Treatment of injured with severe polytrauma in a trauma center

The article deals the importance of providing primary delivery of emergency victims from the scene of the accident by specialized emergency medical teams to the trauma center of the 2nd and the 3rd levels. The results of a retrospective study of patients are presented.В статье изучена значимость оказания первичной доставкитяжелых пострадавших с места происшествия специализированными бригадамискорой медицинской помощи в травмоцентры 2-го и 3-го уровня. Представленырезультаты ретроспективного исследования пациентов

Pulmonary placental transmogrification.

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of lung placentation, this problem is poorly studied and requires further research. The article summarizes the material of domestic and foreign scientific publications on the topic over the past five years. Comparison was literature data with own research data. In the article was analyzed the various views of researches on placental changes of the lung tissue, and also considers the real clinical cases of «placental transmogrification» from various lung diseases in different age groups of patients.Статья посвящена феномену плацентоподобной трансформации легкого, данная проблема мало изучена и требует дальнейших исследований. Обобщен материал отечественных и зарубежных научных изданий по исследуемой теме за последние пять лет. Произведено сравнение литературных данных с данными собственного исследования. В статье проанализированы различные взгляды исследователей на плацентоподобные изменения легочной ткани, а также рассмотрены реальные клинические случаи «плацентоподобной трансформации» ассоциированные с различными заболеваниями легких у разных возрастных групп пациентов

Hygienic assessment of nutrition of women outside and during pregnancy

This study showed that in the nutrition of girls of the reproductive period there are significant deviations from hygiene standards. The study draws attention to the need for more careful monitoring of the nutrition of expectant mothers in order to maintain the health of newbornsДанное исследование показало, что в питании девушек репродуктивного периода имеются существенные отклонения от гигиенических норм. Исследование обращает внимание на необходимость более тщательного контроля за питанием будущих мам в целях сохранения здоровья новорожденны

Evaluluation of risk factors for the development of uterine fibroids in patients with a history of pregnancy and without, for whom surgical treatment of the tumor is indicated

The article describes a study evaluating the factors of development of uterine fibroids in patients with a history of pregnancy and without, who are shown surgical treatment of the tumor. The study included 45 women of average reproductive age 31-43 years. The participants were consistently stratified into two groups: women with uterine myoma requiring surgical treatment, who have a history of pregnancy; women with uterine myoma requiring surgical treatment, who have no history of pregnancy. In patients with uterine fibroids requiring surgical treatment, childbirth occurred in 68 % of cases, miscarriage in 18 % of cases, and medical abortions in 38.5 % of cases. Risk factors for the development of uterine fibroids, regardless of the presence of pregnancy in the anamnesis: obesity (more than 30) and the beginning of sexual activity before the age of 18В статье описывается исследование, оценивающее факторы развития миомы матки у пациенток с беременностью в анамнезе и без, которым показано хирургическое лечение опухли. В исследование включили 45 женщин среднего репродуктивного возраста 31-43 лет. Участниц последовательно стратифицировали в две группы: женщины, больные миомой матки, требующей оперативного лечения, у которых есть беременность в анамнезе; женщины с миомой матки, требующей оперативного лечения, в анамнезе у которых нет ни одной беременности. У пациенток с миомой матки, требующей оперативного лечения, роды встречались в 68 % случаев, невынашивание беременности в 18 % случаев, медицинские аборты в 38,5 % случаев. Факторы риска для развития миомы матки вне зависимости от наличия беременности в анамнезе: ожирение (ИМТ более 30) и начало половой жизни до 18 ле

Esthesioneuroblastoma: clinical course, long-term results of treatment

This rare tumor from a group of neuroendocrine neoplasms was studied. The material for the study was the data of 78 patients with esthesioneuroblastoma who had been treated and followed up at the N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center in the period 1965 to 2014. Information on hospital statistics, clinical features, methods, and treatment results were presented. The possibilities of using the TNM classification for the nasal cavity, ethmoidal sinuses, and nasopharynx were assessed to determine the anatomic extent of primary tumor. The findings contribute to the solution of problems in the diagnosis and treatment of esthesioneuroblastoma at the present stage

Web Based Postgraduate Thesis/Dessertation System - A Prototype

With the advancement of information communication technology in Malaysia, education field should take advantage to upgrade their learning and management techniques. Students should be allowed to learn anytime, anywhere and at their own place. However administration and lecture should be able to manage their work more effective and flexible. The web-based system is effective way to learning and managing education works. This report outlines the development of a web-based postgraduate thesis/dissertation management system (WPTS), which aimed to assist thesis/dissertation administration, supervisor and students in the better integration during students doing the thesis/dissertation works. This prototype system base on case study with a group of MSC(IT), administration, lecturer and students who participate in thesis/dissertation management activities. This report also presenting the tests conducted with users, it also contributed some perspective regarding benefits that gain by administration, supervisor and students, and recommends future application of the approach

Chronic heart failure: clinical and laboratory parallels

The significance of the study of the level of cerebral natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the clinical assessment of the stage and course of chronic heart failure was studied in the article. The results of a comparative analysis of patient data are presented.В статье изучена значимость исследования уровня мозгового натрийуретического пептида (NT-proBNP) в клинической оценке стадии и течения хронической сердечной недостаточности. Представлены результаты сравнительного анализа данных пациентов

