257 research outputs found
Microstructure and electrical properties of thin SiC films on Si substrates of p- and n-types
ΠΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅Ρ
The article attempts to differentiate and even contrast the two different models of moral thinking and behavior. One of them considered morality as strict and even rigorist following etiquette - rules, rituals, commandments, laws, canons. Breach of the etiquette or neglecting it is considered unethical, a manifestation of immorality, wickedness. Thus, etiquette and morality are identified. Such a conception of morality results from the ethical paradigm of Aristotle. But there is another, opposite paradigm - the ethics of Kant, in which morality is understood not as a form of behavior, but as an ontological entity. And in this (Kantian) moral paradigm etiquette has only to a service value.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ - Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠΌ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΡ ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ° - ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π. ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠ°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ (ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ) Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
Dibenzo[ f,h]furazano[3,4- b]quinoxalines: Synthesis by Intramolecular Cyclization through Direct Transition Metal-Free C-H Functionalization and Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Charge Mobility Characterization
Herein, we describe the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted dibenzo[f,h]furazano[3,4-b]quinoxalines by intramolecular cyclization through direct transition metal-free C-H functionalization. The electrochemical and photophysical properties for several polycycles have been measured. In thin films of the dibenzo[f,h]furazano[3,4-b]quinoxalines, hole mobility is in the order of 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1. The results show that the HOMO and LUMO energy levels are appropriate for using the compounds as hole-transport materials in thin-film devices, in particular, organic and perovskite solar cells. Copyright Β© 2020 American Chemical Society.Russian Foundation for Basic Research,Β RFBR: 18-33-00103-mol_aRussian Science Foundation,Β RSF: 18-13-00409The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 18-13-00409). Y.A.K would like to acknowledge the financial support for the part of the synthetic section from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (research project no. 18-33-00103-mol_a). The authors are grateful to Grigory A. Kim for carrying out the DFT calculations, which were performed by using βUranβ supercomputer of the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. NMR experiments were carried out by using equipment of the Center for Joint Use βSpectroscopy and Analysis of Organic Compoundsβ at the Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
ΠΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π.Π. Π Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°
The article discusses the cosmic worldview N.K. Roerich's philosophical doctrine Living Ethics and its role in the spiritual and moral, cultural transformation and human development, and the relationship of Personal Progress and outer universe and search for conformities between the problems of morality and the laws of the outer space.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π.Π. Π Π΅ΡΠΈΡ
Π°, ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎ-Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ°
Cryptic Diversity in Paramecium multimicronucleatum Revealed with a Polyphasic Approach
Paramecium (Ciliophora) systematics is well studied, and about twenty morphological species have been described. The morphological species may include several genetic species. How-ever, molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the species diversity within Paramecium could be even higher and has raised a problem of cryptic species whose statuses remain uncertain. In the present study, we provide the morphological and molecular characterization of two novel Paramecium species. While Paramecium lynni n. sp., although morphologically similar to P. multimicronucleatum, is phylogenetically well separated from all other Paramecium species, Paramecium fokini n. sp. appears to be a cryptic sister species to P. multimicronucleatum. The latter two species can be distinguished only by molecular methods. The number and structure of micronuclei, traditionally utilized to discriminate species in Paramecium, vary not only between but also within each of the three studied species and, thus, cannot be considered a reliable feature for species identification. The geographic distribution of the P. multimicronucleatum and P. fokini n. sp. strains do not show defined patterns, still leaving space for a role of the geographic factor in initial speciation in Paramecium. Future findings of new Paramecium species can be predicted from the molecular data, while morphological characteristics appear to be unstable and overlapping at least in some species
The change in the inclination angle of the non-eclipsing binary SS Lacertae: future eclipses
Eclipses in the 14.4-day period double-lined binary SS Lac were observed
photographically and visually early in the 20th century, but stopped some 50 or
60 years ago. This has been explained by the presence of a distant third star
in the system, which has now been detected spectroscopically with a period of
679 days. The plane of the orbit of the binary is changing relative to the line
of sight in response to perturbations from this third object. A recent analysis
by Milone et al. (M00) of all photometric material available for the system,
including a re-measurement of original Harvard plates, has confirmed earlier
reports of changes in the depth of the eclipses as a function of time, which
are due to the third star. In this paper we discuss our detailed analysis of
the eclipse amplitude measurements, and extract from them information on the
change in the inclination angle of the binary over the last century. Our use of
a much improved ephemeris for the system by Torres & Stefanik was found to be
crucial, and prompted us to re-determine all the amplitudes from the historical
data at our disposal, including the Harvard material used by M00.
Systematically lower measurements on the branches of the minima were properly
accounted for, and we made use of both a linear approximation to the time
variation of the inclination angle and a more realistic model based on the
theory of three-body interactions ("regression of the nodes" effect). The nodal
cycle is found to be about 600 yr, within which TWO eclipse "seasons" occur,
each lasting about 100 yr. The non-eclipsing status of the system is expected
to continue until the beginning of the 23rd century.Comment: 32 pages, including figures and tables. Accepted for The Astronomical
Journal, April 200
ΠΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π² ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
.The article considers the main trends, methods and features of ethics of modern marketing in Russia, and the influence of history on its development. Also, the analysis of problems of ethical marketing in the domestic companies is carried out
On the Issue of Universal Practical Skills of Teachers of Secondary Vocational Education
Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π‘ΠΠ) Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ Π‘ΠΠ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.In the context of mass digitalization and the fourth industrial revolution, the system of secondary vocational education (SVE) in the Russian Federation is faced with the task of training specialists who are ready for future changes in the professional field. The article discusses the universal skills necessary for teachers of secondary vocational education to create an effective educational process in the preparation of blue-collar workers. The authors identify such key figures in the learning process as a teacher of theoretical training and a master of industrial training and substantiate the need for professional interaction between specialists
Assessment of the Macro-and Microelement Composition of Fly Ash from 50-Year-Old Ash Dumps in the Middle Urals (Russia)
The paper considers the macro-and micro-element composition of two ash dumps in the Middle Urals, where meadow and forest communities have been spontaneously forming for 50 years, as well as the effect of the plants on the changing composition of the ash. Higher contents of Cu, Co, Sn, Ga, and Yb were found in the deep ash layers of both dumps, while in the upper 20-cm layer, the trace element composition depended on the influence of different plant communities. Higher contents of Sr, Cr, Ni, Sn, and Co were revealed under meadows, and Ba, Zr, and La were found under the forest. The levels of element accumulation in the aboveground and underground parts of dominant plants were revealed. Increased content of Be, Ce, Ga, La, Sc, Y, and Yb was detected in areas where meadow plants were dominant and Zn and Ba in forest areas. The toxic elements Cd and Pb were highly accumulated in both communities, whereas Co was found only in meadows. The studied materials can serve as a base to assess the feasibility of processing and/or utilizing fly ash from ash dumps in the Middle Urals and similar ash dumps in other regions situated in the southern taiga. Β© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [project number 121031700309-1 in ISSA SB RAS and project number FEUZ-2021-0014 in URFU]
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