Analisis Kearifan Lokal dan Strategi Petani Kopi dalam Pengelolaan Tanaman Kopi Ramah Lingkungan di Desa Hutagurgur Kecamatan Dolok Sanggul Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Sumatera Utara

This research aims(1) Identify the local knowledge was and is still used by the people of the coffee plant in the village of environmentally friendly Hutagurgur in dolok sanggul humbang hasundutan District of North Sumatra. (2) Determine the application of local wisdom environmentally friendly coffee plantations in the village Hutagurgur in dolok sanggul humbang hasundutan District of North Sumatra. (3) To know the strategies used by the people in the cultivation of coffee in the village Hutagurgur in dolok sanggul humbang hasundutan District of North Sumatra. This research uses a method snowball sampling technique or performed in sequence by asking for information on people who have been interviewed or contacted previously, and so on. The result showed that(1) Local wisdom undertaken coffee farmers in the village hutagurgur totaling 27 local wisdom that still exist and are not maintained. 16 local wisdom that still exist today, and 11 other local wisdom is not maintained. (2) Based on the results of the Cartesian diagram there are four quadrant explaining the importance and the power level of local knowledge. In Quadrant I stated that the level of force to demonstrate the value above the average and does not have the value of the interests of local wisdom in the village hutagurgur. In Quadrant II states that the level of interest and power on average, this shows that the farmers in the village still retains activity hutagurgur local wisdom. In Quadrant III declared that force above the average of the local knowledge and interests below the average. In Quadrant IV states that the level of interest and the strength is below average. It explains that the farmers in the village hutagurgur do not believe in things mystical. (3) Internal and External Motivation of farmers to local wisdom categorized as "good enough" with a score of 3,02 and a score of 2.98 Internal motivation for External motivation. This shows that the motivation of Internal and External gave a good response from farmers on the indicators used

Persepsi dan Ekspektasi Masyarakat terhadap Konflik dengan PTPN V di Desa Senama Nenek Kecamatan Tapung Hulu Kabupaten Kampar

The Purpose of study to determine the perceptions and expectations of society to conflict with the villagers of PTPN V Senama Nenek in the village Senama Nenek, District of Tapung Hulu, Regency of Kampar. To determine the respondents used key informants and samples. Sampling method by purposive sampling. A total of 30 people were sampled with consideration to be in the same area, the criteria of the sample in this study is that people know about conflictvillagers Senama Nenek with PTPN V data retrieval technique that is used is the survey method. The data have been obtained in the field of Qualitative Descriptive analyzed. Then conducted with respondents from making any distribution tabulation variables studied. Variable to describe people's perceptions and expectations of conflict used a Likert Scale.Research results show that: (1) Public perception of conflict understanding gentleness quite understand the category measured from the perception of the problem of understanding conflict, understanding the perception of conflict actors purposes of understanding and perception of the conflict actors; (2) the conflict gentleness community expectations on high expectations measured categories of goals, pathways thingking and agency thingking

Analisis Hubungan Toke dan Petani Sawit Pola Swadaya di Desa Pangkatan Kecamatan Pangkatan Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Provinsi Sumatera Utara

This study aimed to determine the characteristics of tauke and farmers conducted in Pangkatan Village Subdistrict Pangkatan District Labuhan Batu North Sumatera Province, analyzed the relationship of tauke conducted in Pangkatan Village Subdistrict Pangkatan District Labuhan Batu North Sumatera Province. This study was conducted in Pangkatan Village Subdistrict Pangkatan District Labuhan Batu, North Sumatera Province. The sampling method used Random Sampling. The data analysis used were descriptive analysis with the presentation of qualitative analysis. the relationship form that connected between farmers and ‘tauke' were marketing of palms oil. The farmers relied to ‘tauke' to sell their palms oil. The marketing of palms oil were not balanced, where ‘tauke' were more advantaged than the farmers. The factors caused the relationship of ‘tauke' and farmers included palms oil marketing, costs of farming, costs of consumption, costs of health, and costs of children education.while, factors of the relationship between ‘tauke' and farmers were capital factors (economic), production factors, and family factors

Persepsi Anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani terhadap Program Model Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (M-krpl) di Kabupaten Siak

The purpose of this research to know internal and external characteristic of KWT women farmers group, to know perception of KWT members toward model sustainable region food home (M -KRPL) program, to know relationship between internal and external characteristic toward perception of the KWT members, and also to know impact of the assembling successed M-KRPL program. This research was conducted in Tualang Village Tualang District Siak and SialangBaru Village LubukDalam District Siak Regency. The method used of this research was descriptive method. This research would be using sampling technic and the numbers of sample was taken by KWT members and using aquestionnaire as instrument measure data. Level of participation members measured using ordinal scale, while to answer internal and external characteristic relationship toward perception of KWT members usingKorelasiSpearman. The result figure out:(1) Perception of participation toward internal and external characteristic was categorized as “good”: (2) perception of KWT members toward M-KRPL program were categorized as “good” Siak regency: (3) Internal characteristic relationship level of education and how be longer werejoined perception of the relative profit contained as “real relationship” while external characteristic on intensity of extension worker with the perception relative profit on “real relationship“: (4) Impact of successful toward KWT members in Siak regency was categorized as “good “ on the strength of increasing expectation food model (PPH), manufacture increasing, (kinds of communities, total and quality) household expending economical

