Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Primary Anorectal Malignant Melanoma:A Case Report

Anorectal melanoma is a rare malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. However, several studies have reported cases of long-term survival. In this report, we present a patient with anorectal melanoma who has survived for 9 years after endoscopic mucosal resection. An 85-year-old man was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment of an anal tumor 2cm in size. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed that the depth of tumor invasion was confined to the submucosal layer. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed, and the tumor was diagnosed as a malignant melanoma. The patient was followed without any additional treatment, which was per his wishes. Although melanoma recurred 4 times thereafter, endoscopic mucosal resection was performed for each recurrent lesion. Thus, he has been alive for 9 years since the first endoscopic mucosal resection without distant metastases. If the depth of tumor invasion is shallow, endoscopic mucosal resection is a useful option among other therapeutic modalities.</p

Chiral spin-wave edge modes in dipolar magnetic thin films

Based on a linearized Landau-Lifshitz equation, we show that two-dimensional periodic allay of ferromagnetic particles coupled with magnetic dipole-dipole interactions supports chiral spin-wave edge modes, when subjected under the magnetic field applied perpendicular to the plane. The mode propagates along a one-dimensional boundary of the system in a unidirectional way and it always has a chiral dispersion within a band gap for spin-wave volume modes. Contrary to the well-known Damon-Eshbach surface mode, the sense of the rotation depends not only on the direction of the field but also on the strength of the field; its chiral direction is generally determined by the sum of the so-called Chern integers defined for spin-wave volume modes below the band gap. Using simple tight-binding descriptions, we explain how the magnetic dipolar interaction endows spin-wave volume modes with non-zero Chern integers and how their values will be changed by the field.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, some trivial typo in equations are fixe

Metastatic carcinoma of the colon similar to Crohn's disease: a case report.

A 68-year-old Japanese man with a history of linitis plastica carcinoma of the stomach and subsequent gastrectomy 8 years previously presented with lower abdominal pain. Radiological and endoscopic examinations showed multiple submucosal nodular lesions similar to Crohn's disease in the ileocecal area. A firm diagnosis could not be made after initial multiple biopsies. Finally, a submucosal biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma. The ileocecal lesion was diagnosed as a recurrence because of the histological findings, which included mucosal preservation, a similarity with the histologic type of stomach carcinoma, and atypical immunoreactivity for primary colon carcinoma; the lesion was negative for both cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 20. In cases where metastatic carcinoma of the colon is suspected, we recommend early consideration of a submucosal biopsy.</p

Topological chiral magnonic edge mode in a magnonic crystal

Topological phases have been explored in various fields in physics such as spintronics, photonics, liquid helium, correlated electron system and cold-atomic system. This leads to the recent foundation of emerging materials such as topological band insulators, topological photonic crystals and topological superconductors/superfluid. In this paper, we propose a topological magnonic crystal which provides protected chiral edge modes for magnetostatic spin waves. Based on a linearized Landau-Lifshitz equation, we show that a magnonic crystal with the dipolar interaction acquires spin-wave volume-mode band with non-zero Chern integer. We argue that such magnonic systems are accompanied by the same integer numbers of chiral spin-wave edge modes within a band gap for the volume-mode bands. In these edge modes, the spin wave propagates in a unidirectional manner without being scattered backward, which implements novel fault-tolerant spintronic devices.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure

Recurrence of Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma Could Be Predicted by Ki-67 Regardless of Its Origin

Since the discovery of the NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion in 2013, solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and hemangiopericytoma (HPC) have been considered the same disease. STAT6 nuclear stain is approved as a highly sensitive and specific marker to diagnose SFT/HPC from other tumors with similar histology. As the next step, detection of fusion variants that may predict clinical malignancy of SFT/HPC has been attempted. However, no fusion variants with a clear relation to malignancy have been identified. In this study, the clinical and histological backgrounds of 23 Japanese patients diagnosed with SFT/HPC from 2000 to 2019 at Kochi University Hospital were examined to identify factors potentially related to recurrence. A significant relationship to recurrence was detected for mitosis ≥ 1/10 HPF (400×), necrosis, and Ki-67>5%. These findings indicate that a deliberate investigation of histological features such as mitosis and necrosis is crucial for the clinical observation of SFT/ HPC patients. In addition, Ki-67 was revealed to be a useful parameter to predict recurrence in SFT/HPC patients

