Biological therapy of strontium-substituted bioglass for soft tissue wound-healing: Responses to oxidative stress in ovariectomised rats.

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest concerning this article.International audienceNew synthetic biomaterials are constantly being developed for wound repair and regeneration. Bioactive glasses (BG) containing strontium have shown successful applications in tissue engineering account of their biocompatibility and the positive biological effects after implantation. This study aimed to assess whether BG-Sr was accepted by the host tissue and to characterize oxidative stress biomarker and antioxidant enzyme profiles during muscle and skin healing. Wistar rats were divided into five groups (six animals per group): the group (I) was used as negative control (T), after ovariectomy, groups II, III, IV and V were used respectively as positive control (OVX), implanted tissue with BG (OVX-BG), BG-Sr (OVX-BG-Sr) and presented empty defects (OVX-NI). Soft tissues surrounding biomaterials were used to estimate superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Our results show that 60 days after operation, treatment of rats with BG-Sr significantly increased MDA concentration and caused an increase of SOD, CAT and GPx activities in both skin and muscular tissues. BG-Sr revealed maturation of myotubes followed a normal appearance of muscle regenerated with high density and mature capillary vessels. High wound recovery with complete re-epithelialization and regeneration of skin was observed. The results demonstrate that the protective action against reactive oxygen species (ROS) was clearly observed in soft tissue surrounding BG-Sr. Moreover, the potential use of BG-Sr rapidly restores the wound skin and muscle structural and functional properties. The BG advantages such as ion release might make BG-Sr an effective biomaterial choice for antioxidative activity

Carcinome basocellulaire métatypique : a propos de deux cas

Introduction : : Le carcinome métatypique est une entité rare. Il touche essentiellement la région cervico-faciale chez un sujet de sexe masculin. Les auteurs étudieront, à travers deux observations, les caractéristiques cliniques et évolutives du cancer métatypique ainsi que les difficultés thérapeutiques. Observation 1 : Un homme âgé de 41 ans, a présenté un carcinome métatypique temporo-pariétal droit traité initialement par chirurgie. Cinq ans plus tard, il a été réopéré pour une récidive locale et ganglionnaire et a bénéficié ensuite d’une cobaltothérapie, stabilisant ainsi la maladie pendant 4 ans au bout desquels on a noté la survenue d’une deuxième récidive locale avec des métastases pulmonaires. Le malade est décédé, à 10 ans de recul, dans un tableau de pneumopathie diffuse avec septicémie sévère. Observation 2 : Un homme de 71 ans, a présenté un carcinome métatypique de la région rétro- auriculaire. Il a eu une exérèse tumorale avec des limites chirurgicales envahies. Il a présenté plusieurs récidives locales traitées par des exérèses larges jusqu’à une pétrectomie totale. Les limites chirurgicales étaient toujours tumorales. Une radiothérapie postopératoire a été réalisée pour chaque récidive. A 7 ans de recul, il a présenté une récidive locale envahissant l’angleponto-cérébelleux et le cerveau, jugée en dehors de toutes ressources thérapeutiques. Discussion : Le carcinome métatypique est caractérisé par son agressivité et sa tendance à la récidive. Son traitementest essentiellement chirurgical. Une large marge de sécurité lors de l’exérèse est indispensable. La radiothérapie est un traitement adjuvant, devenu incontournable vu le haut risque de récidive. Le rôle de la chimiothérapie n’est pas encore prouvé.

