Aplikasi Image Thresholding Untuk Segmentasi Objek

Salah satu operasi di dalam analisis citra adalah segmentasi citra, yaitu memisahkan objek dari latar belakangnya atau dari objek lain yang tidak menjadi perhatian. Metode sementasi yang sederhana adalah dengan operasi pengambangan (thresholding). Operasi pengambangan menghasilkan citra biner, yang dalam hal ini objek yang diacu di-set berwarna putih sedangkan latar belakangnya di-set berwarna hitam (atau sebaliknya bergantung kasusnya). Makalah ini mempresentasikan penggunaan operasi pengambangan untuk melakukan segmentasi objek. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan kakas MATLAB. Hasil eksperimen memperlihatkan bahwa pemilihan nilai ambang (threshold) yang tepat sangat menentukan keberhasilan segmentasi

Penerapan Secret Sharing Scheme Pada Joint Ownership Watermarking Untuk Citra Digital

Digital watermarking merupakan metode untuk menyisipkan suatu informasi, yangbiasanya disebut sebagai watermark, pada suatu data digital penampung. Masalah yangdihadapi pada metode digital watermarking saat ini adalah semua metode yang telah adahanya mampu menangani perlindungan hak cipta dari satu pemilik saja. Solusi yangkemudian ditawarkan untuk menangani masalah kepemilikan bersama suatu citra digitaladalah dengan menerapkan secret sharing scheme pada digital image watermarking.Makalah ini membahas tentang penerapan secret sharing scheme pada joint ownershipwatermarking yang meliputi protokol-protokol dan metode-metode untuk proses penyisipan(embedding) watermark serta protokol-protokol untuk proses pendeteksian kepemilikan(detection) watermark. Robustness watermark diuji dengan melakukan beberapa prosesmanipulasi terhadap citra digital yang telah mengandung watermark, kemudian dilakukanproses pendeteksian kepemilikan watermark terhadap citra digital tersebut. Hasil ujimenunjukkan, watermark cukup robust terhadap beberapa proses manipulasi citra digital,seperti Perubahan brightness, kontras, scaling, flipping, rotasi, printscreen, serta kompresiJPEG 2000. Namun watermark masih rentan terhadap proses cropping dan penyisipanwatermark ganda pada citra digital

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

Algoritma Enkripsi Citra Digital Berbasis Chaos dengan Penggabungan Teknik Permutasi dan Teknik Substitusi Menggunakan Arnold Cat Map dan Logistic Map

Di dalam makalah ini dipresentasikan sebuah usulan algoritma enkripsi citra digital yang menggabungkan teknik permutasi dan substitusi. Dua buah chaotic map digunakan untuk masingmasing teknik yaitu Arnold Cat Map dan Logistic Map. Sebelum dienkripsi, pixel-pixel di dalam citra diacak dengan Arnold Cat Map. Selanjutnya, pixel-pixel tersebut diubah nilainya melalui operasi XOR dengan keystream yang dibangkitkan dari Logistic Map. Pixel-pixel dioperasikan seperti mode cipher block chaining. Hasil eksperimen pada citra grayscale dan citra berwarna menunjukkan cipher-image memiliki pixel-pixel yang terdistribusi uniform sehingga menyulitkan serangan dengan analisis statistik. Selain itu pixel-pixel yang berteatngga di dalam cipher-image memiliki koefisien korelasi yang rendah, yang mengindikasikan bahwa pixel-pixel tersebut sudah tidak memiliki hubungan linier (korelasi). Sifat sensitivitas pada chaos telah diperlihatkan yang mengindikasikan algoritma ini aman dari exhaustive-key search attac

Orbital Trajectory Simulation on Twin Stars System in Ifs Fractal Model Based on Hybrid Animation Method

IFS (Iterated Function Systems) is a method to model fractal object based on affine transformation functions. The star-like object rotation effect in the IFS fractal model could be exhibited by using metamorphical method, as a replacement to the affine rotation method on a non metamorphic animation. The advantage of a metamorphic animation method over the metamorphic animation method is that the object\u27s relative position to the fixed point as an absolute centroid is absolute. Therefore, the rotational effect can be exhibited at any positions. In addition, it can also be combined with rotational effect of the local centroid itself around the absolute centroid as a fixed point by the primitive rotational operation to form an interesting behavior of orbital trajectory Based on the hybrid of both animation methods, the animation simulation could be done on orbital trajectory on a twin stars rotating to each other as a system. Both objects are rotated in the same angular direction, but started in the opposite position around two closely different fixed points. So, the orbital trajectory yielded forms an elliptical path. The two similar objects can be created efficiently by cloning-scaling technique. In general, the animation method can be modeled as an animation framework

Information Retrieval System in the Bible

Information retrieval is used to search for relevant documents so that they can be obtained quickly and precisely. There are many Christians who want to study the gospel. However, often experience problems in finding the Gospel verse and topics dealing with the need to search by the user. Therefore, have to search individually, each verse in the four Gospels to find the topic or verse that the user wants to find out. In this study, the authors used the Bible verses in the Gospels as documents, so that these verses could be searched for the level of relevance or similarity to the entered keywords. Furthermore, to determine the level of relevance between documents and keywords is calculated using the Vector Space Model. Based on the application that has been successfully built, the application can be show 10 documents related to the keywords that are searched and sorted from the most relevant, with the highest similarity value, namely 78.65%.Keywords - Information Retrieval, Vector Space Model, Bible