Tenascin-C as a cardiovascular marker

Novel biological markers, such as fibrosis marker galectin-3, peptide hormone adrenomedullin, soluble ST2, chemokine CX3CL1, surrogate marker of vasopressin, and others, are every year one step closer to being introduced into health practice. Over the past decades, significant progress has been made in the study of cardiovascular biomarkers. A key moment was the introduction of deter mining the concentration of natriuretic peptides used as markers for the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of patients with heart failure. Currently, in order to search for novel markers for early diagnosis and risk stratification, studies have been conducted on the analysis of promising inflammatory marker tenascin-C (TNC) in cardiovascular patients. Data have been obtained that allow us to consider TNC as a tool for risk stratification and assessment of cardiovascular disease prognosis. The combination of TNC with other biological markers, in particular brain natriuretic peptide, may improve prognostic power. Nevertheless, serial testing to assess the prognosis and effectiveness of ongoing treatment, including in the conditions of a multimarker model, requires further research

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is a promising biological marker of heart failure

Introduction. Currently, the search and study of new biological markers that can help early diagnosis of heart failure, serve as a laboratory tool for assessing the effectiveness of therapy, be a predictive marker of possible adverse clinical outcomes and a significant criterion for risk stratification is very relevant. While cardiospecific markers, including natriuretic peptides, their precursors, and highly sensitive troponins, are widely used in clinical practice, the need to use other markers does not have sufficient evidence. aspect of a biological marker of heart failure.Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is an enzyme localized on the outer side of cell membranes and involved in the metabolism of glutathione and cysteine. This enzyme is a dimeric glycoprotein (68 kDa), consisting of 2 subunits – a large and a small (46 and 22 kDa). Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is encoded by a multigene family consisting of at least 7 different genes located on chromosome 22; however, only 1 of these genes is involved in the formation of a functional enzyme. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was found in all cells except erythrocytes. There is a significant variability in enzyme activity, which is especially high in tissues with a secretory and absorptive function, such as the kidneys, biliary tract, intestines, and epididymis.Purpose of the review is to present an overview of current publications devoted to the study of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in the aspect of a biological marker of heart failure.Materials and methods. The analysis of literature sources (foreign and domestic articles) was carried out in the databases: PubMed, RSCI, MedLine, Google Scholar, Science Direct. The search was performed according to the following keywords: biological markers, heart failure, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, biological markers, heart failure, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase.Results. In addition to its clinical use as a test for liver disease, biliary tract disease, and alcohol abuse, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase is of great interest because of its association with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. In the literature available to us, we found a small number of works devoted to the study of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in patients with heart failure. In the review, we have presented data from experimental and clinical studies indicating a clear link between γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and heart failure. The pathogenetic mechanism of the possible relationship between γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and heart failure is not completely clear. The localization of this enzyme in tissues with a transport function has led to the assumption that it is involved in the transport of amino acids through the γ-glutamyl cycle.Conclusion. Further deeper understanding of the structure and function of the enzyme is needed, as well as future clinical studies to determine the diagnostic, prognostic and possibly therapeutic significance of this biological marker

Динамика и пространственное распределение снегозапасов в крупном городе в бассейне Волги (на примере Нижнего Новгорода)

Processes of formation and melting of snow cover in large cities remain poorly studied, for example, one of those is Nizhny Novgorod, the largest city in the Volga River basin. Using the relationship between the amount of precipitation, falling over the cold season, and the snow storage, formed on the whole territory of the city, that was built taking account of the influence of thaws, a continuous series of values of the snow water equivalent (snow storage) for the time of the snowmelt beginning was restored for the period 1965– 2019. Thaws were taken into account through the use of the sums of positive air temperatures for the cold period, calculated for each individual year of observation. During the period under consideration, the maximum snow storage occurred in 2011, while the minimum – in 1998; and it was close to the average value in 1973. Field snow-measuring surveys in the city and its environs, carried out in 2020, showed that the classical notion of the snow-storm transport is not true in the urban landscapes rather than in the environs. The use of the results of field snow surveys performed in different parts of the city in 2021, as well as the statistical characteristics of the above series of snow storage values, allowed estimating the distribution of the snow water equivalent in catchments of six small rivers in the city Nizhny Novgorod. The assessment is detailed for different types of urban landscapes and for years of different snow conditions, including the extreme ones.На основе метеорологических характеристик (включая данные о зимних оттепелях) восстановлены отсутствующие значения в ряду снегозапасов на начало весеннего снеготаяния в г. Нижний Новгород с 1965 по 2019 г. Оценена однородность этого ряда с помощью критериев Фишера и Стьюдента, рассчитаны основные статистические характеристики, а также определена теоретическая функция распределения вероятностей, удовлетворительно аппроксимирующая эмпирическую кривую вероятностей снегозапасов. С использованием результатов полевых снегомерных работ, выполненных в разных частях города в 2021 г., а также статистических характеристик многолетнего ряда снегозапасов на начало весеннего снеготаяния оценено пространственное распределение запаса воды в снежном покрове для шести водосборов малых рек города, в том числе и для расположенных в их пределах территорий с различным видом подстилающей поверхности для каждого года исследуемого ряда