984 research outputs found
Holistische Naturethik:Das Verhältnis des Menschen zur Natur im Zusammenhang mit dem Begründungsprojekt der holistischen Naturethik
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Begründung einer holistischen Naturethik, die heute als eine erkenntnis- und handlungsleitende Orientierungsinstanz für die Überwindung der gegenwärtigen Naturkrise fungieren kann. Dazu wird im Teil I versucht, Vorstellungen einer wohlgeordneten guten Welt im europäischen und ostasiatischen Denken aufzuzeigen, auf deren Grundlage das Mensch-Natur-Verhältnis in holistischer Perspektive wiederhergestellt werden kann. Im Teil II versuche ich zu zeigen, wie eine holistische Naturethik begründet werden kann, ohne der Moralisierung der Natur und der Naturalisierung der Moral zu verfallen. Dabei geht es darum, unsere historisch konstituierten Vorstellungen von einem guten Leben und einer guten Welt, unsere moralischen Überlegungen und das empirische Wissen über die Natur im Rahmen der Begründung moralischer Normen in der holistischen Naturethik zusammenzuführen
Observation of First-Order Metal-Insulator Transition without Structural Phase Transition in VO_2
An abrupt first-order metal-insulator transition (MIT) without structural
phase transition is first observed by current-voltage measurements and
micro-Raman scattering experiments, when a DC electric field is applied to a
Mott insulator VO_2 based two-terminal device. An abrupt current jump is
measured at a critical electric field. The Raman-shift frequency and the
bandwidth of the most predominant Raman-active A_g mode, excited by the
electric field, do not change through the abrupt MIT, while, they, excited by
temperature, pronouncedly soften and damp (structural MIT), respectively. This
structural MIT is found to occur secondarily.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Electric field control of nonvolatile four-state magnetization at room temperature
We find the realization of large converse magnetoelectric (ME) effects at
room temperature in a multiferroic hexaferrite
BaSrCoFeO single crystal, in which rapid
change of electric polarization in low magnetic fields (about 5 mT) is coined
to a large ME susceptibility of 3200 ps/m. The modulation of magnetization then
reaches up to 0.62 /f.u. in an electric field of 1.14 MV/m. We find
further that four ME states induced by different ME poling exhibit unique,
nonvolatile magnetization versus electric field curves, which can be
approximately described by an effective free energy with a distinct set of ME
coefficients
Characteristics of Classified Aerosol Types in South Korea during the MAPS-Seoul Campaign
During the Megacity Air Pollution Studies-Seoul (MAPS-Seoul) campaign from May to June 2015, aerosol optical properties in Korea were obtained based on the AERONET sunphotometer measurement at five sites (Anmyon, Gangneung_WNU, Gosan_SNU, Hankuk_UFS, and Yonsei_University). Using this dataset, we examine regional aerosol types by applying a number of known aerosol classification methods. We thoroughly utilize five different methods to categorize the regional aerosol types and evaluate the results from each method by inter-comparison. The differences and similarities among the results are also discussed, contingent upon the usage of AERONET inversion products, such as the single scattering albedo. Despite several small differences, all five methods suggest the same general features in terms of the regionally dominant aerosol type: Fine-mode aerosols with highly absorbing radiative properties dominate at HankukUFS and Yonsei_University; non-absorbing fine-mode particles form a large portion of the aerosol at Gosan_SNU; and coarse-mode particles cause some effects at Anmyon. The analysis of 3-day back-trajectories is also performed to determine the relationship between classified types at each site and the regional transport pattern. In particular, the spatiotemporally short-scale transport appears to have a large influence on the local aerosol properties. As a result, we find that the domestic emission in Korea significantly contributes to the high dominance of radiation-absorbing aerosols in the Seoul metropolitan area and the air-mass transport from China largely affects the western coastal sites, such as Anmyon and Gosan_SNU
Plasma Components Affect Accuracy of Circulating Cancer-Related MicroRNA Quantitation
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as candidate biomarkers of various diseases and conditions including malignancy and pregnancy. This approach requires sensitive and accurate quantitation of miRNA concentrations in body fluids. Herein we report that enzyme-based miRNA quantitation, which is currently the mainstream approach for identifying differences in miRNA abundance among samples, is skewed by endogenous serum factors that co-purify with miRNAs and anticoagulant agents used during collection. Of importance, different miRNAs were affected to varying extent among patient samples. By developing measures to overcome these interfering activities, we increased the accuracy, and improved the sensitivity of miRNA detection up to 30-fold. Overall, the present study outlines key factors that prevent accurate miRNA quantitation in body fluids and provides approaches that enable faithful quantitation of miRNA abundance in body fluids
Polarity-tunable magnetic tunnel junctions based on ferromagnetism at oxide heterointerfaces
Complex oxide systems have attracted considerable attention because of their
fascinating properties, including the magnetic ordering at the conducting
interface between two band insulators, such as LaAlO3 (LAO) and SrTiO3 (STO).
However, the manipulation of the spin degree of freedom at the LAO/STO
heterointerface has remained elusive. Here, we have fabricated hybrid magnetic
tunnel junctions consisting of Co and LAO/STO ferromagnets with the insertion
of a Ti layer in between, which clearly exhibit magnetic switching and the
tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect below 10 K. The magnitude and the of
the TMR are strongly dependent on the direction of the rotational magnetic
field parallel to the LAO/STO plane, which is attributed to a strong
Rashba-type spin orbit coupling in the LAO/STO heterostructure. Our study
provides a further support for the existence of the macroscopic ferromagnetism
at LAO/STO heterointerfaces and opens a novel route to realize interfacial
spintronics devices.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figure
Phonon structure in I-V characteristic of MgB point-contacts
The search of the phonon structure at the above-gap energies was carried out
for spectra of MgB point contacts with a normal metal.
The two-band model is assumed not only for the gap structure in
-characteristics, but also for phonons in
point-contact spectra, with up to the maximum lattice vibration energy. Since
the current is carried mostly by charges of 3D-band, whereas the strong
electron-phonon interaction occurs in 2D-band, we observe the phonon
peculiarities due to ''proximity'' effect in {\it k}-space, which depends on
the variation of interband coupling through the elastic scattering.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, reported in International Conference
"Modern Problems in Superconductivity", 9-13 September, Yalta, Ukrain
In situ observation of wet oxidation kinetics on Si(100) via ambient pressure x-ray photoemission spectroscopy
e initial stages of wet thermal oxidation of Si (100) - (2??1) have been investigated by in situ ambient pressure x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, including chemical-state resolution via Si 2p core-level spectra. Real-time growth rates of silicon dioxide have been monitored at 100 mTorr of water vapor. This pressure is considerably higher than in any prior study using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Substrate temperatures have been varied between 250 and 500 ??C. Above a temperature of ???400 ??C, two distinct regimes, a rapid and a quasisaturated one, are identified, and growth rates show a strong temperature dependence which cannot be explained by the conventional Deal-Grove model.open7
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