2,428 research outputs found
First mock-up of the CBM STS module based on a new assembly concept
A molecular dynamics model has been developed to investigate the effect of the crystallographic orientation on the material deformation behaviors in nano- indentation/scratching of BCC iron. Two cases with different substrate orientations have been simulated. The orientations along x, y and z direction are [001], [100] and [010] for Case I and [111], [-1-12] and [1-10] for Case II, respectively. Case I and Case II exhibit different deformation patterns in the substrate. During indentation, the pile-up can be observed in Case I, but not in Case II. During scratching the pile-up ahead of the movement of the indenter has been enlarged in Case I, while a chip with the disordered atoms is generated in Case II. It has been found that Case I has both higher hardness and larger coefficient of friction. The ratios of the hardness and the coefficient of friction between cases I and II are nearly 2. The reason is attributed to the different crystallographic orientations used in both cases
ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ-ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Vacancy-oxygen complexes VnOm (n, m β₯ 1) in crystalline silicon are nucleation centers for oxygen precipitates, which are widely used as internal getters in modern technologies of production of silicon-based electronic devices and integrated circuits. For the controllable formation of oxygen precipitates in Si crystals in the technology processes the methods of determination of concentrations of the VnOm complexes are required. The aim of the present work was to find values of the calibration coefficients for determination of concentrations of the VnOm defects in Si from intensities of infrared (IR) absorption bands associated with the local vibrational modes (LVM) of these complexes. A combined electrical (Hall effect) and optical (IR absorption) study of vacancy-oxygen defects in identical silicon crystals irradiated with 6 MeV electrons was carried out. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, the values of the calibration coefficient for the determination of concentration of the vacancy-oxygen (VO) complex in silicon by the infrared absorption method were established: for measurements at room temperature (RT) β NVO = 8.5 Β· 1016 Β· Ξ±VO-RT cmβ3, in the case of low-temperature (LT, Π’ β‘ 10 K) measurements β NVO = 3.5 Β· 1016 Β· Ξ±VO-LT cmβ3, where Ξ±VO-RT(LT) are absorption coefficients in maxima of the LVM bands due to the VO complex in the spectra measured at corresponding temperatures. Calibration coefficients for the determination of concentrations of other VnOm (VO2, VO3, VO4, V2O and V3O) complexes and the oxygen dimer (O2) from an analysis of infrared absorption spectra measured at room temperature have been also determined.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ VnOm (n, m β₯ 1) Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
Si Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² VnOm. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (ΠΠ) ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ (ΠΠΠ) ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
(ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π₯ΠΎΠ»Π»Π°) ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
(ΠΠ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅) ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ 6 ΠΡΠ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ (VO) Π² ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ: Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ (RT) β NVO = 8,5 Β· 1016 Β· Ξ±VO-RT ΡΠΌβ3, Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
(LT, Π’ β‘ 10 Π) ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ β N VO = 3,5 Β· 1016 Β· Ξ±VO-LT ΡΠΌβ3, Π³Π΄Π΅ Ξ±VO-RT(LT) β ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΠΠ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° VO Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² VnOm (VO2, VO3, VO4, V2O ΠΈ V3O) ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° (O2) ΠΈΠ· Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅
ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π Π’Π ΠΠΠ‘Π€ΠΠ ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ©ΠΠ₯ Π¦ΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ Π ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ Π ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ Π’ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’Π£Π 450β700 Β°C: ΠΠΠΠΠ«Π ΠΠ-ΠΠΠΠΠΠ©ΠΠΠΠ―
The transformation peculiarities of oxygen-containing radiation-induced defects in Czochralski-grown silicon irradiated with fast electrons or neutrons upon subsequent high temperature annealing at T β₯ 450 ΒΊC have been investigated by means of IR absorption. It is found that in the temperature range 450β700 ΒΊC the vacancy-oxygen-related complexes VOm (m β₯ 5) are formed. These complexes are responsible for the appearance of a number of vibrational absorption bands in the wave number range 980β1115 cmβ1.Β ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ-ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π§ΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΡΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΆΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π’ β₯ 450 ΒΊΠ‘. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ 450β700 ΒΊΠ‘ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² VOm (m β₯ 5), ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» 980β1115 ΡΠΌβ1.
- β¦