The Support to Improve Self Efficacy and Healing of Drugs Addict

Appropriate counseling and education can be adopted to achieve a change in attitude, knowledge and perception. Still there is a wrong perception of a given intervention. Peer support through a process of social learning, the process of growing understanding of how to process information from experience, observational include: attention (attention), given (retention), reproduction of motion (reproduction), motivation (motivation), and communication. The purpose of this study was to analyze resident self-efficacy to regardless of drug addiction through family support. This study employed qualitative approach with case study design. Subjects in this study were residents, ex drugs user, peer support, and resident family. The results showed that peer support from fellow residents and the support of the major on duty (MOD) very meaningful and helpful for resident in the healing process

Improving the Development of Children with Neurodevelopment Disorder by Empowering the Occupational Therapists in Aquatic Program

Background: There are different therapies that can be used to help the development of children with neurodevelopmental disorder, one of which is aquatic therapy. This therapy was a recreational therapy that involves the use of water and it plays an important role in enhancing the child’s quality of life and improving productivity. Therapists use specifically-designed water activities to help children restore, improve, and enhance their functions.This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of occupational therapist empowerment training in aquatic program on the knowledge, attitude, and competence of occupational therapists, and the effectiveness aquatic therapy on improving the development of children with neurodevelopment disorder. Subjects and Method: This was a quasi experiment study with pre and post test design. A sample of 88 occupational therapists were selected for this experiment. Knowledge, attitude, and competence of the therapists before and after empowerment training were measured and compared. Likewise, 78 children with neurodevelopmental disorder in Central Java who were under treatment by the occupational therapists were measured and compared before and after the occupational therapist empowerment training, in terms of motoric and sensoric development. The data were analyzed by linear regression analysis model. Results: Empowerment training significantly increased knowledge (b=3.95; 95% CI= 3.55 to 4.34; p<0.001), attitude (b=3.49; 95% CI= 2.84 to 4.14; p<0.001), and competence (b=2.73; 95% CI= 1.93 to 3.53; p<0.001) of the occupational therapists. Aquatic therapy resulting from empowerment training significantly increased motoric (b=1.39; 95% CI= 1.04 to 1.74; p<0.001), and sensoric (b=2.79; 95% CI= 2.13 to 3.45; p<0.001) development of children with neurodevelopment disorder. Conclusion: Empowerment training effectively increases knowledge, attitude, and competence of occupational therapists. In turn, aquatic therapy conducted by the occupational therapists effectively increases motoric and sensoric development of children with neurodevelopment disorder. Keywords: Occupational therapist,aquatic program, empowerment training, competence, motoric development, sensoric development, neurodevelopment disorder, childre

Theory of Planned Behavior: Associations between Intention, Knowledge, and Use of Visual Inspection Acetic Acid

Background: Icek Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) puts that intention precedes health behavior. That is, any health behavior takes place deliberately after the emergence of intervention. This study aimed to test if TPB can be used to explain the uptake of visual inspection acetic acid (VIA) screening for cervical cancer. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 5 Community Health Centers (CHC) in Sragen, Central Java, from April to May 2018. A sample of 200 women of reproductive age were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling, composing of 50 women who used VIA and 150 women who did not use VIA. The dependent variable was use of VIA. The independent variable were intention and knowledge on VIA and cervical cancer. The data were collected by questionnaire. Data on VIA was obtained from medical record at CHC. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: The use of VIA was associated with intention (OR= 48.02; 95% CI= 13.66 to 168.83; p<0.001) and knowledge (OR= 13.41; 95%CI= 2.82 to 63.73; p= 0.001). Nagelkerke R2= 61.1%. Conclusion: The use of VIA is associated with intention and knowledge. Keywords: intention, knowledge, visual inspection acetic aci

The Effects of Nutrition Intake and Peer Role on Overweight among Adolescents: A Path Analysis From Karanganyar, Central Java

