9 research outputs found
Holoprosencéphalie : A propos d’un cas
L'holoprosencĂ©phalie (HPE) est une malformation cĂ©rĂ©brale complexe rĂ©sultant d'une division incomplète du prosencĂ©phale, survenant entre le 18ème et le 28ème jour de vie embryonnaire et affectant Ă la fois le cerveau et la face. Trois degrĂ©s de sĂ©vĂ©ritĂ© croissante ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits : l'holoprosencĂ©phalie lobaire, semi-lobaire, et alobaire. Des anomalies de la face peuvent s'associer Ă la malformation cĂ©rĂ©brale (leur gravitĂ© reflète grossièrement le degrĂ© de sĂ©vĂ©ritĂ© de l'holoprosencĂ©phalie). Les Ă©tiologies sont essentiellement les anomalies chromosomiques et le diabète maternel. Le diagnostic repose sur l’échographie et l’IRM antĂ©natales au troisième trimestre de la grossesse, la clinique, l’échographie trans-fontanellaire, la TDM et surtout l’IRM cĂ©rĂ©brale. Le diagnostic gĂ©nĂ©tique fait appel au caryotype. Nous dĂ©crivons un cas d’ holoprosencĂ©phalie dĂ©couverte après un accouchement survenu Ă 30 SA, chez une patiente primigeste de 26 ans, mal suivie, ayant une consanguinitĂ© du premier degrĂ©, non supplĂ©mentĂ©e en acide folique, et ayant pris du fenugrec au cours du premier trimestre de sa grossesse. Dans la majoritĂ© des cas, le pronostic est rĂ©servĂ©. Â
\uc9tude de souches de **Neisseria meningitidis** s\ue9rogroupe B isol\ue9es \ue0 Casablanca par **multilocus sequence typing** et \ue9lectrophor\ue8se en champ puls\ue9 = Use of multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for the study of serogroup B **Neisseria meningitidis** isolates from Casablanca (Morocco)
Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae Type B by Real-Time PCR from Dried Blood Spot Samples among Children with Pneumonia: A Useful Approach for Developing Countries
BACKGROUND: Dried blood spot (DBS) is a reliable blood collection method for storing samples at room temperature and easily transporting them. We have previously validated a Real-Time PCR for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in DBS. The objective of this study was to apply this methodology for the diagnosis of S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) in DBS samples of children with pneumonia admitted to two hospitals in Mozambique and Morocco. METHODS: Ply and wzg genes of S. pneumoniae and bexA gene of Hib, were used as targets of Real-Time PCR. 329 DBS samples of children hospitalized with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia were tested. RESULTS: Real-Time PCR in DBS allowed for a significant increase in microbiological diagnosis of S. pneumoniae and Hib. When performing blood bacterial culture, only ten isolates of S. pneumoniae and none of Hib were detected (3·0% positivity rate, IC95% 1·4-5·5%). Real-Time PCR from DBS samples increased the detection yield by 4x fold, as 30 S. pneumoniae and 11 Hib cases were detected (12·4% positivity rate, IC95% 9·0-16·5%; P<0·001). CONCLUSION: Real-Time PCR applied in DBS may be a valuable tool for improving diagnosis and surveillance of pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae or Hib in developing countries