Online Sustainability Disclosure: Assessing Customer’s Influence And The Use Of Web As A Medium Of Communication Among The Public Listed Companies In Malaysia

Sejak dekad yang lalu, pelbagai isu alam sekitar, sosial dan ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh syarikat korporat telah menjejaskan kehidupan pelbagai pihak yang berkepentingan. Over the past decade, various environmental, social and economic issues caused by the corporate companies are affecting various stakeholders

Connection in Joints for Thin-Walled Steel Sections and Sheeting

Thin-walled cold-formed members are thin, this will give rise to behavioural phenomena, which are not usually encountered in the more familiar hot-rolled sections. When compared to hot-rolled steel sections, cold-formed thin-walled steel sections are more likely to fail in local buckling, distortional buckling, various global buckling and shear buckling. This paper will discuss types of connection in Jjoints for coldformed thin-walled sections and steel sheeting. Bolts, screws, blind rivets or cartridge fired pins are commonly used in joints for coldformed thin-walled sections or steel sheet connections. Fasteners in light gauge steel tend to be relatively less stiff than their counterparts in heavier construction so that connection flexibility can be significant in certain assemblies. Furthermore, as in any load-bearing structure, it is important that connections are not brittle and this implies that there should be adequate deformation capacity

Management of Marine Fisheries Resources in Peninsular Malaysia

The inshore fisheries of Peninsular Malaysia are intensively exploited on the east coast and over-exploited on the west coast. Fishing effort and investment need to be reduced, particularly on the west coast. This is important in order to make harvest more economically efficient in terms of manpower and capital and to conserve the resources. Since 1981 Malaysia has adopted a Fisheries Licensing Policy addressed to (1) the elimination of the competition and ensuing conflict between the traditional fishermen and minitrawler fishermen in inshore waters; (2) the prevention of over-exploitation of the fishery resources in the inshore waters; and (3) the restructuring of the ownership pattern of fishing units in accord with the New Economic Policy. One of the main strategies employed is allocation of fishing grounds through zones, so that areas close to shore are reserved for the smaller vessels. Another main strategy is the regulation of fishing effort through a license limitation to control excess capacity taking into account of the socio-economic and political aspects

ISLAMIC GOLD DINAR: THE HISTORICAL STANDARD

Lately, there have been questions on what the standards for gold dinar and silver dirham should be.  Since the dinar and dirham indeed formed the Shari’ah monetary standards from the time of the Prophet pbuh, our work can, therefore, only involve in the rediscovery of that classical standard.  Henceforth no parties or organizations can come up with their own standards. Since the Islamic gold dinar[1] did not come into existence until about 50 years after the Prophet’s pbuh demise, it is obvious from history that the solidus of the Eastern Roman Byzantine Empire was the monetary basis for the Shari’ah.  Hence the best way to determine the standard is to look at the definition given by its issuer, the Byzantine Empire.  Coins unearthed by archeologist cannot be relied upon for this purpose because such coins generally suffer from wear and possible tempering like clipping etc.  It was found that the actual historical standard for the dinar to be 4.5gm of pure gold and the dirham to be 3.15gm of pure silver.  However, since the role of dinar is simply as a measure of value that depends on the gold-content of the coin and if zakat is based upon 1-year’s provision of foodstuff and not the physical weight of dinars, then the 4.25gm dinar of pure gold and 2.975gm dirham of pure silver, as those circulated during the Prophet’s pbuh era, is the standard since the Prophet had said, “The system of weights and measures is the system of the people of Medina.

Evaluation of Active Cooling Systems for Non-Residential Buildings

Cooling systems are an essential element in many facets of modern society including cars, computers and buildings. Cooling systems are usually divided into two types: passive and active. Passive cooling transfers heat without using any additional energy while active cooling is a type of heat transfer that uses powered devices such as fans or pumps. This paper will focus on one particular type of passive cooling: air-conditioning systems. An air-conditioning system is defined as controlled air movement, temperature, humidity and cleanliness of a building area. Air conditioning consists of cooling and heating. Therefore, the air-conditioning system should be able to add and remove heat from the area. An air-conditioning system is defined as a control or treatment of air in a confined space. The process that occurs is the air-conditioning system absorbs heat and dust while, at the same time, cleaning the air breathed into a closed space. The purpose of air-conditioning is to maintain a comfortable atmosphere for human life and to meet user requirements. In this paper, air-conditioning systems for non-residential buildings will be presented and discussed

