On parton number fluctuations

Parton evolution with the rapidity essentially is a branching diffusion process. We describe the fluctuations of the density of partons which affect the properties of QCD scattering amplitudes at moderately high energies. We arrive at different functional forms of the latter in the case of dipole-nucleus and dipole-dipole scattering.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Presented at the conference PANIC201

Belatacept and long-term outcomes in kidney transplantation

Background: in previous analyses of BENEFIT, a phase 3 study, belatacept-based immunosuppression, as compared with cyclosporine-based immunosuppression, was associated with similar patient and graft survival and significantly improved renal function in kidney-transplant recipients. Here we present the final results from this study. Methods: we randomly assigned kidney-transplant recipients to a more-intensive belatacept regimen, a less-intensive belatacept regimen, or a cyclosporine regimen. Efficacy and safety outcomes for all patients who underwent randomization and transplantation were analyzed at year 7 (month 84). Results: a total of 666 participants were randomly assigned to a study group and underwent transplantation. Of the 660 patients who were treated, 153 of the 219 patients treated with the more-intensive belatacept regimen, 163 of the 226 treated with the less-intensive belatacept regimen, and 131 of the 215 treated with the cyclosporine regimen were followed for the full 84-month period; all available data were used in the analysis. A 43% reduction in the risk of death or graft loss was observed for both the more-intensive and the less-intensive belatacept regimens as compared with the cyclosporine regimen (hazard ratio with the more-intensive regimen, 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.95; P=0.02; hazard ratio with the less-intensive regimen, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.94; P=0.02), with equal contributions from the lower rates of death and graft loss. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) increased over the 7-year period with both belatacept regimens but declined with the cyclosporine regimen. The cumulative frequencies of serious adverse events at month 84 were similar across treatment groups. Conclusions: seven years after transplantation, patient and graft survival and the mean eGFR were significantly higher with belatacept (both the more-intensive regimen and the less-intensive regimen) than with cyclosporine. (Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00256750)

CONTRIBUTIONS A L'ETUDE DE LA CHROMODYNAMIQUE QUANTIQUE PERTURBATIVE APPLIQUEE A LA DIFFUSION PROFONDEMENT INELASTIQUE A PETIT X B J

PALAISEAU-Polytechnique (914772301) / SudocSudocFranceF

On a les adventices qu’on mérite, mais ce n’est pas toujours mauvais signe ! Retour sur 17 ans d’essai INRA sur la réduction des herbicides

National audienceOn sait depuis longtemps que la gestion des adventices ne peut être réglée en un claquement de doigts, surtout quand on est en transition vers un système plus innovant. On sait aussi que c’est rarement la recherche de méthodes de substitution qui permet d’atteindre des objectifs ambitieux. Une « reconception » profonde du système est souvent nécessaire pour se donner les moyens d’atteindre la multiperformance. C’est ce que l’Inra a fait, en 2000, en définissant et en testant cinq prototypes de systèmes de culture visant à réduire l’usage d’herbicides. L’un des systèmes a été en TCS pendant dix ans, et en semis direct sous couvert (ACS) durant les sept dernières années. Caractériser l’évolution des mauvaises herbes, les changements de flore, les pertes de rendements dans des systèmes en TCS ou SD à bas niveaux d’herbicides nécessite du temps. L’Inra fait le bilan de 17 ans de suivi de son essai système de culture PIC-adventices situé à Dijon

Assessing Long-Term Survival Benefits of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Using the Net Survival Benefit

International audienceAbstract Background The treatment effect in survival analysis is commonly quantified as the hazard ratio, and tested statistically using the standard log-rank test. Modern anticancer immunotherapies are successful in a proportion of patients who remain alive even after a long-term follow-up. This new phenomenon induces a nonproportionality of the underlying hazards of death. Methods The properties of the net survival benefit were illustrated using the dataset from a trial evaluating ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma. The net survival benefit was then investigated through simulated datasets under typical scenarios of proportional hazards, delayed treatment effect, and cure rate. The net survival benefit test was computed according to the value of the minimal survival difference considered clinically relevant. As comparators, the standard and the weighted log-rank tests were also performed. Results In the illustrative dataset, the net survival benefit favored ipilimumab [Δ(0) = 15.8%, 95% confidence interval = 4.6% to 27.3%, P = .006]. This favorable effect was maintained when the analysis was focused on long-term survival differences (eg, >12 months, Δ(12) = 12.5% (95% confidence interval = 4.4% to 20.6%, P = .002). Under the scenarios of a delayed treatment effect and cure rate, the power of the net survival benefit test compared favorably to the standard log-rank test power and was comparable to the power of the weighted log-rank test for large values of the threshold of clinical relevance. Conclusion The net long-term survival benefit is a measure of treatment effect that is meaningful whether or not hazards are proportional. The associated statistical test is more powerful than the standard log-rank test when a delayed treatment effect is anticipated

Biodiversity-based agroecological system experiment: what, why, how?

International audienc

Mobilisation of functional properties of diverse legumes species at various scales in the CA-SYS Long Term Experimental Platform on Agroecology: expected services and prospects

International audienc