Behavioral disturbances induced in rats via the intranigral injection of leptin

Introduction: Leptin action on brain structures might be helpful for better understanding of mechanism of this hormone neurotropic effects realization. Experiments have been carried out on Wistar rats (250-320 g) with the help of the EEG-, actometry recording and "open field" indices registration after microinjection of leptin (5-50 ng) into reticular part of substantia nigra (SNR). Besides, severity of picrtoxon-induced generalized seizures (2 mg/kg, i.p.) have been estimated after intra-SNR leptin administration. It was shown that bilateral intraSNR leptin injection (50 ng) resulted in oligo-akinesia, muscle tonus enhancement, decrease of wakefulness period and increase of deep slow-wave sleep and paradoxal sleep. Unilateral leptin administration (5; 25 and 50 ng) into SNR resulted in the appearance of dosedependent contralateral circlings, which were blocked by naloxone (1.0 mg/kg). Haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) caused the potentiation on keeping of uncomfortable position in animals with bilateral intraSNR leptin administration, while naloxone (1.0 mg/kg) markedly reduced this index. Analogous leptin intrastriatal injection failed to induce the same behavioral disturbances. Intranigral leptin administration was followed by decreasing of seizure susceptibility to i.p. picrotoxin administration (2,0 mg/kg)

Search for axioelectric effect of 5.5 MeV solar axions using BGO detectors

A search for axioelectric absorption of solar axions produced in the $p + d \rightarrow {^3\rm{He}}+\gamma (5.5 \rm{MeV})$ reactions has been performed with a BGO detector placed in a low-background setup. A model-independent limit on an axion-nucleon and axion-electron coupling constant has been obtained: $| g_{Ae}\times g_{AN}^3|< 2.9\times 10^{-9}$ for 90% confidence level. The constrains of the axion-electron coupling have been obtained for hadronic axion with masses in (0.1 - 1) MeV range: $|g_{Ae}| \leq (1.4 - 9.7)\times 10^{-7}$.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, to be published in EPJ C. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1007.338

Search for solar axions produced by Compton process and bremsstrahlung using the resonant absorption and axioelectric effect

The search for resonant absorption of Compton and bremsstrahlung solar axions by $^{169}$Tm nuclei have been performed. Such an absorption should lead to the excitation of low-lying nuclear energy level: $A+^{169}$Tm $\rightarrow ^{169}$Tm$^*$ $\rightarrow ^{169}$Tm $+ \gamma$ (8.41 keV). Additionally the axio-electric effect in silicon atoms is sought. The axions are detected using a Si(Li) detectors placed in a low-background setup. As a result, a new model independent restrictions on the axion-electron and the axion-nucleon coupling: $g_{Ae}\times|g^0_{AN}+ g^3_{AN}|\leq 2.1\times10^{-14}$ and the axion-electron coupling constant: $|g_{Ae}| \leq 2.2\times 10^{-10}$ has been obtained. The limits leads to the bounds $m_{A}\leq$ 7.9 eV and $m_{A}\leq$ 1.3 keV for the mass of the axion in the DFSZ and KSVZ models, respectively ($90\%$ C.L.).Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, contributed to the 9th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs, Mainz, June 24-28, 201

Anxiolytic and antidepressive effects of electric stimulation of the paleocerebellar cortex in pentylenetetrazol kindled rats

Anxiety and depression are component of interictal behavioral deteriorations that occur as a consequence of kindling, a procedure to induce chronic epilepsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of electrical stimulation (ES) of paleocerebellar cortex on anxiety and depressive-like behavior in a PTZ kindled epilepsy model. Kindling was induced via pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (25.0 mg/kg IP daily) during three weeks. Locomotion in open field, elevated plus-maze (EPM) and Porsolt forced swimming test have been used for the assessment of anxiety and depression-like behavior. ES (100 Hz) has been delivered to V–VII lobules of vermal cortex of kindled rats. ES of paleocerebellum reversed kindling-induced reduction of crossings of central squares, increased rearings, and decreased the number of defecations in open field. The duration that kindled animals spent in the open arms of the EPM increased in post- ES period, and the number of enterings into the closed arms of the EPM decreased. The duration of the immobility response in the swimming test in kindled rats was reduced after ESs of paleocerebellum. In all: ES of paleocerebellar structures suppressed anxious and depressive-like behavior in PTZ-kindled rats

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE NEED TO IMPLEMENT A CONTINUOUS INFORMATION SECURITY PROCESS AT ENTERPRISES

The article discusses information security in the system of an industrial enterprise. Attention is focused on the need to implement a continuous information security process to protect all information assets from leaks, theft and unauthorized disclosure, the main provisions of information security management standards are analyzed. Objective: To optimize the methods of software protection of modern industrial enterprises, as well as to reduce threats and vulnerabilities related to information security at enterprises. Method or methodology of the work: In the process of investigating the problem, analytical methods of analysis were used. Results:  The need to use ISO/IEC 27001 standards and the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) model at industrial enterprises of high-tech sectors of the economy in order to reduce threats and losses of information security, identify critical factors that negatively affect business processes and the enterprises themselves. Practical implications: The results obtained can be used as a theoretical basis for existing assessments of information security tools and automated security systems at high-tech industrial enterprises in modern economic conditions

Reaction of N-Phosphoryl(thio)amides with Stannic Chloride

N-Dialkoxyphosphinoylamides react with SnCl4 without rupture of the NH bonds to form stable 1:1 complexes. Replacement of one or both oxygen atoms in the P=O and C=O groups of these compounds by a sulfur atom changes the composition of the complexes and may result in an ionic mechanism of complexation. Nonacylated amidophosphate and thioamidophosphate form 2:1 and 1:1 complexes, respectively