4,058 research outputs found
Weak Lensing of Intensity Mapping: the Cosmic Infrared Background
Gravitational lensing deflects the paths of cosmic infrared background (CIB)
photons, leaving a measurable imprint on CIB maps. The resulting statistical
anisotropy can be used to reconstruct the matter distribution out to the
redshifts of CIB sources. To this end, we generalize the CMB lensing quadratic
estimator to any weakly non-Gaussian source field, by deriving the optimal
lensing weights. We point out the additional noise and bias caused by the
non-Gaussianity and the `self-lensing' of the source field. We propose methods
to reduce, subtract or model these non-Gaussianities. We show that CIB lensing
should be detectable with Planck data, and detectable at high significance for
future CMB experiments like CCAT-Prime. The CIB thus constitutes a new source
image for lensing studies, providing constraints on the amplitude of structure
at intermediate redshifts between galaxies and the CMB. CIB lensing
measurements will also give valuable information on the star formation history
in the universe, constraining CIB halo models beyond the CIB power spectrum. By
laying out a detailed treatment of lens reconstruction from a weakly
non-Gaussian source field, this work constitutes a stepping stone towards lens
reconstruction from continuum or line intensity mapping data, such as the
Lyman-alpha emission, absorption, and the 21cm radiation.Comment: Accepted in Physical Review
Finite frequency noise for edge states at filling factor
We investigate the properties of the finite frequency noise in a quantum
point contact geometry for the fractional quantum Hall state at filling factor
. The results are obtained in the framework of the Wen's hierarchical
model.
We show that the peak structure of the colored noise allows to discriminate
among different possible excitations involved in the tunneling. In particular,
optimal values of voltage and temperature are found in order to enhance the
visibility of the peak associated with the tunneling of a 2-agglomerate, namely
an excitation with charge double of the fundamental one associated to the
single quasiparticle.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, to be published in the Proceedings of the
Conference on the Frontiers of Quantum and Mesoscopic Thermodynamics (FQMT11
The optical companion to the binary millisecond pulsar J1824-2452H in the globular cluster M28
We report on the optical identification of the companion star to the
eclipsing millisecond pulsar PSR J1824-2452H in the galactic globular cluster
M28 (NGC 6626). This star is at only 0.2" from the nominal position of the
pulsar and it shows optical variability (~ 0.25 mag) that nicely correlates
with the pulsar orbital period. It is located on the blue side of the cluster
main sequence, ~1.5 mag fainter than the turn-off point. The observed light
curve shows two distinct and asymmetric minima, suggesting that the companion
star is suffering tidal distortion from the pulsar. This discovery increases
the number of non-degenerate MSP companions optically identified so far in
globular clusters (4 out of 7), suggesting that these systems could be a common
outcome of the pulsar recycling process, at least in dense environments where
they can be originated by exchange interactions.Comment: accepted for publication on ApJ, 17 pages, 5 figure
Anomalous charge tunneling in the fractional quantum Hall edge states at filling factor \nu = 5/2
We explain effective charge anomalies recently observed for fractional
quantum Hall edge states at [M. Dolev, Y. Gross, Y. C. Chung, M.