Myasthenie - spondylarthropathies: association fortuite ? A propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature

Propos Nous rapportons le cas d’un patient atteint d’une myasthénie associée à une spondylarthropathie. Cette observation est originale de part sa rareté, six cas seulement on été rapportés dans la littérature et le problème que pose cette association : est ce qu’elle est fortuite ou impliquerait-elle d’autres facteurs génétiques qui restent à prouver ?Observation Monsieur J.H. âgé de 32 ans, aux antécédents de myasthénie depuis 2002, était hospitalisé en avril 2004 pour polyarthrite chronique bilatérale et asymétrique évoluant depuis un an, touchant le poignet gauche, les inter phalangiennes proximales des 3ème et 5ème doigts droits et le genou droit associées à des talalgiesbilatérales et une douleur des articulations sacro-iliaques. La biologie montrait un syndrome inflammatoire modéré, des facteurs rhumatoïdes faiblement positifs et un typage HLA B7 et B17. Le bilan radiologiquemontrait une arthrite des mains, une enthésite calcanéenne et permettait de suspecter une sacro-iliite bilatérale qui était confirmée par un scanner. L’évolution était bonne sous anti- inflammatoires nonstéroïdiens pendant 6 mois. Il consulte en janvier 2006 pour le même tableau associé à une sècheresse buccale et oculaire. Le bilan trouvait une VS à 20, des facteurs rhumatoïdes faiblement positifs mais desAAN positifs à un taux 1/160 homogènes avec des anti SSA. Les radiographies standard montraient une carpite stade II gauche. L’examen ophtalmologique a confirmé le syndrome sec oculaire. La biopsie des glandes salivaires accessoires a montré un syndrome de Gougerot Sjögren grade 2 de Shisholm

Polysaccharides from Phormidium versicolor (NCC466) protecting HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and rat liver tissues from cadmium toxicity: Evidence from in vitro and in vivo tests

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. The in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic and cytoprotective properties and in vivo hepatoprotective activities of crude polysaccharides extracted from cyanobacteria Phormidim versicolor NCC466 (CFv-PS) were investigated. The CFv-PS, identified as heteropolysaccharides with molecular weight of 63.79 kDa, exhibited relatively strong antioxidant activity, in a concentration-depended manner, in vitro assays. Additionally, CFv-PS did not induce cytotoxic effect on HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells within the range of tested concentrations (25–150 μg·mL−1) while preventing them against Cd. Moreover, in rats subjected to Cd-induced hepatotoxicity, CFv-PS pretreatment significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the level of ALAT, ASAT, biliburin, MDA, protein carbonyl and DNA damage, and markedly increased enzyme activities in liver tissues. These findings suggest that the cyanobacteria Phormidium versicolor is a potential source of natural products possessing antioxidant, cytoprotective and hepatoprotective properties

Quel bilan d’extension faut-il faire pour les carcinomes indifferencies du nasopharynx ?

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma prognosis is often correlated with its local extension but especially lymphatic node and metastatic.The aimof our work was to study sensitivity and the specificity of clinical and paraclinic explorations in the initial assessmentPatients and methods : It .s about a retrospective study of 366 patients having nasopharyngeal carcinoma, diagnosed over eleven years period between 1993 and 2003 in Sfax hospital. Into pretherapeutic, all the patients had a complementary assessment including:- Nasopharyngeal tomodensitometry (TDM), in all the cases, extended to the cervical area in 112 cases and a magnetic resonnance Imagery (MRI) of the nasopharynx and cerebral in 18 cases.- Metastatic assessment: comprising systematically a chest radiography, an abdominal ultrasonography and an osseous scintiscanning. The statistical study comprised a descriptive study and an analytical study.Results : The metastasis diagnosis was retained in 39 cases (10,7%): osseous in 82%, hepatic in 23% and pulmonary in 12,8% of the cases. The tumour was associated to lymph node N3 in 25 cases (64%). At univariate study, we retained the presence of significant difference between the groups of the metastatic and lack metastatic patients for : the male sex, reason for consultation (cervical node, rhinologic signs and otologic signs) and cervical node at the examination.The multivariate analysis for all the factors was without interest. We choose the parameters according to the result of the univariate study, the literature and parameters' found among all patients with discovered CNP. It comes out from this study that the following elements are providers of metastases: age between 40 and 45years, male sex and cervical node N3a stage.Discussion : The assessment of extension is not standardized for all the authors. Indeed, for the study of the pulmonary extension (AJCC)/ (UICC) recommends the systematic practice of the chest radiography. For (NCCN), the practice of chest radiography is only for patients classified at the stage 2 and 3 in WHO classification. For KUMAR, LEUNG and our results, it is recommended systematically to practice the chest radiography . This radiography would be supplemented by a thoracic tomodensitometry with the least suspect lesion. For the hepatic assessment, some recommend the systematic practice of abdominal echography for the advanced nodestages (N3). For others, it will be indicated only for the symptomatic patients. For (AJCC)/ (UICC) abdominal echography is systematic.For the osseous assessment, KRAIPHIBUL recommends the practice of the osseous scintiscanning only for patients having signs of osseous call but LEUNG and SHAM recommend the practice of the osseous scintiscanning only for the patients having cervical node N3.Key words: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma/ extension assessment/ metastasis

