Fasting increases investment in soma upon refeeding at the cost of gamete quality in zebrafish

Fasting increases lifespan in invertebrates, improves biomarkers of health in vertebrates and is increasingly proposed as a promising route to improve human health. Nevertheless, little is known about how fasted animals use resources upon refeeding, and how such decisions affect putative trade-offs between somatic growth and repair, reproduction and gamete quality. Such fasting-induced trade-offs are based on strong theoretical foundations and have been recently discovered in invertebrates, but the data on vertebrates are lacking. Here, we report that fasted female zebrafish, Danio rerio, increase investment in soma upon refeeding, but it comes at a cost of egg quality. Specifically, an increase in fin regrowth was accompanied by a reduction in 24 h post-fertilization offspring survival. Refed males showed a reduction in sperm velocity and impaired 24 h post-fertilization offspring survival. These findings underscore the necessity of considering the impact on reproduction when assessing evolutionary and biomedical implications of lifespan-extending treatments in females and males and call for careful evaluation of the effects of intermittent fasting on fertilization

Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism combination pattern of the Klotho gene with non-cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality, with cardiovascular death being extensively investigated. However, non-cardiovascular mortality represents the biggest percentage, showing an evident increase in recent years. Klotho is a gene highly expressed in the kidney, with a clear influence on lifespan. Low levels of Klotho have been linked to CKD progression and adverse outcomes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Klotho gene have been associated with several diseases, but studies investigating the association of Klotho SNPs with noncardiovascular death in CKD populations are lacking. The main aim of this study was to assess whether 11 Klotho SNPs were associated with non-cardiovascular death in a subpopulation of the National Observatory of Atherosclerosis in Nephrology (NEFRONA) study (n ¼ 2185 CKD patients). After 48 months of follow-up, 62 cardiovascular deaths and 108 non-cardiovascular deaths were recorded. We identified a high non-cardiovascular death risk combination of SNPs corresponding to individuals carrying the most frequent allele (G) at rs562020, the rare allele (C) at rs2283368 and homozygotes for the rare allele (G) at rs2320762 (rs562020 GG/AG þ rs2283368 CC/CT þ rs2320762 GG). Among the patients with the three SNPs genotyped (n ¼ 1016), 75 (7.4%) showed this combination. Furthermore, 95 (9.3%) patients showed a low-risk combination carrying all the opposite genotypes (rs562020 AA þ rs2283368 TT þ rs2320762 GT/TT). All the other combinations [n ¼ 846 (83.3%)] were considered as normal risk. Using competing risk regression analysis, we confirmed that the proposed combinations are independently associated with a higher fhazard ratio [HR] 3.28 [confidence interval (CI) 1.51-7.12]g and lower [HR 6 × 10- (95% CI 3.3 × 10--1.1 × 10-)] risk of suffering a non-cardiovascular death in the CKD population of the NEFRONA cohort compared with patients with the normal-risk combination. Determination of three SNPs of the Klotho gene could help in the prediction of non-cardiovascular death in CKD

Influencia del polimorfismo del gen receptor de la vitamina D y de la 25-hidroxivitamina D en la tensión arterial de individuos sanos

El efecto de la vitamina D sobre la tensión arterial (TA) no está bien establecido. No existen estudios que relacionen el polimorfismo del gen del VDR con la TA. Objetivo: Analizar la posible influencia del genotipo Bsm I y de la 25 hidroxivitamina D3 (25OHD3) en la TA en individuos sanos y normotensos. Métodos: Analizamos en 590 individuos sanos (260 varones y 330 mujeres) la posible asociación de la edad, sexo, IMC, creatinina, calcio, fósforo, PTHi, 25OHD3 y genotipo Bsm I con la tensión arterial sistólica (TAS) y diastólica (TAD) mediante un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: El sexo se asoció fuertemente a la TAS (β: –12,01, p: 0,000) y a la TAD (β: –4,78, p: 0,000), por lo que se realizó un análisis multivariante en función del mismo. En varones, la TAS se asoció a: 25OHD3 (β: 0,36, p: 0,000), genotipo (β: –3,90, p: 0,002) e IMC (β: 0,83, p: 0,001); y la TAD a: 25OHD3 (β: 0,16, p: 0,018) y edad (β: 0,28, p: 0,000). El análisis de la varianza mostró que los varones con genotipo bb presentaron una TAS superior al resto de genotipos (p: 0,007). En las mujeres, no encontramos asociación de la 25OHD3 ni del genotipo con la TA. Conclusiones: Los varones con mayores niveles de vitamina D presentan una mayor TAS y TAD. Los varones con genotipo bb tienen una mayor TAS. No existe dicha relación en el sexo femenino. Ello sugiere un posible nexo fisiopatológico entre las hormonas sexuales y la vitamina D en el control de la tensión arterial