The Origin of Transylvanian Romanians in Saxon Historiography (1848-1938)

The paper aims to explore how the medieval history of Romanians in Transylvania is reflected in the Saxon historiography of the second half of the nineteenth century and the first four decades of the twentieth century. In order to understand the motivations behind the different historiographical perspectives and aspects related to the political and social context of Transylvania, the text contains brief references to a number of works written in different historical and social contexts, with very different authors, methodologies, presuppositions and results. Without claiming to provide an exhaustive description of the reception of this theme in Saxon historiography, the article highlights various aspects of the way in which the theme of the origins of the Transylvanian Romanians has been treated by Saxon historians, drawing attention to the heterogeneous nature of the literature devoted to this theme in the Saxon area. Finally, my research aims at answering the question of the existence of a unitary (or at least dominant) perspective in Saxon historiography on the history of the Transylvanian Romanians in the Middle Ages, interrogating the particularities of such an approach and trying to identify its position within the inter-ethnic historiographical debate on the origin of the Transylvanian Romanians.   Rezumat: Lucrarea își propune să exploreze modul în care istoria medievală a românilor din Transilvania se reflectă în istoriografia saxonă din a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea și din primele patru decenii ale secolului al XX-lea. Pentru a înțelege motivațiile din spatele diferitelor perspective istoriografice și aspectele legate de contextul politic și social al Transilvaniei, textul conține scurte referiri la o serie de lucrări scrise în contexte istorice și sociale diferite, cu autori, metodologii, presupuneri și rezultate foarte diferite. Fără a pretinde că oferă o descriere exhaustivă a receptării acestei teme în istoriografia săsească, articolul evidențiază diverse aspecte ale modului în care tema originilor românilor din Transilvania a fost tratată de istoricii sași, atrăgând atenția asupra naturii eterogene a literaturii dedicate acestei teme în zona germană. În final, cercetarea își propune să răspundă la întrebarea privind existența unei perspective unitare (sau cel puțin dominante) în istoriografia săsească asupra istoriei românilor din Transilvania în Evul Mediu, interogând particularitățile unei astfel de abordări și încercând să identifice poziția acesteia în cadrul dezbaterii istoriografice interetnice privind originea românilor din Transilvania. Cuvinte cheie: istorie etnică; istoriografie; studii medievale; teoria imigraționistă

Geacu, Sorin, 2024, Opt decenii de cercetări biogeografice la Institutul de Geografie al Academiei Române [Huit décennies de recherches biogéographiques à l’Institut de géographie de l’Académie roumaine], Editura Universitară, București

L’ouvrage du chercheur Sorin Geacu Huit décennies de recherches biogéographiques à l’Institut de géographie de l’Académie roumaine est paru sous l’égide de l’Institut de géographie de l’Académie roumaine à Bucarest. Il est publié en format B5 et il comprend 136 pages. Le volume est structuré en neuf chapitres – très courts – suivis de la «Liste des travaux de biogéographie publiés par les membres de l’Institut [de géographie de l’Académie roumaine] de 1944 à 2024». Cet inventaire en est, à notre avis, l’un des éléments-clés, un outil de travail et de documentation salutaire! Selon l’usage, une préface, une introduction et, à la fin, un résumé en anglais complètent le tout. La préface est signée par le directeur octogénaire de l’Institut de géographie, le Dr Dan Bălteanu, qui explique longuement que le volume est consacré au «80e anniversaire de la fondation de l’Institut de géographie de l’Académie roumaine» (p. 7) et mentionne en passant les initiateurs de la recherche biogéographique à l’Institut: Alexandra Bunescu et Raul Călinescu

Existence results for nonlinear anisotropic elliptic partial differential equations with variable exponents

    The focus of this paper will be on studying the existence of solutions in the sense of distribution, for a class of nonlinear partial differential equations defined by a variable exponent anisotropic elliptic operator with a growth condition given by a strictly positive continuous real function. The functional setting involves variable exponents anisotropic Sobolev spaces. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 35J60, 35J66, 35J67. Received 28 January 2025; Accepted 10 June 2025