Hubungan Tingkat Keberdayaan dengan Tingkat Kemandirian Anggota Kelompoktani Program Sistem Pertanian Terpadu (Spt) PT. Rapp di Kabupaten Siak

The purpose of this research are: 1) Assessing the level of empowerment program members of farmer groups Integrated Farming Systems PT. RAPP in Siak, 2) Assess the degree of independence of members of farmers program Integrated Farming Systems PT. RAPP in Siak, 3) Knowing the empowerment level relationship with the level of independence of farmers program Integrated Farming Systems PT. RAPP in Siak. This study was conducted in Siak district, which includes three sub-districts right kerinci, District and Sub-District Dayun River Apit starting from September 2015 to January 2017. The determination of sampling determined by purposive sampling with the consideration that the farmer who made the respondent is a member of the built members of farmer groups PT. RAPP program received Integrated Agricultural Systems, members of farmer groups most active members, assistance programs Integrated Farming System representing all farmer groups. The number of respondents as many as 30 people. The analysis using Likert scale and Rank Spearman correlation analysis. The results of this study show that: 1) The level of empowerment members of farmer groups in the program Integrated Farming Systems Siak Regency included in the category of Most Powerful. 2) The level of independence of members of farmer groups in Siak program Integrated Farming Systems included in the High category. 3) Relationship level of empowerment to the level of independence of members of farmers Integrated Farming Systems program showed a positive correlation (Unidirectional). This suggests that when the members of the degree of independence helpless farmer group members is also high

Natural surfactants for pharmaceutical emulsion

Surfactants are widely used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals. In emulsion, it is a vital ingredient that allows mixing of two immiscible liquids. Emulsions have significant importance as carriers for water-insoluble drugs. There are many types of synthetic surfactants but there are also known natural surfactants which have been used and more to be explored

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain without Anhidrosis: Orodental Problems and Management

This paper reports the case of a 4-year-old male patient who was brought by parents requesting for replacement of multiple missing anterior teeth. The patient suffered from congenital insensitivity to pain without anhidrosis and presented with full blown sequelae of the condition in the form of oral self-mutilation leading to loss of teeth, tongue tip amputation, finger tips destruction, and lower limb wound infections. Dental and orthopaedic treatment consists of local management of oral wound and prevention from further oral and finger injuries that takes the form of dental splints and finger sleeve splints, constant feet coverage with shoes, and behavioural medical therapy. The age of the patient and parents’ education present challenges in managing this condition to avoid morbidity and premature mortality

Extraction and quantification of polyphenols from kinnow (Citrus reticulate L.) peel using ultrasound and maceration techniques

AbstractAn investigation was carried out to extract polyphenols from the peel of kinnow (Citrus reticulate L.) by maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) techniques. The antioxidant potential of these polyphenols was evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and superoxide radical scavenging assays; and their antimicrobial activity was assessed against bacterial strains Staphyloccoccus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Salmonella typhimurium. The highest extraction yield was obtained through the solvent ethanol at 80% concentration level, whereas UAE was a more efficient technique and yielded comparatively higher polyphenol contents than maceration. Maximum polyphenols were extracted with 80% methanol [32.48 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract] using UAE, whereas minimum phenolics (8.64 mg GAE/g extract) were obtained with 80% ethyl acetate through the maceration technique. Elevated antioxidant activity of kinnow peel extracts was exhibited in three antioxidant assays, where 80% methanolic extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity (27.67±1.11mM/100 g for FRAP) and the highest scavenging activity, 72.83±0.65% and 64.80±0.91% for DPPH and superoxide anion radical assays, respectively. Strong correlations between total polyphenols and antioxidant activity were recorded. Eleven phenolic compounds—including five phenolic acids and six flavonoids—were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. Ferulic acid and hesperidin were the most abundant compounds whereas caffeic acid was the least abundant phenolic compound in kinnow peel extracts. Maximum inhibition zone was recorded against S. aureus (16.00±0.58 mm) whereas minimum inhibition zone was noted against S. typhimurium (9.00±1.16 mm). It was concluded that kinnow mandarin peels, being a potential source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, may be used as an ingredient for the preparation of functional foods

Utility of participatory rural appraisal for health needs assessment and planning.

BACKGROUND: While poverty and lack of life opportunities are root causes of a high burden of disease and infant and maternal mortality, inadequate health care contributes heavily. Often those who are left without care are those who need it most. Existing health services are managed without taking into account acceptance and need perspectives. This further reduces the effectiveness of and equity in health care. In order to guide the planning of reproductive health services by a national NGO, health needs were assessed in a district in Sindh using a combination of participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and qualitative and quantitative research methods. PRA is considered as a better framework to assess, analyse and develop programs with communities. OBJECTIVE: The objective of PRA was to initiate community involvement and to understand the needs of health care from a community perspective. METHODOLOGY: PRA was conducted with groups of men and women from three rural areas in a district of Sindh, Pakistan using a life cycle framework. The community members identified various stages of their life with the associated health issues. RESULTS: This research was empowering to community members as it facilitated community involvement. The respondents took charge of the process of identification of health needs at PRA sessions. PRA helped identify health problems considered prevalent and important by the community. More importantly, it helped potential service providers and the community to initiate community involvement in planning. CONCLUSION: PRA is not only an effective tool for assessment and analysis of health issues but also a vehicle to promote community involvement. Additionally, participatory methods contribute to understand the context of quantitative data generated for planning purposes