Risque dû à la consommation des boissons rafraichissantes sans alcool édulcorées

L’objectif de la présente étude est d’estimer la qualité chimique et microbiologique des différents types de boissons rafraichissantes sans alcool (BRSA) commercialisées dans la région de Djelfa. Les résultats obtenus montrent que 36.66% des échantillons sont non conformes à la réglementation Algérienne. 23.33% sont relatives à la qualité chimique (dépassement des doses de la saccharine pour 20% des échantillons et présence d’un édulcorant non autorisé, le cyclamate dans un seul échantillon) et 13.33% relatives à la qualité microbiologique (dû principalement à la flore fongique, plus particulièrement aux levures et secondairement aux coliformes). Quatre classes sont issues de la classification hiérarchique et confirment l’analyse en composante principale; ces classes ne se distinguent que pour les paramètres acésulfame K et aspartame.Mots-clés: édulcorants, CLHP, BRSA, contrôle de qualité, Djelfa.Risque result of sweaters refreshing soft drinks without alcohol consumption The aim of this study is predict chemical and microbiological quality of different type of refreshing soft drinks without alcohol (BRSA) marketed in Djelfa city. The result obtained has proved that 36.66% of samples are no conforming of Algerian regulation. 23.33% are concerning a chemical quality (the exceed of the doses of saccharin for 20% of samples and presence of a Sweetener no permit, the cyclamate in one sample) and 13.33% related to microbiological quality (to resist especially of fungal flore, more specific of yeast and secondarily of coliform). Four cases are resulted of the hierarchic classification and proved the analysis of principal compound; those classes no distinct that for acesulfam K and aspartam permanents.Keywords: sweeteners, HPLC, BRSA, quality control, Djelfa

Sorption of cesium and strontium on Savannah River soils impregnated with colloidal silica

Colloidal silica (CS) is being considered as an injectable low viscosity fluid for creation of impermeable barrier containment of low level radioactive waste at the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina. The sorption behavior of cesium and strontium on Savannah River Site Soils impregnated with Colloidal Silica was studied using a batch experimental method. The samples were prepared by addition of CS and an aqueous solution of CaCl{sub 2} to the soil materials. Sorption studies were conducted after the gelation of the CS samples had occurred. The variation of the sorption ratio, R, as a function of cesium or strontium concentration was examined. The Freundlich isotherm was used to fit the data and very good results were obtained

A numerical simulation of steady state metal cutting

An arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE ) approach is used to model the orthogonal metal cutting in a steady state situation. The thermomechanical model includes the effects of elasticity, plasticity, strain rate, large strains and friction with heat generated between the tool and the chip. The ALE formulation can combine the advantages of both the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches in a single description. Particularly, problems linked to the free surface in a Eulerian description and those linked to severe mesh distortions in a Lagrangian one can be solved by this formulation. The ALE governing equations are briefly reviewed in this paper; finite element and finite volume methods are used for the discretization of the conservation equations and an explicit time integration is adopted. Only the steady state solution is required; the ALE formulation is exploited to update the free and the contact surfaces. The model predicts the thermomechanical quantities, the chip geometry and the cutting forces from the cutting data and the material and friction parameters. Cutting experiments were performed with 42CD4 steel and comparisons of experimental tool forces and chip geometry with the numerical results are presented

Consanguinity decreases risk of breast cancer – cervical cancer unaffected

Marriages between third-degree and more distant relatives are common in many parts of the world. Offspring of consanguineous parents have increased morbidity and mortality related to recessive gene disorders. In a population with a high frequency of consanguinity, we examined the frequency of breast cancer (related in part to tumour genes) and cervical cancers (related to virus infection) among offspring of consanguineous and non-consanguineous parents. Study was done prospectively in the United Arab Emirates. Selected were married female citizens, ages 40–65, who attended 12 primary health care clinics for whatever reason. In a face-to-face interview, subjects were asked: (a) about consanguineous marriages in family; (b) if they have or have had breast or cervical cancer; (c) about family history of cancer, cancer screening and other parameters. Tumour diagnosis was confirmed by review of medical records. Of 1750 women invited into study, 1445 (79%) could be used in analysis. Among 579 (40%) women of consanguineous and 866 (60%) of non-consanguineous parents there were 24 and 54 with breast cancer, respectively (RR = 0.66, CI 0.42 – 1.06). In the 40 to 50 age group, breast cancer reported 13 of 446 women of consanguineous and 37 of 633 of non-consanguineous parents (RR = 0.50, Cl 0.27 – 0.93). Cervical cancer had 15 women in consanguineous and 32 in non-consanguineous group (RR = 0.70, Cl 0.38 – 1.28). Number of families with history of breast cancer in consanguineous and non-consanguineous group was 21 and 23, respectively (P = 0.29). The cancer screening rates and other variable values had fairly balanced distribution between the 2 groups. Having consanguineous parents decreases the risk of breast cancer especially in younger women, risk of cervical cancer being unaffected. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co

Inactivation of Chk2 and Mus81 Leads to Impaired Lymphocytes Development, Reduced Genomic Instability, and Suppression of Cancer

Chk2 is an effector kinase important for the activation of cell cycle checkpoints, p53, and apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Mus81 is required for the restart of stalled replication forks and for genomic integrity. Mus81Δex3-4/Δex3-4 mice have increased cancer susceptibility that is exacerbated by p53 inactivation. In this study, we demonstrate that Chk2 inactivation impairs the development of Mus81Δex3-4/Δex3-4 lymphoid cells in a cell-autonomous manner. Importantly, in contrast to its predicted tumor suppressor function, loss of Chk2 promotes mitotic catastrophe and cell death, and it results in suppressed oncogenic transformation and tumor development in Mus81Δex3-4/Δex3-4 background. Thus, our data indicate that an important role for Chk2 is maintaining lymphocyte development and that dual inactivation of Chk2 and Mus81 remarkably inhibits cancer

BRCA1 is an essential regulator of heart function and survival following myocardial infarction

The tumour suppressor BRCA1 is mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancer but its role in protecting other tissues from DNA damage has not been explored. Here we show a new role for BRCA1 as a gatekeeper of cardiac function and survival. In mice, loss of BRCA1 in cardiomyocytes results in adverse cardiac remodelling, poor ventricular function and higher mortality in response to ischaemic or genotoxic stress. Mechanistically, loss of cardiomyocyte BRCA1 results in impaired DNA double-strand break repair and activated p53-mediated pro-apoptotic signalling culminating in increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, whereas deletion of the p53 gene rescues BRCA1-deficient mice from cardiac failure. In human adult and fetal cardiac tissues, ischaemia induces double-strand breaks and upregulates BRCA1 expression. These data reveal BRCA1 as a novel and essential adaptive response molecule shielding cardiomyocytes from DNA damage, apoptosis and heart dysfunction. BRCA1 mutation carriers, in addition to risk of breast and ovarian cancer, may be at a previously unrecognized risk of cardiac failure