Fabrication of CNT/Cu Composite Yarn via Single-Step Electrodeposition

Carbon nanotube (CNT)/Cu composite yarns were formed via a single-step electrodeposition process. A twisted CNT yarn composed of multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) was used. Copper was directly electrodeposited onto the CNT yarn under galvanostatic conditions using copper sulfate baths with and without additives. Four additives (polyethylene glycol (PEG), chloride anion (Cl-), bis(3-sulfopropyl)disulfide (SPS), and Janus green B (JGB)) that are well known as "via-filling additives" were used together. The surface and cross-sectional microstructures of the copper-deposited CNT yarns were analyzed. Copper was electrodeposited only onto the surface of the CNT yarn from the bath without additives, resulting in a copper-coated CNT yarn. By contrast, copper was deposited not only onto the surface but also into the interior of the CNT yarn from the bath with the additives. The amount of copper deposited into the CNT yarn tended to increase with increasing PEG and Cl-concentrations. The current density also affected the size and location of the deposited copper particles. When the electrodeposition conditions were optimized, copper was relatively homogeneously deposited into the interior of the CNT yarn, resulting in a CNT/Cu composite yarn. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited.ArticleJOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY. 167(10):102509 (2020)journal articl

G‐CSF‐dependent neutrophil differentiation requires downregulation of MAPK activities through the Gab2 signaling pathway

Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) stimulation of myeloid cells induced tyrosine‐phosphorylation of cellular proteins. One of the tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins was found to be a scaffold protein, Grb2‐associated binding protein 2 (Gab2). Another member of Gab family protein, Gab3, was exogenously overexpressed in neutrophil progenitor cells to make the Gab3 protein to compete with the endogenous Gab2 for the G‐CSF‐dependent signaling. In Gab3‐overexpressed cells, the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous Gab2 by G‐CSF stimulation was markedly downregulated, while the phosphorylation of Gab3 was significantly enhanced. The Gab3‐overexpressed cells continuously proliferated in the medium containing G‐CSF and lost the ability to differentiate to the mature neutrophil, characterized by the lobulated nucleus. The G‐CSF stimulation‐dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab3, the association of SHP2 to Gab3 and the following mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation were prolonged in the Gab3‐overexpressed cells, compared to the parental cells, where the binding of SHP2 to Gab2 protein and thereby the activation of MAPK were not sustained after G‐CSF stimulation. Inhibition of MAPK by pharmaceutical inhibitor restored the Gab3‐overexpressed cells to the ability to differentiate to mature neutrophil. Therefore, G‐CSF‐dependent Gab2 phosphorylation and following its downregulation led the short‐term MAPK activation. The downregulation of MAPK after transient Gab2 phosphorylation was necessary for the consequent neutrophil differentiation induced by G‐CSF stimulation

An autopsy case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy showing clinical features of dilated cardiomyopathy.

An autopsy case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy showing clinical features of dilated cardiomyopathy was reported. The patient was a 60-year-old female complaining of chest discomfort from the age of 40. At autopsy, both ventricles were dilated. Microscopically myocardial loss, fibrosis and disarray of hypertrophic myocardial fibers were observed. The areas showing myocardial disarray were distributed close to the scar-like fibrotic areas. Coronary arteries and intramyocardial arterioles showed minimal stenotic changes.</p

High-temperature thermoelectric properties of the double-perovskite ruthenium oxide (Sr1−x_{1-x}Lax_x)2_2ErRuO6_6

We have prepared polycrystalline samples of (Sr$_{1-x}$La$_x$)$_2$ErRuO$_6$ and (Sr$_{1-x}$La$_x$)$_2$YRuO$_6$, and have measured the resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, susceptibility and x-ray absorption in order to evaluate the electronic states and thermoelectric properties of the doped double-perovskite ruthenates. We have observed a large Seebeck coefficient of -160 $\mu$V/K and a low thermal conductivity of 7 mW/cmK for $x$=0.1 at 800 K in air. These two values are suitable for efficient oxide thermoelectrics, although the resistivity is still as high as 1 $\Omega$cm. From the susceptibility and x-ray absorption measurements, we find that the doped electrons exist as Ru$^{4+}$ in the low spin state. On the basis of the measured results, the electronic states and the conduction mechanism are discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, J. Appl. Phys. (accepted

Novel Charge Ordering in the Trimer Iridium Oxide BaIrO3

We have prepared polycrystalline samples of the trimer Ir oxide BaIrO3 with face-shared Ir3O12 trimers, and have investigated the origin of the phase transition at 182 K by measuring resistivity, thermopower, magnetization and synchrotron x-ray diffraction. We propose a possible electronic model and transition mechanism, starting from a localized electron picture on the basis of the Rietveld refinement. Within this model, BaIrO3 can be basically regarded as a Mott insulator, when the Ir3O12 trimer is identified to one pseudo-atom or one lattice site. The transition can be viewed as a transition from the Mott insulator phase to a kind of charge ordered insulator phase.Comment: 8 pages 5 figures, Crystals (in press