Pengaruh Maleated Natural Rubber Terhadap Morfologi Dan Sifat Thermoset Rubber Dengan Filler Abu Sawit - Carbon Black

Oil palm ash is a solid waste that is generated from the burning of oil palm shell. It was assumed, this material can be a filler to improve the properties of thermoset rubber because it contains elements of silica. It is expected processing the filler to nano size, the filler can blend with (TR) thermoset Rubber for the improvement. This study aims to improve the properties and morphology of natural rubber-based thermoset rubber by using oil palm ash as filler. Nanofiller-making process begins with the conversion of oil palm ash size into nanometer sizes using ballmill. Variable levels of research was nanofiller (30 and 50 phr), the ratio of palm ash / carbon black (0/100, 30/70 and 50/50), concentrations of coupling agent MNR (maleated natural rubber) 1.3 and 5 phr. Rubber compound made by mixing natural rubber and nanofiller into rollmill with MNR coupling agent, additives ZnO, Stearic Acid, TMQ (Trimethylquinone), MBTS (Mercaptodibenzothiazyldisulfide) and sulfur for ± 50 minutes. After the rubber mastication, molding was done using hot press at temperature of 200oC and pressure of 50 kgf / cm 2 for 10 minutes. Once formed, the thermoset rubber was exposed to some testing which were mechanical properties, namely tensile strength, elongation at break, tension set using the ISO 527-2 standard type 5A with UTM (Universal Testing Machine), Hardness Test, abrasion test, water absorption test. And analysis of SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) to depict TR morphology. The results showed the best properties and morphology of TR obtained at 30 phr filler content, 30/70 rasio of palm ash / carbon black and 3 phr MNR content which was 23.214 MPa tensile strenght, 832.641% elongation at break, 1, 77% Tension Set, 58± 5 Shore A Hardness and 0.22 mm3/Kg Abrasion Resistance

Status Gizi dan Kualitas Hidup pada Lansia Pengguna Gigitiruan Penuh di Kota Makassar

Prevalensi kehilangan seluruh gigi pada lansia di Indonesia cukup tinggi, khususnya di kota Makassar. Kehilangan gigi yang tidak disertai dengan penggantian gigi palsu akan menggangu asupan nutrisi yang akan berdampak pada kesehatan secara umum yang pada akhirnya akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan penggunaan gigitiruan penuh dengan status gizi dan kualitas hidup pada lansia di Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan stratified random sampling, yaitu Kecamatan Ujung Tanah, Tamalate, dan Ujung Pandang. Sebanyak 283 lansia usia 60 tahun keatas diperoleh dengan purposive samplingbersedia mengikuti penelitian dengan pernyataan persetujuan. Penentuan status gizi menggunakan IMT sedangkan kualitas hidup yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan rongga mulut diperoleh dengan wawancara menggunakan OHIP-14. Hasil analisis chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara penggunaan gigi tiruan penuh dengan status gizi dan kualitas hidup pada lansia yang dilihat pada setiap dimensi OHIP-14 (p≤0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini, yaitu terdapat hubungan penggunaan gigitiruan penuh dengan status gizi dan kualitas hidup pada lansia di Kota Makassar, sehingga dapat dikatakan penggunaan gigi tiruan penuh pada lansia akan meningkatkan status gizi dan kualitas hidupnya

Perancangan Media Promosi Sanggar Tari Gito Maron Art Performa Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Brand Awareness

Gito Maron Art Performa is a group dance studio that tips grow, raise, and foster appreciation of the younger generation of art, the noble and strengthen the nation's love of art and culture as well as understanding the noble values that must be maintained and preserved. Certainly the increasing number of dance studio in Surabaya, which can lead to competition between the dance studio that makes the Gito Maron Art Performance dance studio unknown back. In resolving the problem, the solution is to make updates promotion media was up to date on the current draft and the need for additional promotion media Gito Maron Art Performa dance studio such as web design, flyers, business cards, mini banner, poster, note book, brosur and catalogs. Promotion media can help inform effectively and efficiently to the public, in order to raise awareness of the existence of the studio Gito Maron Art Performa in regions throughout Indonesia, especially in East Java

Adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) 3D in low dose CT abdomen-pelvis: effects on image quality and radiation exposure

