Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

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Separation of uranium from thorium by liquid metal extraction : thorium recovery and fission product distribution /

"NAA-SR-6666 ; Chemical Separations Processes for Plutonium and Uranium.""Contract AT(11-1)-GEN-8 ; Issued: February 1, 1962."Includes bibliographical references (page 17).Mode of access: Internet

Évolution de la sensibilité de Streptococcus pneumoniae aux antibiotiques : résultats de l'observatoire du pneumocoque Alsace (année 2005) Evolution of antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae: results of Alsace observatory in 2005 Author's perso

Résumé But de l'étude. -Entre le 1 er janvier et le 31 décembre 2005, les participants à l'Observatoire régional du pneumocoque (ORP) Alsace (un centre hospitalier universitaire, sept centres hospitaliers non universitaires et 12 laboratoires privés) ont collecté 232 souches supposées pathogènes et non redondantes de Streptococcus pneumoniae pour étudier leur sensibilité vis-à-vis des bêtalactamines. Méthode. -Les concentrations minimales inhibitrices (CMI) de la pénicilline G, de l'amoxicilline et du céfotaxime ont été déterminées par la méthode E-test et par la méthode de dilution en milieu gélosé (Steers). Les résultats ont été interprétés selon les recommandations du CA-SFM. Les sensibilités à d'autres molécules ont été étudiées. Abstract Objectives. -Between 1st January 2005 and 31st December 2005, 232 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were collected in the Alsace county from participating laboratories (one from university hospital, 7 from general hospitals and 12 private laboratories) to assess their susceptibility to penicillin and evaluated serogroups of strains. Method. -The coordinating centre performed MICs by the reference agar dilution test, interpreted according to CA-SFM breakpoints. Others antibiotics (erythromycin, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline…) were tested by agar diffusion, ATB-PNEUMO gallery or VITEK gallery (BioMérieux, France) by each participating laboratory. Data were processed, using 4th dimension software. Results. -Strains were collected from 151 blood samples, 38 ear pus, 11 cerebrospinal fluids, 8 pleural liquids and 24 representative pulmonary samples. The prevalence of pneumococci with decreased susceptibility to penicillin G (PDSP) is 35.1% (pulmonary samples excluded). The rate of PNSP decreases for all types of samples compared with other years of surveillance 2003 (44.0%). The rate of blood samples decreases for first time between the creation of Pneumococcal Observatory. The high-level resistance tend to decrease and began low. The PDSP are rather resistant to erythromycin, cotrimoxazole and fosfomycin. Among the PDSP, the most prevalent serotypes were 14, 19, 6 and 9. Conclusion. -Among pneumococcal strains, the rate of PDSP tend however to decrease in 2005 compared with 2003. The rate stays inferior to the observed rates in other French counties where the same decreasing is described

Oxidative stress on cardiotoxicity after treatment with single and multiple doses of doxorubicin

The mechanism of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity remains controversial. Wistar rats (n = 66) received DOX injections intraperitoneally and were randomly assigned to 2 experimental protocols: (1) rats were killed before (-24 h, n = 8) and 24 h after (+24 h, n = 8) a single dose of DOX (4 mg/kg body weight) to determine the DOX acute effect and (2) rats (n = 58) received 4 injections of DOX (4 mg/kg body weight/week) and were killed before the first injection (M-0) and 1 week after each injection (M-1, M-2, M-3, and M4()) to determine the chronological effects. Animals used at M-0 (n = 8) were also used at moment -24 h of acute study. Cardiac total antioxidant performance (TAP), DNA damage, and morphology analyses were carried out at each time point. Single dose of DOX was associated with increased cardiac disarrangement, necrosis, and DNA damage (strand breaks (SBs) and oxidized pyrimidines) and decreased TAP. The chronological study showed an effect of a cumulative dose on body weight (R = -0.99, p = 0.011), necrosis (R = 1.00, p = 0.004), TAP (R = 0.95, p = 0.049), and DNA SBs (R = -0.95, p = 0.049). DNA SBs damage was negatively associated with TAP (R = -0.98, p = 0.018), and necrosis (R = -0.97, p = 0.027). Our results suggest that oxidative damage is associated with acute cardiotoxicity induced by a single dose of DOX only. Increased resistance to the oxidative stress is plausible for the multiple dose of DOX. Thus, different mechanisms may be involved in acute toxicity versus chronic toxicity.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq