43 research outputs found
(E)-3-Phenyl-3-(3-phenyl-1H-1-pyrazolyl)-2-propenal
In the title compound C18H14N2O, the pendant rings make dihedral angles of 66.1 (1)° and 13.9 (1) with the central ring. In the crystal, two molecules form a cyclic centrosymmetric R
2
2(22) dimer through pairs of C—H⋯O bonds. These dimers are further connected into zigzag chains extending along the b axis through C—H⋯π and C—H⋯O interactions
Protecting quantum entanglement from leakage and qubit errors via repetitive parity measurements
Protecting quantum information from errors is essential for large-scale
quantum computation. Quantum error correction (QEC) encodes information in
entangled states of many qubits, and performs parity measurements to identify
errors without destroying the encoded information. However, traditional QEC
cannot handle leakage from the qubit computational space. Leakage affects
leading experimental platforms, based on trapped ions and superconducting
circuits, which use effective qubits within many-level physical systems. We
investigate how two-transmon entangled states evolve under repeated parity
measurements, and demonstrate the use of hidden Markov models to detect leakage
using only the record of parity measurement outcomes required for QEC. We show
the stabilization of Bell states over up to 26 parity measurements by
mitigating leakage using postselection, and correcting qubit errors using
Pauli-frame transformations. Our leakage identification method is
computationally efficient and thus compatible with real-time leakage tracking
and correction in larger quantum processors.Comment: 22 pages, 15 figure
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transient Gene Expression and Silencing: A Rapid Tool for Functional Gene Assay in Potato
Potato is the third most important food crop worldwide. However, genetic and genomic research of potato has lagged behind other major crops due to the autopolyploidy and highly heterozygous nature associated with the potato genome. Reliable and technically undemanding techniques are not available for functional gene assays in potato. Here we report the development of a transient gene expression and silencing system in potato. Gene expression or RNAi-based gene silencing constructs were delivered into potato leaf cells using Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration. Agroinfiltration of various gene constructs consistently resulted in potato cell transformation and spread of the transgenic cells around infiltration zones. The efficiency of agroinfiltration was affected by potato genotypes, concentration of Agrobacterium, and plant growth conditions. We demonstrated that the agroinfiltration-based transient gene expression can be used to detect potato proteins in sub-cellular compartments in living cells. We established a double agroinfiltration procedure that allows to test whether a specific gene is associated with potato late blight resistance pathway mediated by the resistance gene RB. This procedure provides a powerful approach for high throughput functional assay for a large number of candidate genes in potato late blight resistance
A preliminary assessment of PM10 and TSP concentrations in Tuticorin, India
The respirable particulate matter (RPM; PM10) and total suspended particulate matter (TSP) concentrations in ambient air in Tuticorin, India, were preliminarily estimated. Statistical analyses on so-generated database were performed to infer frequency distributions and to identify dominant meteorological factor affecting the pollution levels. Both the RPM and TSP levels were well below the permissible limits set by the US Environmental Protection Agency. As expected, lognormal distribution always fit the data during the study period. However, fit with the normal was also acceptable except for very few seasons. The RPM concentrations ranged between 20.9 and 198.2 μg/m3, while the TSP concentrations varied from 51.5 to 333.3 μg/m3 during the study period. There was a better correlation between PM10–100 and TSP concentrations than that of PM10 (RPM) and TSP concentrations, but the correlation of RPM fraction was also acceptable. It was found that wind speed was the most important meteorological factor affecting the concentrations of the pollutants of present interest. Significant seasonal variations in the pollutant concentrations of present interest were found at 5% significance level except for TSP concentrations in the year 2006
Logical-qubit operations in an error-detecting surface code
We realize a suite of logical operations on a distance-two logical qubit
stabilized using repeated error detection cycles. Logical operations include
initialization into arbitrary states, measurement in the cardinal bases of the
Bloch sphere, and a universal set of single-qubit gates. For each type of
operation, we observe higher performance for fault-tolerant variants over
non-fault-tolerant variants, and quantify the difference through detailed
characterization. In particular, we demonstrate process tomography of logical
gates, using the notion of a logical Pauli transfer matrix. This integration of
high-fidelity logical operations with a scalable scheme for repeated
stabilization is a milestone on the road to quantum error correction with
higher-distance superconducting surface codes.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, 2 table
5-[2-Methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)-2-nitropropyl]-4-phenyl-1,2,3-selenadiazole
In the title compound, , the heterocyclic ring makes dihedral angles of 40.74 (12) and 70.38 (15)° with the phenyl and methylphenyl rings, respectively. The molecular structure is stabilized by weak intramolecular interactions, and the crystal packing is stabilized by weak interactions