МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ПРОВЕДЕНИЮ ВЫБОРОЧНЫХ ОБСЛЕДОВАНИЙ МИКРООРГАНИЗАЦИЙ

This article presents sampling methodology for micro-entities survey by economic activity, problems associated with introducing sample surveys of enterprises into official statistical practice (on the example of the CIS countries). There is an analysis of the potential use of random samples without stratification, simple, proportional, optimal allocation, systematic, cluster samples. The following approaches to formation of multivariate sample design are summarized: typified, multiple sampling frames, stratification by a composite variable, combined methods. The author considers the sample of micro-enterprises that includes selection algorithm for enterprises, determining optimal sample size by economic activities and regions. HT-, GREG-, and SIN- estimators are recommended for statistical weighing. It is proposed to use a combination of univariate and multivariate samples, multivariant statistical weighting.В статье обосновывается методология проведения выборочных обследований микроорганизаций по видам деятельности, проблемы внедрения выборочных обследований предприятий в практику официальной статистики (на примере стран СНГ). Проанализированы возможности применения случайных выборок без расслоения, с простым, пропорциональным, оптимальным расслоением, механических, серийных выборок. Обобщены подходы к построению многомерных выборок: типизированные и множественные основы выборки, расслоение по композитному признаку, комбинированные методы. Рассмотрен механизм формирования выборочной совокупности микроорганизаций, включая алгоритм отбора предприятий, определение оптимального объема выборки по видам деятельности и регионам. Рекомендуется статистическое оценивание трех видов: HT-, GREG- и SYN- оценки. Предложено использовать комбинацию одномерных и многомерных методов, многовариантное статистическое взвешивание

Radical radiotherapy for paediatric solid tumour metastases:An overview of current European protocols and outcomes of a SIOPE multicenter survey

Purpose/objective: About 20% of children with solid tumours (ST) present with distant metastases (DM). Evidence regarding the use of radical radiotherapy of these DM is sparse and open for personal interpretation. The aim of this survey was to review European protocols and to map current practice regarding the irradiation of DM across SIOPE-affiliated countries. Materials/methods: Radiotherapy guidelines for metastatic sites (bone, brain, distant lymph nodes, lung and liver) in eight European protocols for rhabdomyosarcoma, non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft-tissue sarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, neuroblastoma and renal tumours were reviewed. SIOPE centres irradiating >= 50 children annually were invited to participate in an online survey. Results: Radiotherapy to at least one metastatic site was recommended in all protocols, except for high-risk neuroblastoma. Per protocol, dose prescription varied per site, and information on delineation and treatment planning/delivery was generally missing. Between July and September 2019, 20/27 centres completed the survey. Around 14% of patients were deemed to have DM from ST at diagnosis, of which half were treated with curative intent. A clear cut-off for a maximum number of DM was not used in half of the centres. Regardless of the tumour type and site, conventional radiotherapy regimens were most commonly used to treat DM. When stereotactic radiotherapy was used, a wide range of fractionation regimens were applied. Conclusion: Current radiotherapy guidelines for DM do not allow a consistent approach in a multicentre setting. Prospective (randomised) trials are needed to define the role of radical irradiation of DM from paediatric ST. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd

The Impact of eHealth on the Quality and Safety of Health Care: A Systematic Overview

Aziz Sheikh and colleagues report the findings of their systematic overview that assessed the impact of eHealth solutions on the quality and safety of health care

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

Tourism in Belarus: indicators, satellite account and surveys

The paper describes the tourism satellite account methodology, main tourism trends, problems of introduction of tourism households and establishment surveys in practice of Belarusian official statistics. The sampling frame, sampling design, precision estimation information sources are considere

Micro-Entities and Small Enterprises Surveys in Belarus

SECTION 5 SURVEY ANALYSIS AND OFFICIAL STATISTIC

Tourism in Belarus: indicators, satellite account and surveys

The paper describes the tourism satellite account methodology, main tourism trends, problems of introduction of tourism households and establishment surveys in practice of Belarusian official statistics. The sampling frame, sampling design, precision estimation information sources are considere

Labour force survey: methodological problems

The main principles, characteristics and problems of Labour Force Survey (LFS), conducted by the State Statistics of Belarus are considered. The purposes, sampling plan, sample design, data collection mode, the methods of estimation are analyzed

Generation of Small Enterprises’ Multivariate Sample Aggregates

The work gives methodology of small enterprises’ multivariate sample aggregates in order to provide more comprehensive statistical evaluation of small institutional units’ economic activity. The strategy is found on usage cluster analysis. The article provides results of small enterprises’ selection carried out in Minsk City