Padideh Pakpour. Identity Construction: The Case of Young Women in Rasht

Cet ouvrage (la publication de la thèse de doctorat de l’A., soutenue en 2015) est le fruit d’un travail ethnographique mené sur le terrain dans la ville de Rasht, capitale de la province iranienne de Gīlān. Le travail vise à étudier, via une interaction orale enregistrée, la construction de l’identité parmi les jeunes femmes de Rasht, avec un accent sur l’attitude observée envers les traits culturels liés au fait d’être originaire de Rasht et du Gīlān en général. Lors de sa recherche, l’A. a..

Ghazaleh Vafaeian. Progressives in use and contact: A descriptive, areal and typological study with special focus on selected Iranian languages

Cette thèse, soutenue en 2018, est une étude approfondie de l’emploi du progressif, une catégorie grammaticale définie par l’A. comme signalant que « a dynamic event is ongoing at a specific time » (p. 1), dans certaines langues iraniennes ainsi que d’un point de vue typologique. La thèse contient une introduction générale assez dense, qui présente la terminologie associée au progressif ainsi qu’un aperçu typologique de cette catégorie telle qu’elle est décrite dans les ouvrages publiés à ce ..

Baku Russian: Colonial heritage in a post-colonial era

International audienceAlmost quarter of a century after the break-up of the Soviet Union, the linguistic legacy of Russian remains an inseparable part of identity for largegroups of ethnically non-Russian population now living in the newly-independent states whose political ties with Moscow have since loosened considerably. In some of them, such as Belarus and Kazakhstan, Russian has been able to hold on to its status as an official language. In others, such as Azerbaijan, it completely ceased to fulfill administrative functions, but continues to enjoy relative popularity in everyday life. Majority-Russian-speaking city well into the 1980s, the capital city of Baku is probably the only locale in Azerbaijan where the survival of Russian is ensured at least in the lifetime of today’s young generation. Owing to the city’s multicultural environment dating back to the 1880s oil boom which stimulated rapidgrowth and active immigration of non-Azeris in Baku, Russian soon surpassed its ethnic borders and came to be adopted as a first language by thousands of Azeris, Armenians and Jews growing up in the city in the post-World War II era. On the other hand, its special role as the first language of groups that did not identify as Russian and its insular position led to it acquiring a recognizable drawl and unique elements of vocabulary, clearly under the influence of Azeri and to a lesser extent Armenian and non-standard varieties of Russian. The break-up of the Soviet Union affected both the status and the spread of Russian in Azerbaijan. Hundreds of thousands of its speakers chose to emigrate for political and economic reasons, leaving behind a city where Russian speakers are now a minority; but one willing to preserve its language and pass it onto the generation which has not in fact grown up or even lived under the Soviet rule. Baku Russian, however, found itself more isolated and therefore more and more susceptible to lexical and syntactic influence from Azeri, leading to the creation of a very distinct dialect

Grammaire du dialecte tat du Şirvan

Cette « Grammaire du dialecte tat du Şirvan » est une description linguistique d’un dialecte du tat, langue iranienne à tradition orale, parlée dans le Nord de l’Azerbaïdjan, au Daghestan et en Géorgie. La thèse s’appuie sur un corpus de discours spontané, ainsi que des contes, des légendes, des anecdotes et autres textes de nature folklorique, collectés de première main au cours d’enquêtes de terrain. Elle présente une analyse détaillée, appuyée sur la typologie des langues, des différents domaines de la grammaire, ainsi qu’une comparaison des traits les plus caractéristiques avec ceux des dialectes et langues apparentées comme le persan, ou parlées dans la même région comme l’azéri. Outre la mise en valeur de phénomènes originaux pour les langues iraniennes, la thèse apporte une contribution aux études caucasiennes en tant que description d’une variété linguistique située au cœur d’une zone d’intenses contacts entre plusieurs familles de langues.“A Grammar of the Tat Dialect of Şirvan” is a grammatical description of a dialect of Tat, a non-written Iranian language spoken in the north of Azerbaijan, in Dagestan and in Georgia. The project draws on a corpus of Tat spontaneous speech, as well as tales, legends, anecdotes and other folkloric texts collected during interviews with native speakers. It contains a detailed typology-based analysis of different aspects of the grammar, as well as comparisons of the most characteristic features with those of closely related dialects and languages, such as Persian, or languages spoken in the same region, such as Azeri. In addition to highlighting phenomena that are novel for Iranian languages, the work contributes to Caucasian studies as a description of a linguistic variety spoken in the heart of an area of intense contact of several language families

