Comparison and reliability of yield tables of beech stands of western Ukraine and southern Sweden

The forest plays vital role in economy of the most countries. It is a source of wood and food, has recreational, sanitary-hygienic, curative, soil-protective, water regulative and other significances. Increase of necessities of societies and economies in wood and useful functions of the forest causes new requirements to forestry. Scientific researches, which perfect knowledge about the features of growth, morphology and ecology of stands in general, help to find solution to these requirements. Study about the features of yield of beech stands is necessary and substantial element of general cognition about morphology of the forest, elaboration of scientific theoretical conclusions and applied recommendations concerning utilization of forest resources. The goal of work was comparison of growth and productivity of beech stands of plane part of western Ukraine and southern Sweden and determination of reliability of the comparable yield tables in both countries relying on data of permanent sample plots. Analysis of deviations of the basic inventory indexes on all sample plots regarding data of the yield tables and estimate of Student’s criterion point at possibility of reliable determining of the inventory indices by using Swedish and Ukrainian yield tables created on basis of site condition. Site conditions and approaches concerning forming and growing in Ukraine and Sweden do not enable to recommend one of the type of analyzed yield tables for an estimation and prognosis of development of beech stands in both countries. This research is important first of all for determination of regularities of growth of the beech stands in different climatic conditions. Results demonstrate different character of growth and development of the stands in investigated conditions

Main forestry and management indices of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands involving beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in composition of Ukrainian Roztochchia

As of 2019, the total area of forest stands with the varying proportion of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in composition on the Ukrainian Roztochchia was 11,251.3 ha and the area of pine stands involving European beech in composition was 6879.5 ha. Pine stands involving beech in composition are formed on the fresh, moist and boggy relatively pure and relatively rich soil condition. Pine forest stands (average share of pine exceeds 56%), which include beech in composition occupy more than 80% of the total area of interest. Mature and overmature forest stands dominate most of the landscape. More than 85% of stands are characterized by an average relative completeness. Undergrowth of deciduous tree species, which is mainly formed by European beech or hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and rarely by common oak (Quercus robur L.) or sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), is available under a canopy of middle-aged, ripening and mature stands. The study points to the need to rethink forest management approaches and eventually to use such methods of forest cuttings that ensure natural regeneration not only of a European beech and common oak, but primarily of a pine. The practice of creating pine plantations in such conditions favourable for its growth and development should be used only in those cases when it is impossible to achieve natural regeneration of pine