MODIFICATION OF BENTONITES INOCULATION WITH IRON COMPOUNDS TO AFFORD MAGNETITE CLAYS

Bentonites refer to the class of argilliferous folded silicate rocks, which as a whole have such common characteristics, as dispersion (fragmentation), colloidal properties, propensity to wetness, and adsorption properties. The importance of this paper, as it follows from the conclusion, is connected with the study of synthesizing of magnetic clay composites which have high adsorption capacity, as well as with systematization of their properties. Bentonite magnetic composites are among those which can be stabilized using sodium alginate. Magnetic composites synthesized on the basis of bentonite showed the proportion of magnetite corresponding to the proportion of Fe in the composition of the initial clays. Sodium alginate-based stabilization method is an effective one for bentonite magnetic composites

PHYSICAL TASKS IN COURSE FISITS HOW TO BE REMEDIAT STYAL STECHORS INVALY

The article shows the actuality of the use of physical tasks in the course of physics as a means of training future technologists of light industry. The work of a light industry technologist is considered by the author as a solution to engineering problems related to the transfer of materials from one state to another. Scientific novelty of the results of the study: the necessity and possibility of preparing students of technological universities to solve professional problems is justified; Structure and composition of professional tasks are identified. The practical significance of the results of the study is that: a system of physical tasks used in the process of physics training has been developed, ensuring that future technologists are able to solve professional problems on the basis of physical knowledge and skills

Foaming binary solution mixtures of low molecular surfactant and polyelectrolyte

The lifetime of water solution foams of sodium dodecylsulfate (DDS, low molecular weight surfactant) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC, polyelectrolyte) and their binary mixtures was experimentally investigated. The effects of ionic strength and acidity on the foam life were also determined. In binary solutions, a synergic effect of DDS and SCMC on the surface tension reduction, most likely resulting from the interaction of the surfactant with polymer, was found. The addition of NaCl into solution or increasing the ionic strength was found to decrease the surface tension and reduce interfacial mobility, hence increased foam lifetime. The relatively low lifetime of binary solution foams in acidic medium was attributed to the reaction between SCMC and acid, which resulted in relatively small reductions in the viscosity and consequently lowered the solution viscosity

Improving the characteristics of atomized fuel jets for automotive engines

The fuel supply system is one of the most critical components of a diesel engine. The processes of fuel injection, atomization, and mixing are crucial in determining the efficiency, power output, economic performance, and environmental impact of the diesel engine's operation. Furthermore, with the deteriorating environmental conditions in major cities, the toxicity levels of diesel exhaust emissions have become a priority concern. The mathematical model of the injected fuel jet's development and combustion enables the direct calculation of various indicators related to the engine's operating process. The value of these results lies in the fact that numerical modeling allows for the investigation of the influence of injection characteristics, fuel supply timing and duration, as well as combustion chamber design parameters on the indicator diagram and cycle efficiency across a wide range of engine speed and load conditions

Differential equations for calculating gas exchange in an internal combustion engine

Considering the unsteadiness of the flow in the valve channels and windows of the internal combustion engine in combination with limiting the maximum flow rate allows you to take into account the flow characteristics in the exhaust systems of forced engines. Thus, the calculation according to the above method allows us to obtain by calculation, observed in experiments, the reverse pressure drop in the short period of the end of the free release, the validity of using a modified 0-dimensional model of gas exchange, even for engines with long manifolds, where the Strophe number is less than 8

Structural solutions of the supercharged engine in the output and input system

During the intake process, the working volume of the cylinder is filled with a fresh charge. As noted, a fresh charge consists of air in a diesel engine, and in engines with ignition from an electric spark (gasoline carburetor or gasoline with fuel injection, as well as gas) – from a mixture of air and vapors of light fuel or combustible gas

Computer simulation of water effluent propagation in the reservoirs systems

The task of the research was to build and analyze a model of the dynamics of pollution of a flowing reservoir and systems of communicating reservoirs with and without taking into account water filtration in the soil as a result of external sources (effluents from industrial enterprises). This work was aimed at studying the change in temporal dynamics, taking into account the concentration of impurities in the volumes of three reservoirs during the periods of discharge and completion, lasting 30 days. Numerical experiments were carried out for various flow rates and compositions of filtration coefficients to study the relaxation times of pollution in the system of reservoirs. Also, software was developed that analyzes the change in the concentration of impurities in the system of reservoirs. As a result, it was found that the pollution pattern is more dependent on the topology of the watercourse network