Mikroorganisme Patogen dan Parasit di dalam Air Limbah Domestik Serta Alternatif Teknologi Pengolahan

Domestic waste are known to be a potential pollutant due to its\u27 organic and inorganic content. It is also harmful for society for its pathogenic microorganism contents such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasitic worms, parasitic protozoa, etc. The lack of domestic waste processing facilities is contributing to the increasing seriousness of this matter.One of the alternative ways to amend the problem is to process the waste individually or semi-communally by utilizing an aerobic-anaerobic biofilter process. Some of the advantage of utilizing this process is: easy maintenance, low operation cost, relatively lower sludge compared to the activated sludge process, can remove nitrogen and phosphorus, relatively lower air supply requirement for aeration, applicable in processing waste water with large amount of BOD and it can also remove suspended solid (SS). Results gained from experiments of the “Aerobic-Anaerobic Biofilter Combination” tool prototype, used for processing domestic waste showed that with a hydraulic retention time of 1 to 3 days and a Hydraulic re-circulation ratio (HRR) of 1, is a highly efficient process which is: BOD 84.7% - 91%, COD 79.6%-95.3%, SS 94.1% - 95%, Ammonia (NH4-N) 89.3%-89.8%, Detergent (MBAS) 83% - 87% and phosphate (PO4) 44,4% - 47.3%

Tinjauan Aspek Teknis Pemilihan Media Biofilter Untuk Pengolahan Air Limbah

There are literally dozens of different types of biofilters used for wastewater treatment applications. While many have common features, some are fundamentally different from the rest. The purpose of this article is to educate the reader about the types of packings used for fixed film biofilters.The types of biofilters under discussion are filters that employ a non-moving surface area to provide a substrate for various bacteria to attach and grow. The substrate remains in place while the water flows through the system. The heart of these biofilters is the packing or media used to provide the surface area. The type of packing used strongly influences both the capital and operating costs of the biofilter. It is important to emphasize however, that the packing merely provides surface area for bacteria to colonize. It is the bacteria that do the actual work of the biofilter. In order for the bacteria to do their job effectively, the biofilter and packing design must provide an even distribution of nutrients and oxygen while removing dissolved and suspended waste products. Most biofilters utilize aerobic bacteria but it is also possible to design and operate anaerobic systems for special purposes. Various types of packings exist for fixed film biological filters. Each different type has advantages and disadvantages but in terms of overall cost and suitability, the structured packings are the best choice for commercial biofilter designs

Improving quality of dermatologic surgery: from different points of view

This thesis showcases multiple aspects to improve dermatologic surgery and is divided in three parts. In the first part, research is conducted measuring forces in dermatologic surgery such as suturing techniques and skin tension. Various devices are used to examine the pulling force needed to close sutures and to determine the most ideal skin orientation for an excision. In the second part, results from perioperative topics are shown. Circular excisions are made on the lower limb to determine the effect on dog-ear formation which regress spontaneously. A review is conducted on which tie-over technique for full-thickness grafts has the best graft take. Both tie-over and no tie-over techniques show high success rates. Risk factors for incomplete excision of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas are analyzed and tumor depth beyond the dermis is an important risk factor. In the last part, the impact of facial skin surgery has been investigated using patient-reported outcome measurements. Facial skin surgery does not affect quality of life after a 1-year follow-up period. LUMC / Geneeskund

The Distance Irregular Reflexive k-Labeling of Graphs

A total k-labeling is a function fe from the edge set to the set {1, 2, . . . , ke} and a function fv from the vertex set to the set {0, 2, 4, . . . , 2kv}, where k = max{ke, 2kv}. A distance irregular reflexive k-labeling of the graph G is the total k-labeling, if for every two different vertices u and u 0 of G, w(u) 6= w(u 0 ), where w(u) = Σui∈N(u)fv(ui) + Σuv∈E(G)fe(uv). The minimum k for graph G which has a distance irregular reflexive k-labelling is called distance reflexive strength of the graph G, denoted by Dref (G). In this paper, we determine the exact value of distance reflexive strength of some connected graphs, namely path, star, and friendship graph

Palladium-induced granulomas analysed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Dermatology-oncolog

Patient-reported outcome measurements in facial skin surgery and a comparison between Mohs micrographic surgery and conventional excisions

Background: Knowledge of the psychosocial impact of facial skin surgery on  patients can help improve counselling strategies.Objectives: The  objective  was  to  measure  the  psychological  impact  of  facial  skin  cancer  surgery  on  patients  over  a  1-year  period.  Secondary  objective  was  to  meas-ure  the  difference  between  Mohs  micrographic  surgery  (MMS)  and  conventional  excision (CE) on these parameters.Methods: This observational survey study was conducted between March 2019 and July 2020. Patients who had facial skin surgery using MMS or CE were selected. Five surveys  were  conducted  on  four  timepoints  (preoperative,  1  week,  3  months  and  1   year  post-operative)  measuring  the  quality  of  life,  perceived  stigmatization,  body  image, satisfaction with facial appearance and psychosocial distress.Results: A total of 228 patients (MMS 154 patients, CE 74 patients) were included for the analysis. Scores for quality of life did not significantly change, in the year after surgery (PCS-12 mean 50.5, SD 9.3 and MCS-12 50.6, SD 9.4); however, stigmatiza-tion (F (3, 235,39) 7,26, p </p

Tissue-Sparing Excision for Skin Lesions Located on the Lower Limb

Dermatology-oncolog

Tunneled transposition flap for conchal defect

Dermatology-oncolog

Challenging Repair of a Helical Rim Defect

Dermatology-oncolog

On Local Antimagic b-Coloring and Its Application for STGNN Time Series Forecasting on Horizontal Farming

This article discusses a local antimagic coloring which is a combination between antimagic labeling and coloring. It is a new notion. We define a vertex weight of  as  where  is the set of edges incident to . The bijection  is said to be a local antimagic labeling if for any two adjacent vertices, their vertex weights must be distinct. Furthermore  a coloring of a graph is a proper coloring of the vertices of  such that in each color class there exists a vertex having neighbors in all other  color classes. If we assign color on each vertex by the vertex weight  such that it induces a graph coloring satisfying coloring property, then this concept falls into a local antimagic coloring of graph. A local antimagic chromatic number, denoted by , is the maximum number of colors chosen for any colorings generated by local antimagic coloring of . In this paper we initiate to explore some new lemmas or theorems regarding to . Furthermore, to see the robust application of local antimagic coloring, at the end of this paper we will analyse the implementation of local antimagic coloring on Graph Neural Networks (GNN) multi-step time series forecasting on for NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium) concentration of companion plantations