71 research outputs found
The population of hot subdwarf stars studied with Gaia II. The Gaia DR2 catalogue of hot subluminous stars
Based on data from the ESA Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) and several
ground-based, multi-band photometry surveys we compiled an all-sky catalogue of
hot subluminous star candidates selected in Gaia DR2 by means of
colour, absolute magnitude and reduced proper motion cuts. We expect the
majority of the candidates to be hot subdwarf stars of spectral type B and O,
followed by blue horizontal branch stars of late B-type (HBB), hot post-AGB
stars, and central stars of planetary nebulae. The contamination by cooler
stars should be about . The catalogue is magnitude limited to Gaia
and covers the whole sky. Except within the Galactic plane
and LMC/SMC regions, we expect the catalogue to be almost complete up to about
. The main purpose of this catalogue is to serve as input
target list for the large-scale photometric and spectroscopic surveys which are
ongoing or scheduled to start in the coming years. In the long run, securing a
statistically significant sample of spectroscopically confirmed hot subluminous
stars is key to advance towards a more detailed understanding of the latest
stages of stellar evolution for single and binary stars.Comment: 13 pages, A&A, accepte
Stellar and planetary remnants in large area surveys
The advent of large-area digital sky surveys marked a turning point for the entire field of astronomy. Today, with multi-band photometry for hundreds of millions of objects readily at hand, the ability to mine data for specific rare objects of interest has become of fundamental importance.
The aim of this work was to study white dwarfs and planetary remnants by, first of all, developing efficient selection algorithms to identify these objects in large area surveys. Using SDSS DR7 we developed a routine which relies on colours and proper motion to calculate probabilities of being a white dwarf (PWD) which, in turn, enables a flexible selection of white dwarf candidates without recourse to spectroscopy. The application of this selection method to SDSS DR10 lead to the creation of a catalogue of ≃ 66, 000 bright (g ≤ 19) objects with calculated PWD from which it is possible to select ≃ 23, 000 high-confidence white dwarf candidates . The reliability of the method was further tested using a sample of spectroscopic objects from the LAMOST survey. This independent test confirmed the robustness of our algorithm and lead to the identification of 290 new white dwarfs. We also applied our selection routine to the recently released ATLAS DR2 to construct a preliminary catalogue of ≃ 9000 ATLAS white dwarf candidates. This catalogue represents the first sample of white dwarfs candidates in the southern hemisphere.
We later exploited our catalogue in several science project. We developed a separate selection algorithm to identify variable white dwarfs in large area time-domain surveys. To test this method we carried out a pilot search for pulsating white dwarfs using 400 high-confidence white dwarfs candidates with available multi-epoch photometry in SDSS Stripe 82. This test proved the ability of our method to select different types of variable white dwarfs and allowed to identify 5 pulsating white dwarfs, 3 of which are new discoveries.
During the development of our catalogue, we also identified 64 new metal polluted white dwarfs. Recent studies have shown that the metal pollution in these objects is the result of accretion of remnants of planetary systems. In a few cases these planetary remnants form a circustellar debris disc which can be detected as an infrared excess. Here we present the results of high-resolution spectroscopic follow-up of 15 of the newly identified metalpolluted white dwarfs. Using accurate spectral analyses of the atmospheres of these white dwarfs we determined chemical compositions and masses of the accreted bodies, and discuss the impact of these finding on the current knowledge of extra-solar planetary systems. Using optical and infrared photometric data from various large-area surveys we carried out a search for infrared excess around our newly identified metal polluted white dwarfs, and high-confidence white dwarf candidates. We identified four metal polluted white dwarfs with possible debris discs and compiled a list of ≃ 300 white dwarfs candidates with infrared excess ready for future spectroscopic follow-up
Analysis of cool DO-type white dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10
We report on the identification of 22 new cool DO-type white dwarfs (WD)
detected in Data Release 10 (DR10) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS).
