Original Article - Protective effects of cisternal irrigation on leptomeningeal and cortical structures in meningitis: An experimental study

BACKGROUND: Meningitis, termed as foreign material collection in the subarachnoid space, leads to various meningeal, cerebral and spinal cord pathologies. Meningitis still remains a problematic disease with severe complications in spite of advanced medical technology. AIMS: In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of cisternal irrigation in the prevention of meningitis complications. SETTING AND STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study was done in the Social Security Hospital of Erzurum. Histopathological specimens were evaluated in the Pathology Department in the Ataturk University Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on twelve lambs. Experimental meningitis was achieved with streptococcus pneumonia. Two animals were not treated. Ten animals were given CefotaximeR (4x1 g/day) for 20 days, and additionally half of these animals underwent cisternal irrigation. Then, all animals were sacrificed and brains were observed histopathologically. RESULTS: Massive purulent CSF formation, hemorrhagic cortical lesions, vascular congestion, leptomeningeal and cortical adhesions and brain edema were observed in the non-irrigated group, but these findings were observed slightly or absent in the irrigated group. CONCLUSION: Meningitis can affect all central neural tissues, consequently serious central nervous system lesions may develop. The irrigation procedure may decrease the percentage and severity of meningitis complications by way of the excretion of inflammed purulent collection from the subarachnoid spaces

Recurrent Parotitis as a First Manifestation in a Child with Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome

Recurrent parotitis is an acute, severe inflammation of one or both parotid glands, the major salivary glands in young children. We report the case of a seven-year old boy with Primary Sjogrens syndrome (PSS) who presented with 15 episodes of painful recurrent bilateral swellings of the parotid glands over a four-year period. Keywords: Child, recurrent parotitis, Sjogren’s syndrome "Parotitis Recurrente como Primera Manifestación en un Niño con el Síndrome de Sjögren Primario" H Alp, Z Orbak, T Erdogan, K Karabag, N Gursan RESUMEN La parotitis recurrente es una inflamación aguda, severa y reiterada de una o ambas glándulas parótidas – la mayor de las glándulas salivares – en los niños pequeños. Se reporta el caso de un niño de siete años de edad con el síndrome de Sjögren primario (SSP). El niño presentó 15 episodios de dolorosas inflamaciones bilaterales recurrentes de las glándulas parótidas por un período de cuatro años. Palabras claves: niño, parotitis recurrente, síndrome de Sjögre

Recurrent Parotitis as a First Manifestation in a Child with Primary Sjogren's Syndrome

Recurrent parotitis is a recurrent, acute severe inflammation of one or both parotid glands, the major salivary gland in young children. We report the case of a seven-year old boy with Primary Sjogrens Syndrome (PSS) who presented with 15 episodes of painful recurrent bilateral swellings of the parotid glands over a four-year period. Keywords: Child, recurrent parotitis, Sjogren’s Syndrom

Erratum: Role of degenerated neuron density of dorsal root ganglion on anterior spinal artery vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study (Acta Neurochirurgica DOI: 10.1007/s00701-010-0793-4)

[No abstract available

Role of degenerated neuron density of dorsal root ganglion on anterior spinal artery vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study

PubMed: 20835838Background The spinal arteries are innervated by several systems that contribute to the control of spinal cord blood flow. The sensory fibers of upper cervical nerves have vasodilatatory effect on the anterior spinal arteries (ASA). Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) causes severe vasospasm by various neurochemical mechanisms. We examined whether there is a relationship between the neuron density of the C3 dorsal root ganglion and the severity of ASA vasospasm in SAH. Methods This study was conducted on 20 rabbits. Four of them were used as baseline group. Experimental SAH has been applied to all of 16 animals by injecting homologous blood into cisterna magna. After 20 days of injection, ASA and C3 dorsal root ganglia (C3DRG) were examined histopathologically. ASA volume values and normal and degenerated neuron densities of C3DRG were estimated stereologically and the results were analyzed statistically. Results The mean ASA volume was 1,010?450 mm3, and the mean neuronal density of C3DRG was 10,500?850 in all animals. The mean volume value of ASA was 970? 150 mm3, and the normal neuron density of C3DRG fell to 8,600?400/mm3 in slight vasospasm group. In severe vasospasm-developed animals, mean volume value of ASA was 540?90 mm3 and the normal neuron density of C3DRG fell to 5,500?360/mm3. An inverse relationship between the degenerated neuronal density of the C3DRG and ASA volume values may indicate the severity of ASA vasospasm. Conclusion The neuron density of C3DRG may be an important factor on the regulation of ASA volume values and the continuation of spinal cord blood flow. Low neuron density of C3DRG may be considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of severe ASA vasospasm in SAH. © Springer-Verlag 2010

The cost of prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in Turkey

6th Congress of the Mediterranean-Urological-Association -- SEP 06-09, 1999 -- CAIRO, EGYPTWOS: 000082647100013Open or transurethral prostatectomy has for many years been the gold standard treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Data on direct cost of BPH are incomplete. and data on indirect or tangible cost are practically absent The aim of this study is to estimate the cost of surgical treatment for BPH, including those related to the initial prostatectomy, the treatment of postsurgical complications, and reoperation within one year, We identified 988 men who underwent prostatectomy for BPH during March 1994 - December 1998. Mean total inpatient costs (including all hospital charges and professional service fees) for these procedures were estimated to be $684 and$714, respectively. Total expected costs of transurethral and open prostatectomy. inclusive of readmissions for complications and reoperations within last year, were estimated to be $724 and$751. respectively.Mediterranean Urol Asso

The effect of choroidal artery vasospasm on choroid plexus injury in subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study

Aim: We examined whether vasospasm of choroidal arteries (ChAs) may be resulted in ischemic injury in choroid plexus (CP) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MaterIal and Methods: This study has been conducted on 30 rabbits. Eight, fourteen and eight of them were used as control, SAH and SHAM groups, respectively. The volumes of choroidal arteries were examined and measured by using the micrometric microscope barr. Ischemic morphological changes of the choroid plexus cells and villus were examined as follows: cellular shrinkage (1 point), cytoplasmic condensation (2 points), angulation (3 points) and villus desquamation (4 points) were considered as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th degree downward choroid plexus degeneration criteria. Degeneration scores of 1 to 4 criteria were calculated by summing the exacerbated ones with the existing one. Results: Choroidal artery diameter&volume, and CP degeneration scores in three groups were evaluated: The mean volumes were 1.080±0.650mm3, 0.907±0.330 mm3, 0.480±0.175 mm3 and the degeneration scores of choroidal plexuses were scored as 0 and 1-1, and 4-3 and 10 in the control, SHAM and SAH groups respectively. A significant correlation between the degree of vasospasm and CP degeneration was found. ConclusIon: Vasospasm of choroidal arteries may be at a serious degree in cases with SAH incurs damages on choroid plexuses, and affects structures which play important roles in immune, endocrine, detoxifying, thermoregulatory, and secretory functions of the brain resulting in worsened prognosis