22q11 Deletion Syndrome and Urogenital Manifestations: A Clinicopathological Case Report.

Deletion in the chromosomal region 22q11 results from the abnormal development of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches during embryonic life and presents an expansive phenotype with more than 180 clinical features described that involve every organ and system. A 23-year-old African woman presented for the first trimester echography, which revealed an isolated anechoic structure suggesting a ureteral dilatation. The suspicion of a malposition of great arteries in the second trimester indicated an amniocentesis leading to a diagnosis of 22q11 deletion. At 32 weeks, the patient was admitted for premature rupture of membranes and gave birth 2 weeks later to a male newborn who presented a respiratory distress syndrome and probably died secondary to a tracheal stenosis. Necropsy revealed typical clinical features of 22q11 deletion associated with left renal agenesis, hypospadias, and penile hypoplasia. We report a case of 22q11 deletion syndrome with typical clinical features associated with urogenital manifestations suspected at the first trimester ultrasound

Effects of moderate- vs. high-intensity interval training on physical fitness, enjoyment, and affective valence in overweight/obese female adolescents: a pre-/post-test study

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 12-week moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) vs. high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body composition, physical fitness, and psychological valence in overweight/obese (OW/OB) female adolescents. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-eight OW/OB female students were randomized into HIIT (n=13), MIIT (n=13) or control (n=12) groups. The participants underwent a 12-week interval-training program at 100% to 110% and 60% to 75% of maximal aerobic speed for HIIT and MIIT, respectively. The control group kept their usual physical activity without completing the training program. Pre- and post-training measurements were performed to assess body composition, aerobic capacity, and anaerobic performance (using selected tests evaluating speed, jumping ability, and strength). Ratings of perceived exertion and the feeling scale were evaluated every three weeks. Enjoyment was measured at the end of the program. A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measurements was applied to test for "group×time" interactions for body composition, physical fitness, and affective variables. RESULTS Significant "group×time" interactions were detected for aerobic and anaerobic performance, body composition indices, and the feeling scale. HIIT resulted in more noticeable improvements in body composition and physical performance than MIIT, while no significant changes were found in the control group. Throughout the program, the feeling score has progressively increased in the MIIT group but decreased in the HIIT group. Ratings of the perceived exertion have increased in both groups, more noticeably in the HIIT group. At the end of the program, the MIIT group showed a higher enjoyment score. CONCLUSIONS Despite offering better body composition improvement and physical fitness enhancement, HIIT offered lesser enjoyment and affective valence than MIIT in OW/OB female adolescents. MIIT might be an alternative time-efficient protocol for improving health in this population

Recommendations for the surgical treatment of endometriosis—part 1: ovarian endometrioma