COMPARATIVE FLOW BEHAVIOR OF OIL SLUDGE AND CRUDE OILS FROM ALGERIAN STORAGE TANKS

This study investigates the flow behavior of tank bottom sludge and two crude oil samples by analyzing the variation of viscosity and shear stress with shear rate and temperature. The flow curves reveal that all samples exhibit non-Newtonian, shear-thinning behavior characterized by a distinct yield stress, particularly prominent in the sludge due to its high content of heavy fractions such as asphaltenes, resins, and solid particulates. Viscosity and shear stress consistently decrease with increasing temperature, a result of the thermal disruption of intermolecular forces and breakdown of microstructural networks. At low shear rates, sludge displays more pronounced shear-thinning behavior than crude oils, while at high shear rates, all samples approach Newtonian flow regimes due to molecular alignment and structural degradation. Model fitting shows the Herschel-Bulkley model best describes the sludge\u27s rheology, whereas the Casson model better fits the crude oils under specific temperature conditions. Temperature sensitivity analysis (10–40 °C) indicates that crude oils experience greater viscosity reduction than sludge, with crude 1 showing the highest response due to its thermally labile composition. Yield stress also diminishes with temperature, reflecting the weakening of internal structural rigidity. These findings underscore the critical influence of composition and temperature on the flow properties of petroleum-derived fluids, with implications for pipeline transport and sludge management

Renato Bruson: The Art of Singing, Authenticity and Discipline. Connections Between Opera and Chamber Music

This article explores the artistry of the renowned baritone Renato Bruson, emphasizing the interpretative authenticity and discipline that have ensured his long-lasting career. Based on a direct interview conducted with the maestro in Parma during a vocal interpretation masterclass organized through the Renato Bruson Foundation, the research highlights essential themes such as the evolution of the baritone voice, the significance of chamber music in vocal development, and the role of textual interpretation in opera. Additionally, it examines the impact of this approach on the training of future performers and his perspective on vocal discipline and artistic authenticity. By integrating historical and musicological perspectives, the study establishes connections between operatic and chamber music practices, emphasizing their reciprocal impact on the evolution of a lyrical artist. The conclusions underline the necessity of balancing natural vocal talent with rigorous study while maintaining fidelity to the composer’s intentions, simultaneously developing a unique interpretative style

ARNOLD SCHÖNBERG’S PIEROT LUNAIRE AND THE AFTERMATH: FROM JIKKEN KŌBŌ TO BRUCE LABRUCE

The history of Pierrot and his reception in various artistic genres covers more than 400 years. From his minor role as a commedia dell’arte figure, Pierrot emancipated himself to become the eccentric main character, asserting himself in the visual arts, in nineteenth-centuryantomimes, in musical settings, in film, in ballet and in various genres of popular culture such as manga and anime. To evaluate the two adaptations of Schönberg’s Pierrot lunaire that are in focus here—the Japanese stage version by Jikken Kōbō (Experimental Workshop, 1955) and the film version by Bruce LaBruce, Pierrot lunaire: Butch Dandy (2014)—it is helpful to take a look at the history of their reception. Cultural-historical interdependencies and genre transgressions constantly give rise to new facets of Schönberg’s key work composed in 1912, while the question remains as to how far these adaptations serve the work or merely use it for their own purposes

Musical-Artistic Events of Young Students as a Factor in Strengthening Intra-community Partnerships

This paper aims to highlight the importance of musical-artistic events organized in schools and communities from the perspective of fostering lifelong artistic competencies. The study seeks to identify the attitudes of primary school teachers toward musical-artistic events through an applied questionnaire. To assess the extent to which such events contribute to the development of artistic competencies and the strengthening of school-family-community partnerships, an exploratory study based on a questionnaire administered to primary education teachers was conducted

STYLISTIC-INTERPRETATIVE ASPECTS IN THE MUSICAL REPERTOIRE SPECIFIC TO BAROQUE VOCAL SINGING

These arias, which played an important role in the history of music, leading to the flowering of the Italian bel canto school and vocal virtuosity, occupied a leading place in all the genres of vocal music that were beginning to develop: opera, cantata, oratorio. The characteristic feature of the vocal arias is that they express new, secular, humanistic content, reflecting faith in human strength, love of life, love of nature, etc. as opposed to religious music. The arias, which are analyzed in this work, represent a stage when the exaggerations of vocal virtuosity had not yet left their mark on musical discourse. We will therefore note that between the lyrics and the expressive melodies, full of naturalness and singing ability, there is perfect unity, perfect interweaving, designed to convey the richness and diversity of the content. The soft imagery, the gentleness and at the same time the exaltation of the love verses - echoing the echoes of troubadour poetry with its tendency to idealize women and the feelings of love - give rise to the melodic ardor and sincerity much adored by Gluck. The pathos of the lyrics of Handel’s Let me mourn my cruel fate, and sigh for freedom also permeate the dramatic accents of the melody. Many of the old arias were destined for the opera house, with the representative composers (Alessandro Scarlatti, Paisiello, Caldara, Carissimi, Handel, Gluck and others) being recognized masters of the genre. Even though most of the works for which they were intended have not been performed for centuries, the wonderful arias still delight listeners all over the world today, and the musical education of young singers is inconceivable without their substantial contribution. The performance of ancient arias requires serious vocal technique, finesse and elegance of expression, restrained interpretation, without excesses of intensity, but with intonational precision, especially in the delivery of specific ornaments. Through their high artistic qualities, they contribute to the formation of good taste in music lovers and to the enrichment of their knowledge of the heritage of pre-classical music

