construction and related property lending. The information base of the research is the official data of the Federal State Statistics Service, of the Bank of Russia, as well as the materials of scientific publications and  periodicals on the subject Statistical methods for identifying the  trends and the cycles, for study of economic conditions and business activity, for analysis of structural breaks, for time series forecasting,  as well as the tabular and graphical methods for visual  representation of data are used as the main statistical tools. In  accordance with the aim, the authors set and solved the tasks  as  follows: – the main features, problems and trends are specified in  the development of housing constructions in the Russian Federation  and its subjects;– regional differentiation is estimated in the level of housing provision of population and in the changes in its living conditions,  taking into account the impact of crisis phenomena;– the intensity and directions are determined the of structural changes in the regional distribution of the total volume of housing;– the groups of the Russian regions are revealed, which are differed by the main characteristics of housing conditions of the population and by the scale and activity of housing construction;– the factors and criteria are considered of efficiency of housing property lending and a role of regional banks in this process;– the main problems are revealed, which constrain lending development in Russia.The results of the research are of practical importance for the Federal State Statistics Service in the course of monitoring of the  state of the housing complex at the regional level, as well as for  regional economic agencies in the development of programs for  support and development of the housing construction sector.Для разработки эффективной системы поддержки жилищного сектора на государственном  уровне, учета многообразия факторов, влияющих на изменение жилищных условий  населения, необходимо проводить регулярные социально-экономические мониторинговые  исследования. С этой целью авторами был выполнен сравнительный статистический анализ  состояния и тенденций развития сферы жилищного строительства и обеспеченности жильем  в различных регионах России, с учетом доступности жилья и степени напряженности в  жилищно-социальной сфере, а также возможностей, предоставляемых населению для  решения жилищного вопроса, посредством ипотечного кредитования. Экономический кризис не смог снять остроту «квартирного вопроса» для россиян, а только породил отложенный  спрос на жилье. Поэтому остаются по-прежнему актуальными исследования направлений  развития как в целом жилищной политики и решения жилищной проблемы, так и системы  ипотечного жилищного кредитования. Помимо решения проблемы обеспеченности  населения жильем, активизация политики ипотечного кредитования напрямую влияет на  показатели ввода жилья разного класса комфортности. Это достигается за счет мобилизации значительных объемов денежных средств населения. Предметом исследования является  совокупность показателей состояния и уровня развития сферы жилищного строительства и  связанного с ним ипотечного кредитования. Информационной базой исследования  послужили официальные данные Федеральной службы государственной статистики, Банка  России, материалы научных публикаций и периодической печати по исследуемой тематике. В качестве основного статистического инструментария использовались  статистические методы выявления трендов и циклов, исследования экономической  конъюнктуры и деловой активности, анализа структурных сдвигов, прогнозирования временных рядов, а также табличные и графические методы визуального  представления данных. Обработка исходных данных производилась на основе ППП «SPSS»,  а также в «MS Excel». В соответствии с целью авторами поставлены и решены следующие  задачи: определены основные особенности, проблемы и тенденции развития сферы  жилищного строительства в РФ и ее субъектах; оценена региональная дифференциация в  уровне жилищной обеспеченности населения и изменении его жилищных условий в  регионах ЦФО с учетом воздействия кризисных явлений; выявлена интенсивность и  направленность структурных изменений в региональном распределении совокупных объемов вводимого жилья; выделены группы российских регионов, отличающихся между собой по основным характеристикам жилищных условий  населения, масштабности и активности жилищного строительства; рассмотрены факторы и  критерии эффективности ипотечного жилищного кредитования и роль региональных банков  в этом процессе; выявлены основные проблемы, сдерживающие развитие ипотеки в России. Результаты проведенного исследования имеют практическое значение для  Федеральной службы государственной статистики при проведении мониторинга состояния  жилищного комплекса на региональном уровне, а также для региональных экономических  ведомств при разработке программ поддержки и развития сферы жилищного строительства

Surface excitations and surface energy of the antiferromagnetic XXZ chain by the Bethe ansatz approach

We study boundary bound states using the Bethe ansatz formalism for the open XXZ (Δ > 1) chain in a boundary magnetic field h. Boundary bound states are represented by the 'boundary strings' similar to those described in Skorik and Saleur. We find that for certain values of h the ground-state wavefunction contains boundary strings and from this infer the existence of two 'critical' fields in agreement with Jimbo et al. An expression for the vacuum surface energy in the thermodynamic limit is derived and found to be an analytic function of h. We argue that boundary excitations appear only in pairs with `bulk' excitations or with boundary excitations at the other end of the chain. We mainly discuss the case where the magnetic fields at the left and the right boundaries are antiparallel, but we also comment on the case of parallel fields. In the Ising (Δ = ∞) and isotropic (Δ = 0) limits our results agree with those previously known