Heiblum, V. Umansky, and D. Mahalu, Phys.Rev. B. \textbf{81}, 161303(R)
(2010)]. The experimental data of differential conductance and excess noise are
fitted, using the anti-Pfaffian model, by properly take into account
renormalizations of the Luttinger parameters induced by the coupling of the
system with an intrinsic noise. We demonstrate that a peculiar
agglomerate excitation with charge , double of the expected charge,
dominates the transport properties at low energies.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Environmental induced renormalization effects in quantum Hall edge states
We propose a general mechanism for renormalization of the tunneling exponents
in edge states of the fractional quantum Hall effect. Mutual effects of the
coupling with out-of-equilibrium 1/f noise and dissipation are considered both
for the Laughlin sequence and for composite co- and counter-propagating edge
states with Abelian or non-Abelian statistics. For states with
counter-propagating modes we demonstrate the robustness of the proposed
mechanism in the so called disorder-dominated phase. Prototypes of these
states, such as \nu=2/3 and \nu=5/2, are discussed in detail and the rich
phenomenology induced by the presence of a noisy environment is presented. The
proposed mechanism justifies the strong renormalizations reported in many
experimental observations carried out at low temperatures. We show how
environmental effects could affect the relevance of the tunneling excitations,
leading to important implications in particular for the \nu=5/2 case.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
The Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect with Projected Fields II: prospects, challenges, and comparison with simulations
The kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) signal is a powerful probe of the
cosmic baryon distribution. The kSZ signal is proportional to the integrated
free electron momentum rather than the electron pressure (which sources the
thermal SZ signal). Since velocities should be unbiased on large scales, the
kSZ signal is an unbiased tracer of the large-scale electron distribution, and
thus can be used to detect the "missing baryon" that evade most observational
techniques. While most current methods for kSZ extraction rely on the
availability of very accurate redshifts, we revisit a method that allows
measurements even in the absence of redshift information for individual
objects. It involves cross-correlating the square of an appropriately filtered
cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature map with a projected density map
constructed from a sample of large-scale structure tracers. We show that this
method will achieve high signal-to-noise when applied to the next generation of
high-resolution CMB experiments, provided that component separation is
sufficiently effective at removing foreground contamination. Considering
statistical errors only, we forecast that this estimator can yield 3, 120 and over 150 for Planck, Advanced ACTPol, and hypothetical Stage-IV
CMB experiments, respectively, in combination with a galaxy catalog from WISE,
and about 20% larger for a galaxy catalog from the proposed SPHEREx
experiment. This work serves as a companion paper to the first kSZ measurement
with this method, where we used CMB temperature maps constructed from Planck
and WMAP data, together with galaxies from the WISE survey, to obtain a 3.8 -
4.5 detection of the kSZ amplitude.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures. Comments welcom
The Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect with Projected Fields: A Novel Probe of the Baryon Distribution with Planck, WMAP, and WISE Data
The kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect --- the Doppler boosting of
cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons due to Compton-scattering off free
electrons with non-zero bulk velocity --- probes the abundance and distribution
of baryons in the Universe. All kSZ measurements to date have explicitly
required spectroscopic redshifts. Here, we implement a novel estimator for the
kSZ -- large-scale structure cross-correlation based on projected fields: it
does not require redshift estimates for individual objects, allowing kSZ
measurements from large-scale imaging surveys. We apply this estimator to
cleaned CMB temperature maps constructed from Planck and Wilkinson Microwave
Anisotropy Probe data and a galaxy sample from the Wide-field Infrared Survey
Explorer (WISE). We measure the kSZ effect at 3.8-4.5 significance,
depending on the use of additional WISE galaxy bias constraints. We verify that
our measurements are robust to possible dust emission from the WISE galaxies.
Assuming the standard CDM cosmology, we directly constrain (statistical error
only) at redshift , where is the fraction of matter in
baryonic form and is the free electron fraction. This is the
tightest kSZ-derived constraint reported to date on these parameters. The
consistency between the value found here and the values inferred from
analyses of the primordial CMB and Big Bang nucleosynthesis verifies that
baryons approximately trace the dark matter distribution down to Mpc
scales. While our projected-field estimator is already competitive with other
kSZ approaches when applied to current datasets (because we are able to use the
full-sky WISE photometric survey), it will yield enormous signal-to-noise when
applied to upcoming high-resolution, multi-frequency CMB surveys.Comment: 5 pages + references, 2 figures; v2: matches PRL accepted version,
results unchange
Charge tunneling in fractional edge channels
We explain recent experimental observations on effective charge of edge
states tunneling through a quantum point contact in the weak backscattering
regime. We focus on the behavior of the excess noise and on the effective
tunneling charge as a function of temperature and voltage. By introducing a
minimal hierarchical model different filling factors, \nu=p/(2p+1), in the Jain
sequence are treated on equal footing, in presence also of non-universal
interactions. The agreement found with the experiments for \nu=2/3 and \nu=2/5
reinforces the description of tunneling of bunching of quasiparticles at low
energies and quantitatively defines the condition under which one expects to
measure the fundamental quasiparticle charge. We propose high-order current
cumulant measurement to cross-check the validity of the above scenario and to
better clarify the peculiar temperature behavior of the effective charges
measured in the experiments.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
- …