The Ideological Questions of Marriage in Thomas Hardy's Jude the Obscure

As one of the prominent ideologies of the nineteenth-century— in a complex interrelation with other contemporary ideological discourses particularly femininity and marriage—religion adopts a critical stance in Hardy's presentation of characters. Breaching the religio-conventional image of femininity as “Angel in the House” and “Cow Woman,” Hardy's Jude the Obscure (1895) is indeed deemed to be his milestone in presenting his anti-Christian attitudes towards the contemporary religion. This study aims to present Hardy's outright hostility towards the nineteenth-century Christianity through his creation of non-conformist characters, necessitating a parallel study with other contemporary discourses regarding marriage and femininity, and conflict with the religion of the time. Hardy's magnum opus, the work on which he was to stake his final reputation as a novelist, was clearly Jude the Obscure which as a noticeable socio-religious experimentation of the late nineteenth-century, reveals Hardy's perception of new ideas about femininity and marriage by presenting the hot contemporary issues of “New Woman” and “Free Union” through the development and presentation of Sue Bridehead and her free union with Jude, respectively. Hardy's presentation of Sue Bridehead as a “New Woman,” and employing the “Free Union” in marked contrast with the nineteenth-century convention of marriage as a “Bonded Pair” is Hardy's closing upshot of his final novelistic attempt. The non-conformist Jude and Sue are presented as figures touching the Victorian Christian standards of morality, while, the final tragic destiny of Jude and Sue's helplessness attest to the writer's substantial contribution as a Victorian male novelist to the ideologies circulating at the time

Introducing Waqf Based Takaful Model in India

Objective – Waqf is a unique feature of the socioeconomic system of Islam in a multi- religious and developing country like India. India is a rich country with waqf assets. The history of waqf in India can be traced back to 800 years ago. Most of the researchers, suggest how waqf can be used a tool to mitigate the poverty of Muslims. India has the third highest Muslim population after Indonesia and Pakistan. However, the majority of Muslims belong to the low income group and they are in need of help. It is believed that waqf can be utilized for the betterment of Indian Muslim community. Among the available uses of waqf assets, the main objective of this paper is to introduce waqf based takaful model in India. In addition, how this proposed model can be adopted in India is highlighted.Methods – Library research is applied since this paper relies on secondary data by thoroughlyreviewing the most relevant literature.Result – India as a rich country with waqf assets should fully utilize the resources to help the Muslims through takaful.Conclusion – In this study, we have proposed waqf based takaful model with the combination of the concepts mudarabah and wakalah for India. We recommend this model based on the background of the country and situations. Since we have not tested the viability of this model in India, future research should be continued on this testing

Dinamika Populasi Bakteri dan Total Asam pada Fermentasi Bekasam Ikan Patin (Pangasius Hypopthalmus)

Bekasam merupakan produk makanan tradisional hasil fermentasi dari ikan air tawar dengan penambahan nasi dan garam. Selama proses fermentasi, sumber karbohidrat dipecah menjadi gula-gula sederhana, kemudian diubah menjadi alkohol dan asam. Penggunaan jenis ikan pada pembuatan bekasam berpengaruh terhadap jumlah bakteri asam laktat dan kadar asam laktat yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah total bakteri dan bakteri asam laktat serta kadar asam laktat yang dihasilkan selama proses fermentasi bekasam ikan patin siam (Pangasius hypopthalmus). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Februari 2017 di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode titrimetri untuk menentukan kadar asam laktat dan metode Angka Lempeng Total untuk menentukan jumlah bakteri. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 2 hari, 4 hari, 6 hari, 7 hari, 8 hari dan 10 hari dengan 2 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi: penghitungan jumlah total bakteri dan bakteri asam laktat , pengukuran kadar asam laktat, pengukuran pH serta uji organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai total bakteri asam laktat meningkat sampai fermentasi hari ke-6, nilai total bakteri mengalami penurunan, total asam tertitrasi meningkat, sedangkan nilai pH menurun

Effectiveness of an electronic hand hygiene monitoring system on healthcare workers’ compliance to guidelines