Potential of Using Lightweight Foamed Concrete in Composite Load-Bearing Wall Panels In Low-Rise Construction

This paper will look at the potential of using lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) in composite load-bearing wall panels in low-rise construction. From the experimental verification, as expected the mechanical properties of LFC were reasonably low when compared to normal strength concrete. Nonetheless there was a potential of using LFC as fire resistant partition or as load-bearing walls in low-rise residential construction. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this proposal, this paper presents a preliminary feasibility study on its fire resistance and structural performance of LFC based system. The objectives of this feasibility is two-fold; to investigate the fire resistance performance of LFC panels of different densities when exposed to fire on one side for different fire resistance ratings based on insulation requirement and to examine whether the composite walling system had sufficient load carrying capacity, based on compression resistance at ambient temperature

Effective thermal conductivity of foamcrete of different densities

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the thermal conductivity of foamed concrete. Various densities of foamed concrete samples ranging from 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 kg/m3 with constant cement-sand ratio of 2:1 and water-cement ratio of 0.5 were produced. This study was limited to the effect of density, porosity and pore size on thermal conductivity of foamed concrete. Hot-guarded Plate method was used to obtain the thermal conductivity of foamed concrete at different densities. The porosity value of foamed concrete was determined through the Vacuum Saturation Apparatus. In turn to examine the effect of pore size on thermal conductivity of foamed concrete, pore size measurements were made under a microscope with a magnification of 60x. Lower density foamed concrete translates to lower thermal conductivity. The density of foamed concrete is controlled by the porosity where lower density foamed concrete indicates greater porosity. Therefore, thermal conductivity changes considerably with the porosity of foamed concrete because air is the poorest conductor compared to solid and liquid due to its molecular structure

Engineering Performance Of High Strength Concrete Containing Steel Fibre Reinforcement

The development and utilization of the high strength concrete in the construction industry have been increasing rapidly. Fiber reinforced concrete is introduced to overcome the weakness of the conventional concrete because concrete normally can crack under a low tensile force and it is known to be brittle. Steel fibre is proved to be the popular and best combination in the high strength concrete to result the best in the mechanical and durability properties of high strength concrete with consideration of curing time, steel fibre geometry, concrete grade and else more. The incorporation of steel fibre in the mortar mixture is known as steel fibre reinforced concrete have the potential to produce improvement in the workability, strength, ductility and the deformation of high strength concrete. Besides that, steel fibre also increases the tensile strength of concrete and improves the mechanical properties of the steel fibre reinforced concrete. The range for any high strength concrete is between 60MPa-100MPa. Steel fibre reinforced concrete which contains straight fibres has poorer physical properties than that containing hooked end stainless steel fibre due to the length and the hooked steel fibre provide a better effective aspects ratio. Normally, steel fibre tensile strength is in the range of 1100MPa-1700MPa. Addition of less steel fibre volumes in the range of 0.5% to 1.0% can produce better increase in the flexural fatigue strength. The strength can be increased with addition of steel fibre up to certain percentage. This paper will review and present some basic properties of steel fibre reinforced concrete such as mechanical, workability and durability properties

Elastic Modulus of Foamcrete in Compression and Bending at Elevated Temperatures

This paper will presents the experimental results that have been performed to examine and characterize the mechanical properties of foamcrete at elevated temperatures. Foamcrete of 650 and 1000 kg/m3 density were cast and tested under compression and bending. The tests were done at room temperature, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600°C. The results of this study consistently demonstrated that the loss in stiffness for cement based material like foamcrete at elevated temperatures occurs predominantly after about 95°C, regardless of density. This indicates that the primary mechanism causing stiffness degradation is microcracking, which occurs as water expands and evaporates from the porous body. As expected, reducing the density of LFC reduces its strength and stiffness. However, for LFC of different densities, the normalised strength-temperature and stiffnesstemperature relationships are very similar