A general formula of the effective potential in 5D SU(N) gauge theory on orbifold

We show a general formula of the one loop effective potential of the 5D SU(N) gauge theory compactified on an orbifold, $S^1/Z_2$. The formula shows the case when there are fundamental, (anti-)symmetric tensor and adjoint representational bulk fields. Our calculation method is also applicable when there are bulk fields belonging to higher dimensional representations. The supersymmetric version of the effective potential with Scherk-Schwarz breaking can be obtained straightforwardly. We also show some examples of effective potentials in SU(3), SU(5) and SU(6) models with various boundary conditions, which are reproduced by our general formula.Comment: 22 pages;minor corrections;references added;typos correcte

Exact location of the multicritical point for finite-dimensional spin glasses: A conjecture

We present a conjecture on the exact location of the multicritical point in the phase diagram of spin glass models in finite dimensions. By generalizing our previous work, we combine duality and gauge symmetry for replicated random systems to derive formulas which make it possible to understand all the relevant available numerical results in a unified way. The method applies to non-self-dual lattices as well as to self dual cases, in the former case of which we derive a relation for a pair of values of multicritical points for mutually dual lattices. The examples include the +-J and Gaussian Ising spin glasses on the square, hexagonal and triangular lattices, the Potts and Z_q models with chiral randomness on these lattices, and the three-dimensional +-J Ising spin glass and the random plaquette gauge model.Comment: 27 pages, 3 figure

Visibility diagrams and experimental stripe structure in the quantum Hall effect

We analyze various properties of the visibility diagrams that can be used in the context of modular symmetries and confront them to some recent experimental developments in the Quantum Hall Effect. We show that a suitable physical interpretation of the visibility diagrams which permits one to describe successfully the observed architecture of the Quantum Hall states gives rise naturally to a stripe structure reproducing some of the experimental features that have been observed in the study of the quantum fluctuations of the Hall conductance. Furthermore, we exhibit new properties of the visibility diagrams stemming from the structure of subgroups of the full modular group.Comment: 8 pages in plain TeX, 7 figures in a single postscript fil

Language of Lullabies: The Russification and De-Russification of the Baltic States

This article argues that the laws for promotion of the national languages are a legitimate means for the Baltic states to establish their cultural independence from Russia and the former Soviet Union

Towards 5D Grand Unification without SUSY Flavor Problem

We consider the renormalization group approach to the SUSY flavor problem in the supersymmetric SU(5) model with one extra dimension. In higher dimensional SUSY gauge theories, it has been recently shown that power corrections due to the Kaluza-Klein states of gauge fields run the soft masses generated at the orbifold fixed point to flavor conserving values in the infra-red limit. In models with GUT breaking at the brane where the GUT scale can be larger than the compactification scale, we show that the addition of a bulk Higgs multiplet, which is necessary for the successful unification, is compatible with the flavor universality achieved at the compactification scale.Comment: JHEP style file of 35 pages with 3 figures, Version to appear in JHE

Chiral bosonization for non-commutative fields

A model of chiral bosons on a non-commutative field space is constructed and new generalized bosonization (fermionization) rules for these fields are given. The conformal structure of the theory is characterized by a level of the Kac-Moody algebra equal to $(1+ \theta^2)$ where $\theta$ is the non-commutativity parameter and chiral bosons living in a non-commutative fields space are described by a rational conformal field theory with the central charge of the Virasoro algebra equal to 1. The non-commutative chiral bosons are shown to correspond to a free fermion moving with a speed equal to $c^{\prime} = c \sqrt{1+\theta^2}$ where $c$ is the speed of light. Lorentz invariance remains intact if $c$ is rescaled by $c \to c^{\prime}$. The dispersion relation for bosons and fermions, in this case, is given by $\omega = c^{\prime} | k|$.Comment: 16 pages, JHEP style, version published in JHE

On the Thermodynamics of Simple Non-Isentropic Perfect Fluids in General Relativity

We examine the consistency of the thermodynamics of irrotational and non-isentropic perfect fluids complying with matter conservation by looking at the integrability conditions of the Gibbs-Duhem relation. We show that the latter is always integrable for fluids of the following types: (a) static, (b) isentropic (admits a barotropic equation of state), (c) the source of a spacetime for which $r\ge 2$, where $r$ is the dimension of the orbit of the isometry group. This consistency scheme is tested also in two large classes of known exact solutions for which $r< 2$, in general: perfect fluid Szekeres solutions (classes I and II). In none of these cases, the Gibbs-Duhem relation is integrable, in general, though specific particular cases of Szekeres class II (all complying with $r<2$) are identified for which the integrability of this relation can be achieved. We show that Szekeres class I solutions satisfy the integrability conditions only in two trivial cases, namely the spherically symmetric limiting case and the Friedman-Roberson-Walker (FRW) cosmology. Explicit forms of the state variables and equations of state linking them are given explicitly and discussed in relation to the FRW limits of the solutions. We show that fixing free parameters in these solutions by a formal identification with FRW parameters leads, in all cases examined, to unphysical temperature evolution laws, quite unrelated to those of their FRW limiting cosmologies.Comment: 29 pages, Plain.Te