48 research outputs found

    On the prediction of the curvature of cross roll straightened bars

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    A recently proposed procedure for the simulation of cross roll straightening allows to predict successfully the residual stress distribution in straightened bars as well as their yield stress. Although the procedure allows also to make predictions about the curvature of straightened bars, large discrepancies appear between predictions and exper- iments. The present study aims at understanding the causes of these deviations. The standard experimental setup for the measurement of curvature provides values on the assumption of a constant in-plane curvature. Using a modified procedure for the predic- tion of the curvature, this study shows that, according to the model, the curvature of straightened bars is not constant and not in-plane. The reason for the deviation observed between predictions and measurements is then obvious

    Iron ooid beds of the Carolinefjellet Formation, Spitsbergen, Norway

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    Iron ooid beds are unusual deposits that have been linked to greenhouse conditions and the transgressive flooding of shallow shelves, and which were globally prevalent during certain periods. Within the marine, Aptian-Albian, Carolinefjellet Formation of Spitsbergen, chamosite ooids have been found within distinctive sandstone beds at six localities, and at a consistent stratigraphic position within the basal Dalkjegla Member. Distinctive characteristics include the iron ooids themselves, a coarser grain size, intercalation with silty siderites, grading, cross-beds indicating offshore or longshore transport, and a lack of burrowing. The enclosing sands display planar and hummocky crossstratification and abundant oscillation ripple marks, and are interpreted as lagoon-attached bar complexes. The stratigraphic position and traits of the iron ooid sands are consistent with seaward storm transport and preservation within interbar swales. Ooids vary in shape considerably, and display evidence for multiple growth events. Nuclei of quartz, opaques, carbonate clasts and laminated crusts are typically encircled by finer grained tangential chamosite and opaque laminae, sometimes with outer overgrowths of calcite and/or radial chamosite. The Dalkjegla Member is the marine portion of a large-scale transgressive tract, attached to underlying fluvio-estuarine Helvetiafjellet Formation strata. A lagoonal environment associated with the basal shales of the Dalkjegla Member represents a logical setting, where riverine iron concentration and iron silicate growth could occur. The Spitsbergen iron ooid beds extend the known occurrence of Cretaceous examples, representing a less common High-Latitude example, and one not directly associated with a transgressive flooding surface

    Petrography of Lower Cretaceous sandstones on Spitsbergen

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    The sandstone petrography of sample suites from four sites spanning the Rurikfjellet (Hauterivian) to Carolinefjellet (Aptian–Albian) formations in central Spitsbergen was investigated. The sandstones show a distinct stepwise shift in composition from quartz arenites to sublitharenites and lithic arenites, typically within the upper part of the Helvetiafjellet Formation. This shift is related to the introduction of 10 - 25 % (grain %) plagioclase grains and volcanic lithics, and a notable increase in basement and sedimentary lithics. Quartz grain character also changes, and grain shapes become more varied. The shift is also associated with the transgressive arrival of marine sediments in the area, and the introduction of sands from the east-northeast by shore-parallel transport. Regional regression and subsequent transgression, and the change in sandstone composition is attributed to the development of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province in the region. The relative constancy of sand composition and volume of volcanic detritus within the Carolinefjellet Formation suggests long term (≈ 20 M) stability of the sediment system and a large volcanic source area, consistent with LIP (Large Igneous Province) derivation, along with significant exposure of basement rocks. Sample spacing and sediment recycling and mixing do not allow detection of events that would have changed sandstone composition that were less than ≈ 1 M duration. Preservation of significant amounts of plagioclase in a sediment-starved shelf can be explained by relatively cold climatic conditions

    A Procedure for the Simulation of the Cross Roll Straightening Process

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    Chronic pain management echo project learning collaborative network

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    "Virtual education and continuing medical education (CME) are on the rise. As the available technologies become more affordable and user friendly, it is expected that the acceptance rate will rise accordingly. While CPM ECHO offers a virtual platform for CME, its primary value is in its ability to create knowledge-sharing networks and increase collaboration between organizations and providers. It creates a community of learning, where all teach and all learn. Challenges with chronic pain management are well documented in current literature. In addition, rural providers may encounter barriers such as professional isolation. CPM ECHO uses disruptive innovation technologies (telemedicine) to provide guided practice and increase professional collaboration."--Conclusions

    On the prediction of the curvature of cross roll straightened bars

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    A recently proposed procedure for the simulation of cross roll straightening allows to predict successfully the residual stress distribution in straightened bars as well as their yield stress. Although the procedure allows also to make predictions about the curvature of straightened bars, large discrepancies appear between predictions and exper- iments. The present study aims at understanding the causes of these deviations. The standard experimental setup for the measurement of curvature provides values on the assumption of a constant in-plane curvature. Using a modified procedure for the predic- tion of the curvature, this study shows that, according to the model, the curvature of straightened bars is not constant and not in-plane. The reason for the deviation observed between predictions and measurements is then obvious
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