Background: The adolescent period is associated with changes in eating and activity behaviors. Peer experiences have been theoretically and empirically related to the “Big Two” contributors to the obesity epidemic, unhealthy eating and physical inactivity among adolescents. This study aimed to examine the effects of nutrition intake and peer role on overweight among adolescents. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 25 junior high schools in Karanganyar, Central Java, in December 2017. A sample of 200 students was selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was overweight. The independent variables were nutrition intake, snacking habit, physical activity, maternal education, family income, and peer role. Data on body weight were measured by weight scale. Data on height were measured by microtoise. The other variables were measured by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: The risk of overweight in adolescents was directly and positively affected by high nutrition intake (b= 2.04; 95% CI= 1.21 to 2.87; p<0.001), high snacking habit (b= 1.28; 95% CI= 0.43 to 2.14; p= 0.003), and strong peer role (b= 1.98; 95% CI= 1.16 to 2.81; p<0.001), but negatively affected by high physical activity (b= -2.11; 95% CI= -2.95 to -1.26; p<0.001). The risk of overweight in adolescents was indirectly affected by maternal education and family income. Conclusion: The risk of overweight in adolescents is directly and positively affected by high nutrition intake, high snacking habit, and strong peer role, but negatively affected by high physical activity. The risk of overweight in adolescents is indirectly affected by maternal education and family income. Keywords: overweight, nutrition intake, snacking habit, physical activity, maternal education, family income, peer rol

Association Between Maternal Education, Family Income, and Infant Development, in Community Health Center Peneleh, Surabaya

BACKGROUND: Child development is an important parameter of child health. Child development is influenced by several factors including prenatal condition, culture, family socioeconomic status, nutrition, climate or weather, exercise, child position in the family, intelligence, and hormonal influence. Somatotrophic hormone and thyroid hormone stimulate body metabolism. Parental factors such as parental emotion, education, and experience, may also affect child development. This study aimed to estimate the association between maternal education, family income, and infant development. SUBJECT AND METHODS: This study was a cross sectional study conducted in Surabaya, East Java. A sample of 215 children aged 24 to 36 months from Setro hamlet, Tambaksari sub-district, Surabaya, East Java. The independent variables were family income and maternal education. These variables were measured by a questionnaire. The dependent variable was child development. This variable was measured by Pre Screening of Development Questionnaire (Kuesioner Pre Skrining Perkembangan, KPSP), which was developed by the Ministry of Health. The data was analyzed by a multiple linear regression. RESULTS: There were positive relationships between family income (b=1.14; 95% CI=0.37 to 1.92, p=0.005), maternal education (b=1.58; 95%CI=0.58 to 2.58; p=0.002) and child development. Children aged 2 to 3 years old with family income >Rp 2.000.000 per month had better child development than those with lower income. Children aged 2 to 3 years old with high school or higher maternal education had better child development than those with lower education. CONCLUSION: Higher maternal education and higher family income have positive impact on child development. Keywords: maternal education, family income, child developmen

Factors Associated with Years of Life with Disability in Patients with Leprosy: A Path Analysis Evidence from Kelet Hospital, Central Java

Background: Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the number of leprosy casesin 2015 was 211,973 in 108 countries in the world. The number of leprosy cases in Indonesia ranks third after India and Brazil. There are 14,000 (8%) leprosy cases with disability. This study aimed to determine factors affecting disability and Years of Life with Disability (YLD) attributable to leprosy in patients with leprosy at Kelet Hospital, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted at Kelet Hospital, Central Java, from December 2017 to January 2018. A total sample of 140 leprosy patients was selected for this study using fixed disease sampling, consisting of 70 patients with disability and 70 patients without disability. The dependent variables were disability and YLD. The independent variables were age, education level, and self care. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Disability increases YLD (b= 0.37; 95% CI= 0.31 to 0.43; p<0.001). Disability increased with older age (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.38 to 2.43; p= 0.007) and decreased with better self care (b= -3.80; 95% CI= -4.90 to -2.71; p<0.001). Better self care increased with high education level (b= 1.96; 95% CI= 1.03 to 2.89; p<0.001). Conclusion: Older age increases the risk of disability, whereas self care decreases the risk of disability. Disability itself increases YLD. Higher education improves self care. Keywords: leprosy, disability, years of life with disability, determinan