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CRYSTALLIZATION FORMATION MECHANISM OF BLIND PIPE IN WUJIAYUAN TUNNEL

In the construction of high-speed railway tunnels, when passing through different geological areas, the groundwater flowing through the drainage blind pipe is easy to produce crystals to block the drainage pipe. These crystal blockages are mainly produced by the dissolution of the concrete material of the initial support of the tunnel, which leads to the accumulation of precipitates in the drainage system and affects the tunnel structure safety. Based on the study of crystals and water samples in the blind pipe of Wujiayuan Tunnel, this paper discusses the relationship between the crystals in the blind pipe and the ion concentration, pH value, carbon dioxide concentration and partial pressure and temperature in groundwater. Combined with the environmental water chemical equilibrium software Visual MINTEQ 3.1, the influence of the above conditions on the formation of crystallization was simulated and the formation mechanism of Wujiayuan tunnel blind tube crystallization was proposed

A PRAGMA-LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE SCHOLAR’S LANGUAGE IN MANGA BLEACH

A Pragma-Linguistic Analysis of the Scholar’s Language in Manga BLEACH. This study delves into the pragma-linguistic characteristics of the ‘scholar’s language’ as portrayed in the Japanese comics, known as manga, specifically through the character Kurotsuchi Mayuri from Bleach (BLEACH ブリーチ). It examines how technical knowledge, verbal authority, and rhetorical sophistication converge to create a complex and memorable character. The analysis identifies several key traits: the use of specialized terms, uncommon verbal forms and particles, blending of formal or beautified language with overt mockery, rhetorical questions, a literary style, and Sino-Japanese vocabulary. These elements underscore Mayuri’s intellectual superiority and distinct personality. Additionally, the research highlights the strategic use of kanji for parts of speech typically written in hiragana, enhancing the formality and erudition of the discourse. This preliminary study suggests that while the identified linguistic features may be specific to Mayuri’s character, they also contribute to the broader stereotype of the scholar in manga, included under the concept of yakuwarigo (role language). The findings pave the way for more extensive research on the scholar’s language across a diverse range of manga characters, aiming to establish a comprehensive understanding of how linguistic stereotypes are used to represent scholars in this pop culture context. REZUMAT. O analiză pragma-lingvistică a limbajului savantului în manga BLEACH. Acest studiu explorează caracteristicile pragma-lingvistice ale ,limbajului savantului’ așa cum este prezentat în benzile desenate japoneze, numite manga, prin intermediul personajului Kurotsuchi Mayuri din Bleach (BLEACH ブリーチ). Analiza evidențiază felul în care competențele tehnice, capacitatea de a se impune prin discurs și rafinamentul expresiv contribuie împreună la conturarea unui personaj profund și distinctiv. Au fost identificate mai multe trăsături cheie: utilizarea termenilor specializați, forme verbale și particule neobișnuite, amestecul unui limbaj formal sau înfrumusețat cu batjocură evidentă, întrebările retorice, un stil literar și vocabularul sino-japonez. Aceste elemente subliniază superioritatea intelectuală și personalitatea distinctă a lui Mayuri. În plus, cercetarea evidențiază utilizarea strategică a caracterelor chinezești kanji pentru părți de vorbire de obicei scrise în hiragana, sporind formalitatea și erudiția discursului. Acest studiu preliminar sugerează că, deși trăsăturile lingvistice identificate pot fi specifice personajului Mayuri, ele contribuie și la consolidarea noțiunii de ,limbaj al savantului’ în manga, care intră sub umbrela conceptului de yakuwarigo (,stereotipuri de limbaj’). Această analiză pavează calea pentru cercetări mai extinse asupra ,limbajului savantului’ la o varietate mai mare de personaje din manga, având ca scop stabilirea unei înțelegeri cuprinzătoare a modului în care stereotipurile lingvistice sunt folosite pentru a reprezenta savanții în acest context al culturii pop. Cuvinte cheie: yakuwarigo, limbaj stereotipizat, limbajul savantului, analiză pragma-lingvistică, text multimodal, manga Article history: Received 29 July 2024; Revised 5 May 2025; Accepted 12 May 2025; Available online 10 June 2025; Available print 30 June 2025