9789633181133

International audienceTat tense-aspect-mood (TAM) categories, like in many Iranian languages, feature a binary stem distinction, whereby either stem represents the morphological nucleus of a given TAM category. The morphological distribution of the two stems in Tat resembles that in Persian. The Iranian linguistic tradition refers to them as “present stem” and “past stem”. Owing to the semantic distribution of the Tat TAM categories, different from that of Persian, I have opted for the terms “Stem 1” (for “present stem”) and “Stem 2” (for “past stem”).Tat dialects are affected by a stem reanalysis process, which, on the one hand, reduces or eliminates the difference between historical stems and, on the other hand, creates a new stem distinction. In this talk, I use diachronic information and dialectal comparison to illustrate the development of this change, which seems to have been in progress since at least the mid-nineteenth century

Prospective in Tat

International audienceTat is a group of related Southwestern Iranian dialects or even languages, closely related to Classical Persian and spoken mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan. They are not to be confused with Tati, a cluster of Northwestern Iranian languages spoken in Iranian Azerbaijan. For centuries, Tat has been in contact with Azeri (Turkic) and East Caucasian languages. It is divided into two main dialect groups with little to no mutual intelligibility: the relatively well-studied Judaeo-Tat (also known as Juhuri), which has a well-established written tradition, and the mostly oral and understudied Muslim Tat.Future forms in Tat have been addressed in some way or another in the comprehensive grammatical descriptions of its many varieties, yet no comparative dialectal or diachronic study has been carried out so far. This article aims at drawing cross-dialectal parallels between ostensibly varying Tat future morphology and at reconstructing the historical paths of the development of future forms in Tat, with a focus on a specific future form, the prospective

Issues of microvariation: Crossdialectal differences in modal marking

International audienceBesides noteworthy instances of inherited verbal inflexion such as the optative in -ā- in Balochi and Judaeo-Tat, marking of TAM categories in New Western Iranian is mostly achieved by way of particles / verbal prefixes. Of central importance is the prefix bi- / be-, which is grammaticalised in New Persian as a marker of the subjunctive and the imperative. These forms differ from the indicative in that the latter is marked with mī-, but the inflexion is essentially identical. We argue that the influence of Persian has had a multiple effect on the TAM system of other Ir. languages. First insofar as prefixes have been borrowed, second insofar as the use of preexisting prefixes has been adjusted to fit the usage of Persian prefixes, and thirdly insofar as different prefixes have coalesced into one under the influence of Persian (such as be-, ba- etc. yielding be- in Bashkardi and other languages). Dialectal variations such as seen in Tat thus carry valuable diachronic information

Contact-Induced Progressives in Iranian Languages: A Typological Comparison of Caucasian Tat and Bashkardi

International audienceThe progressive manifests itself in various ways across Iranian languages. The evolution of this category, influenced to some extent by internal factors and sometimes by language contact, presents an interesting case of parallel development in related languages that are geographically very distant from each other. This presentation will demonstrate a parallel development of a specific type of synthetic progressive in two allegedly Southwestern Iranian languages: Muslim Tat (MT), spoken in northeastern Azerbaijan, and Bashkardi (Bš), spoken in southern Iran

Problems of Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories and Ways to Solve Them

A systematic approach in relation to the study of the sustainability of the development of individual territories is expressed in the fact that they are considered, on the one hand, as a separate segment that has all the institutional, economic, social and environmental characteristics, functioning as a whole of constituent elements (municipalities, individual economic entities ). On the other hand, this separate territory is considered as an integral element of a meso or macrosystem (depending on the administrative-territorial nature of the territory under study), which functions according to general rules and directions of development, conditioned by a single goal-setting and functionality of the national system. In accordance with the definition of the subject of our study (sustainable development of mountainous territories), we determined that mountainous areas with specific development conditions are separate territorial entities with their own internally formed functioning conditions. On the other hand, not a single subject of the Russian Federation can currently be fully classified as “mountainous territories”, that is, it must be considered taking into account the general principles of sustainable socio-economic development