Analysis of the influence of the import substitution on the competitiveness of the agricultural production in Belgorod region

Анализ влияния импортозамещения продуктов питания на конкурентоспособность сельскохозяйственного производства в Белгородской област

Increased motor cortex excitability during motor imagery in brain-computer interface trained subjects

Background: Motor imagery (MI) is the mental performance of movement without muscle activity. It is generally accepted that MI and motor performance have similar physiological mechanisms. Purpose: To investigate the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas during MI in subjects who were previously trained with an MI-based brain-computer interface (BCI). Subjects and Methods: Eleven healthy volunteers without neurological impairments (mean age, 36 years; range: 24–68 years) were either trained with an MI-based BCI (BCI-trained, n = 5) or received no BCI training (n = 6, controls). Subjects imagined grasping in a blocked paradigm task with alternating rest and task periods. For evaluating the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas we used functional MRI and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS). Results: fMRI revealed activation in Brodmann areas 3 and 6, the cerebellum, and the thalamus during MI in all subjects. The primary motor cortex was activated only in BCI-trained subjects. The associative zones of activation were larger in non-trained subjects. During MI, motor evoked potentials recorded from two of the three targeted muscles were significantly higher only in BCI-trained subjects. The motor threshold decreased (median = 17%) during MI, which was also observed only in BCI-trained subjects. Conclusion: Previous BCI training increased motor cortex excitability during MI. These data may help to improve BCI applications, including rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy.Web of Science7art. no. 0016

Dynamics of the Free Surface of a Conducting Liquid in a Near-Critical Electric Field

Near-critical behavior of the free surface of an ideally conducting liquid in an external electric field is considered. Based on an analysis of three-wave processes using the method of integral estimations, sufficient criteria for hard instability of a planar surface are formulated. It is shown that the higher-order nonlinearities do not saturate the instability, for which reason the growth of disturbances has an explosive character.Comment: 19 page

The clinical aspects ot the sulphonylurea compounds from the position of the cardioprotective approach at patient with type 2 diabetes, using glucocardiomonitoring

BACKGRAUND: Now the trend of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) management from glucocentric to cardioprotective approach take place, and it especially relevant for the multiple group of patients with T2DM using Sulphonylurea (SU). Meanwhile the synchronized glucocardiomonitoring allowed to providing the accurate information about the cardiometabolic status of patients with T2DM.AIMS: Using the professional glucocardiomonitoring for T2DM-SU patients to investigate the relation between the glycemic variability, integral glycemic parameters and proarrhythmogenic cardiovascular events and the long-term cardiovascular outcomes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the observational (randomised for inclusion of patients) controlled trial the SU-patients with the T2DM duration 9,8±6,6 years were included, whom the professional glucocardiomonitoring had been made during 5 days and then the fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events had been investigated during 5 years. RESULTS: From 283 patients with T2DM 154 patients (the basic group) used gliclazide (original drug Diabeton MB), 129 patients (the control group) used glibenclamide. The relation between the rising of the glycemic variability and cardiovascular events (the prolongation QT interval, the ST depression (dST), ventricular arrhythmias (VAs)) were demonstrated. At the basic and the control groups the coefficient of variation (CV) was 23,0±8,1 and 30,1±10,7% respectively (p<0,001), TIR-HYPO — 0,8±2,4 and 3,5±5,4% (p<0,001), the number of glycemia differences > 4 mmol/L/hr — 2,3±3,6 and 3,5±4,3 (p=0,010), the minimal glycemia level — 4,6±1,0 and 3,9±1,4 mmol/L (p=0,001). The followed differences of cardiovascular parameters were determined: QTc — 412±24 and 423±28 ms (p=0,001), dST — 0,052 [0; 0,275] and 0,109 [0; 0,422] (ratio, p=0,012), VAs — 2,2 [0; 5,9] and 3,5 [0; 8,3] (cases/pts, p=0,008). The long-term cardiovascular outcomes from the gliclazide and glibenclamide therapy (cases/100 pts-years): the total and cardiovascular death — 0,12 [0; 1,74] and 0,76 [0; 4,62] (p=0,062), cardiovascular death -0,12 [0; 1,74] and 0,62 [0; 4,08] (p=0,122), myocardial infarction — 1,56 [0; 6,94] and 2,00 [0; 8,02] (p=0,193), stroke — 0,78 [0; 4,66] and 0,76 [0; 4,62] (p=0,169), chronic heart failure — 0,52 [0; 3,72] and 1,24 [0; 6,06] (p=0,095), MACE — 2,46 [0; 10,1] и 2,62 [0; 9,38] (p=0,095), severe hypoglycemia at home — 2,46 [0; 9,12] и 7,24 [0; 16,68] (p<0,001).CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the gliclazide (original drug Diabeton MB) administration is characterized with the better quality of glycemia control, the lower glycemic variability, the lower frequency of the SU-associated hypoglycemia, dST, VAs, the lower prolongation QTc interval. The implementation of the synchronized glucocardiomonitoring is necessary for minimization of the cardiovascular T2DM-complications and for the choice of the personalize

Innovations for diagnostics and treatment of injuries and disorders of musculoskeletal system in Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology (to the 70th anniversary of Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics)

The article summarizes experience and achievements of Irkutsk Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (now - Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology) over a 70-year period. The development of new methods of diagnostics and treatment and organization of health care for patients with traumatological and orthopedic pathology are highly influenced by the Institute. The team of Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology developed a new promising direction of combined tension-band osteosynthesis, substantiated organ-sparing endoprosthesis replacement, created new technologies of treatment of chronic osteomyelitis, developed concept of treatment of spinal trauma and spinal cord injuries, determined regularities of cross-system organization of physiological functions at the musculoskeletal system pathology, created original technologies and instruments for the treatment of musculoskeletal system traumas and disorders. Innovations created in ISCST include 330 patents. Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology was awarded Governor's Award in Science and Technics for the development and introduction in clinical medicine of new diagnostic and treatment methods and of candidate medicines in 2012 and 2013

The Scientific Advisory board resolution: Implementation of intermittently scanned Continuous Glucose monitoring in clinical practice to improve glycemic control

The Scientific Advisory Board chaired by Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Peterkova V.A. was held 26 of November in Moscow to discuss the possibilities of continuous glucose monitoring technology (CGM) implementation into routine clinical practice in Russia in order to improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).The main aims for Advisory board were to determine the most significant indicators and parameters for CGM to be implemented in practice from a practical point of view of LMWH, necessary for implementation in clinical practice, for different patients groups with diabetes.The following questions and topics were raised within the discussion: the importance of additional indicators beyond glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for glycemic control assessment in diabetes patients, CGM positioning in International and Russian clinical guidelines, the accuracy of CGM devises and approaches to its assessment, the role of education programs for diabetic patients, including trainings in correct use and data interpretation and analysis of CGM data obtained, clinical evidence analysis for CGM in randomized trials and real world evidence