Among them, we found one more member of the so-called hot-wind DO WDs, which
show ultrahigh excitation absorption lines. Our non-LTE model atmosphere
analyses of these objects and two not previously analyzed hot-wind DO WDs,
revealed effective temperatures and gravities in the ranges Teff=45-80kK and
log g= 7.50-8.75. In eight of the spectra we found traces of C (0.001-0.01, by
mass). Two of these are the coolest DO WDs ever discovered that still show a
considerable amount of C in their atmospheres. This is in strong contradiction
with diffusion calculations, and probably, similar to what is proposed for DB
WDs, a weak mass-loss is present in DO WDs. One object is the most massive DO
WD discovered so far with a mass of 1.07 M_sun if it is an ONe-WD or 1.09 M_sun
if it is a CO-WD. We furthermore present the mass distribution of all known hot
non-DA (pre-) WDs and derive the hot DA to non-DA ratio for the SDSS DR7
spectroscopic sample. The mass distribution of DO WDs beyond the wind limit
strongly deviates from the mass distribution of the objects before the wind
limit. We address this phenomenon by applying different evolutionary input
channels. We argue that the DO WD channel may be fed by about 13% by
post-extreme-horizontal branch stars and that PG1159 stars and O(He) stars may
contribute in a similar extent to the non-DA WD channel.Comment: 13 pages, accepted for publication in A&
The Field White Dwarf Mass Distribution
We revisit the properties and astrophysical implications of the field white
dwarf mass distribution in preparation of Gaia applications. Our study is based
on the two samples with the best established completeness and most precise
atmospheric parameters, the volume-complete survey within 20 pc and the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) magnitude-limited sample. We explore the modelling of
the observed mass distributions with Monte Carlo simulations, but find that it
is difficult to constrain independently the initial mass function (IMF), the
initial-to-final-mass relation (IFMR), the stellar formation history (SFH), the
variation of the Galactic disk vertical scale height as a function of stellar
age, and binary evolution. Each of these input ingredients has a moderate
effect on the predicted mass distributions, and we must also take into account
biases owing to unidentified faint objects (20 pc sample), as well as unknown
masses for magnetic white dwarfs and spectroscopic calibration issues (SDSS
sample). Nevertheless, we find that fixed standard assumptions for the above
parameters result in predicted mean masses that are in good qualitative
agreement with the observed values. It suggests that derived masses for both
studied samples are consistent with our current knowledge of stellar and
Galactic evolution. Our simulations overpredict by 40-50% the number of massive
white dwarfs (M > 0.75 Msun) for both surveys, although we can not exclude a
Salpeter IMF when we account for all biases. Furthermore, we find no evidence
of a population of double white dwarf mergers in the observed mass
distributions.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
The population of hot subdwarf stars studied with Gaia I. The catalogue of known hot subdwarf stars
In preparation for the upcoming all-sky data releases of the Gaia mission we
compiled a catalogue of known hot subdwarf stars and candidates drawn from the
literature and yet unpublished databases. The catalogue contains 5613 unique
sources and provides multi-band photometry from the ultraviolet to the far
infrared, ground based proper motions, classifications based on spectroscopy
and colours, published atmospheric parameters, radial velocities and light
curve variability information. Using several different techniques we removed
outliers and misclassified objects. By matching this catalogue with astrometric
and photometric data from the Gaia mission, we will develop selection criteria
to construct a homogeneous, magnitude-limited all-sky catalogue of hot subdwarf
stars based on Gaia data.Comment: 11 pages, A&A accepte
Fundamental parameter accuracy of DA and DB white dwarfs in Gaia Data Release 2
We report on a comparison of spectroscopic analyses for hydrogen (DA) and helium atmosphere (DB) white dwarfs with Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) parallaxes and photometry. We assume a reddening law and a mass–radius relation to connect the effective temperatures (Teff) and surface gravities (log g) to masses and radii. This allows the comparison of two largely independent sets of fundamental parameters for 7039 DA and 521 DB stars with high-quality observations. This subset of the Gaia white dwarf sample is large enough to detect systematic trends in the derived parameters. We find that spectroscopic and photometric parameters generally agree within uncertainties when the expectation of a single star is verified. Gaia allows the identification of a small systematic offset in the temperature scale between the two techniques, as well as confirming a small residual high-mass bump in the DA mass distribution around 11 000–13 000 K. This assessment of the accuracy of white dwarf fundamental parameters derived from Gaia is a first step in understanding systematic effects in related astrophysical applications such as the derivation of the local stellar formation history, initial-to-final mass relation, and statistics of evolved planetary systems
An independent test of the photometric selection of white dwarf candidates using LAMOST DR3
In Gentile Fusillo et al. (2015) we developed a selection method for white
dwarf candidates which makes use of photometry, colours and proper motions to
calculate a probability of being a white dwarf (Pwd). The application of our
method to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 10 resulted in
nearly 66,000 photometrically selected objects with a derived Pwd,
approximately 21000 of which are high confidence white dwarf candidates. Here
we present an independent test of our selection method based on a sample of
spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs from the LAMOST (Large Sky Area
Multi-Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) survey. We do this by cross matching all
our 66,000 SDSS photometric white dwarf candidates with the over 4
million spectra available in the third data release of LAMOST. This results in
1673 white dwarf candidates with no previous SDSS spectroscopy, but with
available LAMOST spectra. Among these objects we identify 309 genuine white
dwarfs. We find that our Pwd can efficiently discriminate between confirmed
LAMOST white dwarfs and contaminants. Our white dwarf candidate selection
method can be applied to any multi-band photometric survey and in this work we
conclusively confirm its reliability in selecting white dwarfs without recourse
to spectroscopy. We also discuss the spectroscopic completeness of white dwarfs
in LAMOST, as well as deriving effective temperatures, surface gravities and
masses for the hydrogen-rich atmosphere white dwarfs in the newly identified
LAMOST sample.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. The full
catalogue presented in table 4 is available at
http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/catalogues/SDSS_WD_candidates_with_LAMOST_spectra.cs
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