SummaryHand hygiene is a growing concern among populations and is a crucial element in ensuring patient safety in a healthcare environment. Numerous management efforts have been conducted in that regard, including education, awareness and observations. To better evaluate the possible impact of technology on a healthcare setting, we observed the impact of a particular niche technology developed as an answer to the growing hand hygiene concerns. A study was conducted at Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC) in Bahrain on a total of 16 Coronary Care Unit (CCU) beds where the system was installed, and the hand hygiene activity of healthcare workers (HCWs) in this area was monitored for a total period of 28 days. Comments, remarks and suggestions were noted, and improvements were made to the technology during the course of the trial. While resistance to change was significant, overall results were satisfactory. Compliance with hand hygiene techniques went from 38–42% to 60% at the beginning of the trial and then increased to an average of 75% at the end of the 28-day trial. In some cases, compliance peaked at 85% or even at 100%. Our case study demonstrates that technology can be used effectively in promoting and improving hand hygiene compliance in hospitals, which is one way to prevent cross-infections, especially in critical care areas

Hematologic and cytogenetic findings in eleven chronic myelogenous leukemia patients treated with imatinib mesylate at a tertiary care hospital

Objective: To evaluate the response of Imatinib mesylate in patients with myeloid leukemia in chronic ,accelerated and blast phase. Methods:Eleven patients with established diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia were treatedwith Imatinib mesylate. Adverse events were documented with regular follow ups. Hematological and cytogeneticresponses were assessed according to established criteria. Patients with zero percent Philadelphia positivemetaphases were labeled as complete cytogenetic response while patients with 1% to 35% Philadelphia positive metaphases were termed as partial responders. Results: Of 11 cases there were 7 males and 4 females with a mean age of 39.5 years and median age 51 years(range 21-69). Male to female ratio was 7:4. Median follow-up was 34 weeks (range 8-78). Four patients werein blast crisis, 1 in accelerated phase and remaining six patients were in chronic phase. All patients achieved hematological response. Cytogenetic response was present in six patients, 3 were responders and the remainingwere non responders. Two patients achieved complete cytogenetic response and one patient had partial cytogenetic response. Both patients with complete cytogenetic response relapsed in twelve weeks time. Conclusion: Imatinib mesylate is a drug with curative potential and can be used as a first line drug in the management of CML, however at present the cure rate is unknow

Development of a Fiber Laser with Independently Adjustable Properties for Optical Resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Photoacoustic imaging is based on the detection of generated acoustic waves through thermal expansion of tissue illuminated by short laser pulses. Fiber lasers as an excitation source for photoacoustic imaging have recently been preferred for their high repetition frequencies. Here, we report a unique fiber laser developed specifically for multiwavelength photoacoustic microscopy system. The laser is custom-made for maximum flexibility in adjustment of its parameters; pulse duration (5–10 ns), pulse energy (up to 10 μJ) and repetition frequency (up to 1 MHz) independently from each other and covers a broad spectral region from 450 to 1100 nm and also can emit wavelengths of 532, 355, and 266 nm. The laser system consists of a master oscillator power amplifier, seeding two stages; supercontinuum and harmonic generation units. The laser is outstanding since the oscillator, amplifier and supercontinuum generation parts are all-fiber integrated with custom-developed electronics and software. To demonstrate the feasibility of the system, the images of several elements of standardized resolution test chart are acquired at multiple wavelengths. The lateral resolution of optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy system is determined as 2.68 μm. The developed system may pave the way for spectroscopic photoacoustic microscopy applications via widely tunable fiber laser technologies

Espécies arbóreas nativas com potencial para recuperação de paisagens alteradas em Rondônia.

Com base na literatura sobre a ocorrência de espécies nativas da região amazônica e em listas de inventários realizados na porção ocidental da Amazônia, são apresentadas informações sobre a ecologia, silvicultura e plantio, com o objetivo de reunir informações sobre seis espécies arbóreas nativas da região amazônica com potencial para a recuperação de paisagens alteradas em Rondônia.bitstream/item/24814/1/doc128-especiesarboreas.pd