The widespread use of computed tomography (CT) has increased the medical radiation exposure and cancer risk. We aimed to evaluate the impact of AIDR 3D in CT abdomen-pelvic examinations based on image quality and radiation dose in low dose (LD) setting compared to standard dose (STD) with filtered back projection (FBP) reconstruction. We retrospectively reviewed the images of 40 patients who underwent CT abdomen-pelvic using a 80 slice CT scanner. Group 1 patients (n=20, mean age 41 ± 17 years) were performed at LD with AIDR 3D reconstruction and Group 2 patients (n=20, mean age 52 ± 21 years) were scanned with STD using FBP reconstruction. Objective image noise was assessed by region of interest (ROI) measurements in the liver and aorta as standard deviation (SD) of the attenuation value (Hounsfield Unit, HU) while subjective image quality was evaluated by two radiologists. Statistical analysis was used to compare the scan length, CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and image quality of both patient groups. Although both groups have similar mean scan length, the CTDIvol significantly decreased by 38% in LD CT compared to STD CT (p<0.05). Objective and subjective image quality were statistically improved with AIDR 3D (p<0.05). In conclusion, AIDR 3D enables significant dose reduction of 38% with superior image quality in LD CT abdomen-pelvis

Assessment of knowledge and awareness among radiology personnel regarding current computed tomography technology and radiation dose

In this paper, we evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness among 120 radiology personnel working in 7 public hospitals in Johor, Malaysia, concerning Computed Tomography (CT) technology and radiation doses based on a set of questionnaires. Subjects were divided into two groups (Medical profession (Med, n=32) and Allied health profession (AH, n=88). The questionnaires are addressed: (1) demographic data (2) relative radiation dose and (3) knowledge of current CT technology. One-third of respondents from both groups were able to estimate relative radiation dose for routine CT examinations. 68% of the allied health profession personnel knew of the Malaysia regulations entitled 'Basic Safety Standard (BSS) 2010', although notably 80% of them had previously attended a radiation protection course. No significant difference (p < 0.05) in mean scores of CT technology knowledge detected between the two groups, with the medical professions producing a mean score of (26.7 ± 2.7) and the allied health professions a mean score of (25.2 ± 4.3). This study points to considerable variation among the respondents concerning their understanding of knowledge and awareness of risks of radiation and CT optimization techniques

Radiation dose to physicians' eye lens during interventional radiology

The demand of interventional radiology has increased, leading to significant risk of radiation where eye lens dose assessment becomes a major concern. In this study, we investigate physicians' eye lens doses during interventional procedures. Measurement were made using TLD-100 (LiF: Mg, Ti) dosimeters and was recorded in equivalent dose at a depth of 0.07 mm, Hp(0.07). Annual Hp(0.07) and annual effective dose were estimated using workload estimation for a year and Von Boetticher algorithm. Our results showed the mean Hp(0.07) dose of 0.33 mSv and 0.20 mSv for left and right eye lens respectively. The highest estimated annual eye lens dose was 29.33 mSv per year, recorded on left eye lens during fistulogram procedure. Five physicians had exceeded 20 mSv dose limit as recommended by international commission of radiological protection (ICRP). It is suggested that frequent training and education on occupational radiation exposure are necessary to increase knowledge and awareness of the physicians' thus reducing dose during the interventional procedure

Establishment of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) reference level in Johor, Malaysia

Radiation doses from computed tomography (CT) are the highest and most hazardous compared to other imaging modalities. This study aimed to evaluate radiation dose in Johor, Malaysia to patients during computed tomography examinations of the brain, chest and abdomen and to establish the local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as are present with the current, state- of-art, multi-slice CT scanners. Survey forms were sent to five centres performing CT to obtain data regarding acquisition parameters as well as the dose information from CT consoles. CT- EXPO (Version 2.3.1, Germany) was used to validate the dose information. The proposed DRLs were indicated by rounding the third quartiles of whole dose distributions where mean values of CTDIw(mGy), CTDIvol(mGy) and DLP (mGy.cm) were comparable with other reference levels; 63, 63, and 1015 respectively for CT Brain; 15, 14, and 450 respectively for CT thorax and 16, 17, and 590 respectively for CT abdomen. The study revealed that the CT practice and dose output were revolutionised, and must keep up with the pace of introductory technology. We suggest that CTDI volshould be included in current national DRLs, as modern CTs are configured with a higher number of detectors and are independent of pitch factors