Pade Interpolation: Methodology and Application to Quarkonium

A novel application of the Pade approximation is proposed in which the Pade approximant is used as an interpolation for the small and large coupling behaviors of a physical system, resulting in a prediction of the behavior of the system at intermediate couplings. This method is applied to quarkonium systems and reasonable values for the c and b quark masses are obtained.Comment: RevTeX, 12 pages; 1 figure (Figure1.GIF) included at the end; to appear in the Journal of Mathematical Physic

Fourier-Optics Based Opto-Electronic Architectures for Simultaneous Multi-Band, Multi-Beam, and Wideband Transmit and Receive Phased Arrays

Current trends in wireless communications require a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) to support an ever-increasing number of antennas, wider bandwidths, multiple frequency bands, and many simultaneous beams. This is a tall order when considering all-electronic implementations, especially when operating at high carrier frequencies. We describe here Fourier-optics based opto-electronic architectures that include analog and fully connected transmit (TX) and receive (RX) implementations that support simultaneous multi-band, multi-beam phased arrays wherein optical up- and down-conversion are used, respectively, to generate IF/RF and RF/IF signals for simultaneous multi-user and multi-beam transmission and reception over a wide range of frequencies. The proposed lens-based architectures have the ability to transmit and receive multiple distinct beams simultaneously even when only analog beamforming is performed, thus greatly simplifying the tasks of cell search and initial access without having to resort to complex matrix-based beamforming networks. Additionally, lens-based TX and RX beamforming is performed in the analog optical domain with zero power consumption and negligible latency bounded only by the time the light takes to travel through the lens. Photonic signal processing also reduces the number of RF components required at the remote radio unit (RRU) and the number of costly and power-hungry high-performance analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog converters (ADCs/DACs) required. The optical subsystems are ultra-wideband and frequency agnostic as only the front-end components (antennas, amplifiers) are RF frequency/band specific. Therefore, a single photonic system design may be operated at any band and, furthermore, existing installations may be modified/upgraded to operate in different bands with minimal component replacements needed. Finally, the presented architectures provide near unlimited beam-bandwidth product (BBP) with minimal power requirements and no external cooling. Theoretical analysis and experimental confirmation of the proposed architecture will both be reported, including a receiver with a nominal BBP of 36 GHz in a prototype system that consumed less than 300 W, thus yielding a power efficiency of beam formation of 8 W/GHz, which is more than a $6\times$ improvement over the current state of the art

Visualization 7: Photonic probing of radio waves for k-space tomography

Weight maps measured experimentally. Originally published in Optics Express on 10 July 2017 (oe-25-14-15746

Visualization 3: Photonic probing of radio waves for k-space tomography

Effect of changing fiber lengths on weight map. Originally published in Optics Express on 10 July 2017 (oe-25-14-15746

Enhanced clearance of HIV-1-infected cells by broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 in vivo

Anti-retroviral drugs and antibodies limit HIV-1 infection by interfering with the viral life-cycle. In addition, antibodies also have the potential to guide host immune effector cells to kill HIV-1 infected cells. Examination of the kinetics of HIV-1 suppression in infected individuals by passively administered 3BNC117, a broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb), suggested that the effects of the antibody are not limited to free viral clearance and blocking new infection, but also include acceleration of infected cell clearance. Consistent with these observations, we find that bNAbs can target CD4+ T cells infected with patient viruses and decrease their in vivo half-lives by a mechanism that requires FcγR engagement in a humanized mouse model. The results indicate that passive immunotherapy can accelerate elimination of HIV-1 infected cells.Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and HarvardNational Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant 1122374