Relationship between chronic periodontitis and metabolic syndrome: a case-control study

Background: The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the periodontal status of patients with metabolic syndrome compared to general healthy individuals and to determine whether the periodontal status was consistent with the values of the metabolic components.Methods: A total of ninety patients were examined in this study. Group one consisted of forty five patients who were confirmed to have metabolic syndrome and group two consisted of forty five age and sex matched healthy controls. Plaque index, Gingival Bleeding Index (Ainamo & Bay), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CEJ), total number of missing teeth and the reasons for extraction were also noted. Medical examination and blood investigations included measurement of height, weight, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, Body-Mass Index (BMI), serum lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to NCEP ATP III definition. The results obtained were analyzed statistically using SYSTAT html output.Results: The results of the present study showed that the periodontal condition of group one patients were poor compared to group two patients. The periodontal conditioned worsened with an increase in the metabolic components.Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, it can be concluded that that periodontitis and metabolic syndrome were confounding the systemic effects of each other. Dentists should counsel their patients regarding the health hazards of metabolic syndrome and periodontitis and motivate them to maintain good oral hygiene and follow healthy life-style. Keywords: Chronic periodontitis, Metabolic syndrome (MS), Systemic disease

Ridge augmentation and root coverage using acellular dermal matrix: A case report

Excessive alveolar bone resorption is commonly found when teeth are extracted. This is a problem in anterior part of mouth because it will result in an unaesthetic pontic on a narrow hollowed out alveolar ridge. Yet, another problem is gingival recession and root exposure in adjacent teeth which represent a therapeutic problem to the clinician. Use of acellular dermal matrix graft is an appropriate solution to obtain root coverage in areas with localized or generalized soft tissue recessions, particularly if the recessions create aesthetic concern or root sensitivity or shallow root caries lesions. This case report describes a surgical technique using acellular dermal matrix graft on a class III ridge defect and Millers grade II gingival recessions. There was a gain in both bucco-lingual and apico-coronal dimensions of the ridge, in both height and width directions, when compared to baseline and after 3 months. Recession was also covered compared to the baseline condition

Local and systemic antioxidants in preeclamptic pregnant women with and without Periodontitis

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES :                         To investigate the total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde level in serum & gingival crevicular fluid in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women with and without periodontal disease METHODS:                         A total of 60 pregnant patients whose age ranging from 20 - 35 years attending the Department of gynecology Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital were selected for the present study and were divided into four groups as PREECLAMPTIC PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PERIODONTAL DISEASE, PREECLAMPTIC WITHOUT PERIODONTITIS, NORMOTENSIVE PREGNANT WOMEN  WITH PERIODONTITIS AND NORMOTENSIVE WITHOUT PERIODONTITIS.                         Following clinical examination Gingival crevicular fluid and blood sample was collected to analyze total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels. RESULTS:                          Preeclamptic pregnant women had more periodontal involvement than normotensive pregnant women. The serum and gingival crevicular fluid total antioxidant capacity was lower in preeclamptic women with periodontal involvement than the normotensive and those without periodontitis whereas the levels of serum and gingival crevicular fluid malondialdehyde levels were higher in Preeclamptic Periodontitis individuals when compared with normotensive and those without Periodontitis. CONCLUSION Preeclamptic pregnant women have reduced antioxidants and increased oxidative stress and maternal Periodontal disease could worsen the condition.     KEY WORDS: Antioxidants,Periodontitis, Preeclampsia, Oxidative stress   Total word count- 192 word

Enhanced levels of λ Red-mediated recombinants in mismatch repair mutants

Homologous recombination can be used to generate recombinants on episomes or directly on the Escherichia coli chromosome with PCR products or synthetic single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) oligonucleotides (oligos). Such recombination is possible because bacteriophage λ-encoded functions, called Red, efficiently recombine linear DNA with homologies as short as 20–70 bases. This technology, termed recombineering, provides ways to modify genes and segments of the chromosome as well as to study homologous recombination mechanisms. The Red Beta function, which binds and anneals ssDNA to complementary ssDNA, is able to recombine 70-base oligos with the chromosome. In E. coli, methyl-directed mismatch repair (MMR) can affect these ssDNA recombination events by eliminating the recombinant allele and restoring the original sequence. In so doing, MMR can reduce the apparent recombination frequency by >100-fold. In the absence of MMR, Red-mediated oligo recombination can incorporate a single base change into the chromosome in an unprecedented 25% of cells surviving electroporation. Our results show that Beta is the only bacteriophage function required for this level of recombination and suggest that Beta directs the ssDNA to the replication fork as it passes the target sequence