Cobalt(II) and copper(II) complexes with carboxylic acids, imidazole, and 2-methylimidazole

The compositions of [MIm(MeIm)x]L complexes synthesized by the reaction of cobalt(II) and copper(II) fumarates ML · nH2O with imidazole (Im) and 2-methylimidazole (MeIm) were determined. The thermal decomposition of the salts was analyzed, and the pyridine nitrogen atom of imidazole and the oxygen atoms of carboxyl anions were shown to participate in complexation using electronic absorption spectra and IR spectra. The composition and stability of cobalt(II) and copper(II) imidazolatesuccinate complexes in an aqueous solution were determined photometrically and spectrophotometrically, and their higher stability in comparison with monoligand complexes was demonstrated

Boundary bound states and boundary bootstrap in the sine-Gordon model with Dirichlet boundary conditions.

We present a complete study of boundary bound states and related boundary S-matrices for the sine-Gordon model with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Our approach is based partly on the bootstrap procedure, and partly on the explicit solution of the inhomogeneous XXZ model with boundary magnetic field and of the boundary Thirring model. We identify boundary bound states with new ``boundary strings'' in the Bethe ansatz. The boundary energy is also computed.Comment: 25 pages, harvmac macros Report USC-95-001

Effect of Double Substitution in Cationic Chitosan Derivatives on DNA Transfection Efficiency

Recently, much effort has been expended on the development of non-viral gene delivery systems based on polyplexes of nucleic acids with various cationic polymers. Natural polysaccharide derivatives are promising carriers due to their low toxicity. In this work, chitosan was chemically modified by a reaction with 4-formyl-n,n,n-trimethylanilinium iodide and pyridoxal hydrochloride and subsequent reduction of the imine bond with NaBH4. This reaction yielded three novel derivatives, n-[4-(n',n',n'-trimethylammonium)benzyl]chitosan chloride (TMAB-CS), n-[(3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridine)methyl]chitosan chloride (Pyr-CS), and n-[4-(n',n',n''-trimethylammonium)benzyl]-n-[(3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridine)methyl]chitosan chloride (PyrTMAB-CS). Their structures and degrees of substitution were established by H-1 NMR spectroscopy as DS1 = 0.22 for TMAB-CS, DS2 = 0.28 for Pyr-CS, and DS1 = 0.21, DS2 = 0.22 for PyrTMAB-CS. Dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the new polymers formed stable polyplexes with plasmid DNA encoding the green fluorescent protein (pEGFP-N3) and that the particles had the smallest size (110-165 nm) when the polymer:DNA mass ratio was higher than 5:1. Transfection experiments carried out in the HEK293 cell line using the polymer:DNA polyplexes demonstrated that Pyr-CS was a rather poor transfection agent at polymer:DNA mass ratios less than 10:1, but it was still more effective than the TMAB-CS and PyrTMAB-CS derivatives that contained a quaternary ammonium group. By contrast, TMAB-CS and PyrTMAB-CS were substantially more effective than Pyr-CS at higher polymer:DNA mass ratios and showed a maximum efficiency at 200:1 (50%-70% transfected cells). Overall, the results show the possibility of combining substituent effects in a single carrier, thereby increasing its efficacy.Peer reviewe

q-Ultraspherical polynomials for q a root of unity

Properties of the $q$-ultraspherical polynomials for $q$ being a primitive root of unity are derived using a formalism of the $so_q(3)$ algebra. The orthogonality condition for these polynomials provides a new class of trigonometric identities representing discrete finite-dimensional analogs of $q$-beta integrals of Ramanujan.Comment: 7 pages, LATE

The methodology for calculating the interval of the shortwave radio link frequency correlation with the sphericity and smallscale inhomogeneities of the ionosphere

The paper suggests the methodology for calculating the interval of the fading frequency correlation in the shortwave radio link with one discrete beam and its diffuse scattering. This methodology takes into account the effect of the sphericity and small-scale inhomogeneities of the ionosphere reflecting laye

Exact non-equilibrium current from the partition function for impurity transport problems

We study the partition functions of quantum impurity problems in the domain of complex applied bias for its relation to the non-equilibrium current suggested by Fendley, Lesage and Saleur (cond-mat/9510055). The problem is reformulated as a certain generalization of the linear response theory that accomodates an additional complex variable. It is shown that the mentioned relation holds in a rather generic case in the linear response limit, or under certain condition out of equilibrium. This condition is trivially satisfied by the quadratic Hamiltonians and is rather restrictive for the interacting models. An example is given when the condition is violated.Comment: 10 pages, RevTex. Final extended versio