Study question: What does this document on the surgical treatment of endometriosis jointly prepared by the European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy (ESGE), ESHRE, and the World Endometriosis Society (WES) provide? / Summary answer: This document provides recommendations covering technical aspects of different methods of surgery for endometriomas in women of reproductive age. / What is already known: Endometriomas (ovarian endometriotic cysts) are a commonly diagnosed form of endometriosis, owing to the relative ease and accuracy of ultrasound diagnosis. They frequently present a clinical dilemma as to whether and how to treat them when found during imaging or incidentally during surgery. Previously published guidelines have provided recommendations based on the best available evidence, but without technical details on the management of endometriosis. / Study design, size and duration: A working group of ESGE, ESHRE and WES collaborated on writing recommendations on the practical aspects of endometrioma surgery. / Participants/materials, setting and methods: This document focused on endometrioma surgery. Further documents in this series will provide recommendations for surgery of deep and peritoneal endometriosis. / Main results and the role of chance: The document presents general recommendations for surgery of endometrioma and specific recommendations for cystectomy, ablation by laser or by plasma energy, electrocoagulation and a combination of these techniques applied together or with an interval between them. / Limitations and reasons for caution: Owing to the limited evidence available, recommendations are mostly based on clinical expertise. / Wider implications of the findings: These recommendations complement previous guidelines on the management of endometriosis. / Study funding/competing interests: The meetings of the working group were funded by ESGE, ESHRE and WES. CB declares to be a member of the independent data monitoring committee for a clinical study by ObsEva and receiving research grants from Bayer, Roche Diagnostics, MDNA Life Sciences and Volition. ES received honoraria for provision of training to healthcare professionals from Ethicon, Olympus and Gedeon Richter. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest

External beam radiotherapy boost versus surgical debulking followed by radiotherapy for the treatment of metastatic lymph nodes in cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We aimed to assess disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and treatment-related toxicity of two therapeutic strategies for treating bulky lymph nodes on imaging in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC): radiotherapy boost versus surgical debulking followed by radiotherapy. We performed a systematic review of studies published up to October 2023. We selected studies including patients with LACC treated by external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) boost or lymph node debulking followed by EBRT (with or without boost). We included two comparative (included in the meta-analysis) and nine non-comparative studies. The estimated 3-year recurrence rate was 28.2% (95%CI:18.3-38.0) in the EBRT group and 39.9% (95%CI:22.1-57.6) in the surgical debulking plus EBRT group. The estimated 3-year DFS was 71.8% and 60.1%, respectively (p = 0.19). The estimated 3-year death rate was 22.2% (95%CI:11.2-33.2) in the EBRT boost group and 31.9% (95%CI:23.3-40.5) in the surgical debulking plus EBRT group. The estimated 3-year OS was 77.8% and 68.1%, respectively (p = 0.04). No difference in lymph node recurrence between the two comparative studies (p = 0.36). The meta-analysis of the two comparative studies showed no DFS difference (p = 0.13) but better OS in the radiotherapy boost group (p = 0.006). The incidence of grade≥3 toxicities (ranging 0-50%) was not different between the two approaches in the two comparative studies (p = 0.31). No DFS and toxicity difference when comparing EBRT boost with surgical debulking of enlarged lymph nodes and EBRT in patients with cervical cancer was evident. Radiotherapy boost had better OS. Further investigation is required to better understand the prognostic role of surgical lymph node debulking in light of radiotherapy developments

The Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast Cancer: Problems Posed by Examination During Surgery. A Review of Current Literature and Management

The presence of tumor cells can be identified in the lymph node when metastasis has occurred from the primary cancer site into the lymph node (1) If the sentinel lymph node ganglion is negative for the presence of tumor cells at the time of histological examination, the other lymph nodes are also negative in 99% of cases. If no tumor cells are identified in the sentinel lymph node ganglion by histological examination, the other lymph nodes are also negative for the presence of tumor cells in 99% of cases. The sentinel lymph node advantageously replaces axillary dissection as a staging method in breast cancer T1 and T2 (2). Approximately 40% of breast cancers metastasize to axillary lymph nodes and metastatic extension depends on disease stage. Sentinel lymph nodes are affected in the following stages: T1a (4.3%), T1b (19.5%), T1c (23.8%), T2 (48.9%), T3 (66.7%)