DPRAODV: A Dynamic Learning System Against Blackhole Attack In AODV Based MANET

Security is an essential requirement in mobile ad hoc networks to provide protected communication between mobile nodes. Due to unique characteristics of MANETS, it creates a number of consequential challenges to its security design. To overcome the challenges, there is a need to build a multifence security solution that achieves both broad protection and desirable network performance. MANETs are vulnerable to various attacks, blackhole, is one of the possible attacks. Black hole is a type of routing attack where a malicious node advertise itself as having the shortest path to all nodes in the environment by sending fake route reply. By doing this, the malicious node can deprive the traffic from the source node. It can be used as a denial-of-service attack where it can drop the packets later. In this paper, we proposed a DPRAODV (Detection, Prevention and Reactive AODV) to prevent security threats of blackhole by notifying other nodes in the network of the incident. The simulation results in ns2 (ver-2.33) demonstrate that our protocol not only prevents blackhole attack but consequently improves the overall performance of (normal) AODV in presence of black hole attack

Rothia prosthetic knee joint infection

Rothia species — Gram-positive pleomorphic bacteria that are part of the normal oral and respiratory flora — are commonly associated with dental cavities and periodontal disease although systemic infections have been described. We describe a 53-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by prosthetic knee joint infection due to Rothia species, which was successfully treated by surgical removal of prosthesis and prolonged antimicrobial therapy. The issue of antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures among patients with prosthetic joint replacements is discussed

Limit points in the free inflation of a magnetoelastic toroidal membrane

One common phenomenon native to inflation of membranes is the elastic limit-point instability–a bifurcation point at which the membrane begins to deform enormously at the slightest increase of pressure. In the case of magnetoelastic materials, there is another possible phenomenon which we call magnetic limit-point instability, a state referring to the non-existence of an equilibrium state –either stable or unstable. In this work, we are concerned with such instabilities in an incompressible isotropic magnetoelastic toroidal membrane with an initial circular cross-section. A non-uniform magnetic field is generated using a circular current carrying loop placed inside the membrane in addition to inflation by a uniform hydrostatic pressure. An energy formulation based on magnetization is used to model the magneto-mechanical coupling along with a Mooney-Rivlin constitutive model for the elastic strain energy density. Computations show that the magnetic field strongly influences the location of elastic limit points and in some cases can cause them to vanish. Multiple equilibrium states are obtained as solutions of the governing equations and a criterion based on second variation is employed to determine their stability. Existence and dependence of magnetic limit point on the magnetic field is demonstrated. While the quantitative results obtained here are specific to the toroidal geometry, the deformation behaviour can be generalised to any magnetoelastic membrane

Scaling of entanglement entropy at quantum critical points in random spin chains

We study the scaling properties of the entanglement entropy (EE) near quantum critical points in interacting random antiferromagnetic (AF) spin chains. Using density-matrix renormalization group, we compute the half-chain EE near the topological phase transition between Haldane and Random Singlet phases in a disordered spin-1 chain. It is found to diverge logarithmically in system size with an effective central charge $c_{\rm eff} = 1.17(4)$ at the quantum critical point (QCP). Moreover, a scaling analysis of EE yields the correlation length exponent $\nu=2.28(5)$. Our unbiased calculation establishes that the QCP is in the universality class of the infinite-randomness fixed point predicted by previous studies based on strong disorder renormalization group technique. However, in the disordered spin-1/2 Majumdar-Ghosh chain, where a valence bond solid phase is unstable to disorder, the crossover length exponent obtained from a scaling analysis of EE disagrees with the expectation based on Imry-Ma argument. We provide a possible explanation.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. v2: added references, minor revision

Nanomechanical Characterization of Indium Nano/Microwires

Nanomechanical properties of indium nanowires like structures fabricated on quartz substrate by trench template technique, measured using nanoindentation. The hardness and elastic modulus of wires were measured and compared with the values of indium thin film. Displacement burst observed while indenting the nanowire. ‘Wire-only hardness’ obtained using Korsunsky model from composite hardness. Nanowires have exhibited almost same modulus as indium thin film but considerable changes were observed in hardness value

Isn’t Limb as Precious as Life?

As utilisation of peripheral extra-corporeal life support (ECLS) is becoming clinical routine, its associated complications become more frequent. Distal limb perfusion in femoral cannulation remains one of the Achille’s heels in patients with peripheral ECLS. Unless detected early, limb ischemia may result in loss of limb and sometimes life. A protocol-based approach, precautions during ECLS implantation and explantation procedures and continuous monitoring of the limb during ECLS support are key elements in preventing this complication. Utilisation of a distal limb perfusion cannula helps in prevention as well as management of limb ischemia; however, it may sometimes cause more damage than help. Management and consequence of limb ischemia essentially depends on its severity at the time of detection as well as time of intervention. This chapter offers a brief review of the burden of limb ischemia, means to prevent and approaches to manage it

Cross-Lingual Classification of Crisis Data

Many citizens nowadays flock to social media during crises to share or acquire the latest information about the event. Due to the sheer volume of data typically circulated during such events, it is necessary to be able to efficiently filter out irrelevant posts, thus focusing attention on the posts that are truly relevant to the crisis. Current methods for classifying the relevance of posts to a crisis or set of crises typically struggle to deal with posts in different languages, and it is not viable during rapidly evolving crisis situations to train new models for each language. In this paper we test statistical and semantic classification approaches on cross-lingual datasets from 30 crisis events, consisting of posts written mainly in English, Spanish, and Italian. We experiment with scenarios where the model is trained on one language and tested on another, and where the data is translated to a single language. We show that the addition of semantic features extracted from external knowledge bases improve accuracy over a purely statistical model

Ayurvedic measures to minimize need of Hysterectomy

Menopause is not just cessation of menstruation; it is depletion of ovarian follicles leading to decrease in ovarian hormones. A woman who has undergone hysterectomy but retains her ovaries will experience cessation of menstruation and not oestrogen deficiency syndrome just after it. In such cases the depletion of oocytes would occur earlier and thus women will perceive menopausal changes earlier than natural menopause. It shows that hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy leads to surgical menopause. Many times hysterectomy is done for such conditions which can be treated by medicines. In modern science, as there is no certain treatment for some diseases and the recurrences occur, hysterectomy becomes the solution. Ayurveda has mentioned such therapies which act locally as well as systemically and arrest the disease to get advanced or relapsed