17 research outputs found
Development of a vaccine delivery system using hepatitis B core antigen based VLPs to deliver mycobacterial antigens
Identification of moaA3 gene in patient isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Kerala, which is absent in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is endemic to developing countries like India. Though the whole genome sequences of the type strain M. tuberculosis H37Rv and the clinical strain M. tuberculosis CDC1551 are available, the clinical isolates from India have not been studied extensively at the genome level. This study was carried out in order to have a better understanding of isolates from Kerala, a state in southern India. RESULTS: A PCR based strategy was followed making use of the deletion region primers to understand the genome level differences between the type strain H37Rv and the clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis from Kerala. PCR analysis of patient isolates using RD1 region primers revealed the amplification of a 386 bp region, in addition to the expected 652 bp amplicon. Southern hybridization of genomic DNA with the 386 bp amplicon confirmed the presence of this new region in a majority of the patient isolates from Kerala. Sequence comparison of this amplicon showed close homology with the moaA3 gene of M. bovis. In M. bovis this gene is present in the RvD5 region, an IS6110 mediated deletion that is absent in M. tuberculosis H37Rv. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the presence of moaA3 gene, that is absent in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra, in a large number of local isolates. Whether the moaA3 gene provides any specific advantage to the field isolates of the pathogen is unclear. Field strains from Kerala have fewer IS6110 sequences and therefore are likely to have fewer IS6110 dependent rearrangements. But as deletions and insertions account for much of the genomic diversity of M. tuberculosis, the mechanisms of formation of sequence polymorphisms in the local isolates should be further examined. These results suggest that studies should focus on strains from endemic areas to understand the complexities of this pathogen
Combined use of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism and IS6110-RFLP in fingerprinting clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Kerala, South India
Downregulation of vimentin in macrophages infected with live Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species
BevezetĂ©s: A serdĂĽlĹ‘kor az egyik legmeghatározĂłbb Ă©letszakasz a megfelelĹ‘ egĂ©szsĂ©gmagatartás kialakulásának szempontjábĂłl. Az egĂ©szsĂ©gmagatartás feltĂ©rkĂ©pezĂ©se hatĂ©kony egĂ©szsĂ©gnevelĂ©si Ă©s egĂ©szsĂ©gfejlesztĂ©si stratĂ©giák kialakĂtásához Ă©s azok mĂłdszertani fejlesztĂ©sĂ©hez elengedhetetlen. CĂ©lkitűzĂ©s: Jelen kutatás cĂ©lja felmĂ©rni egy hazai Ă©s egy határon tĂşli intĂ©zmĂ©nyben az 5., 7., Ă©s 9. osztályos tanulĂłk egĂ©szsĂ©gmagatartását kĂĽlönös tekintettel az egĂ©szsĂ©ges táplálkozásra, a fizikai aktivitásra valamint az egĂ©szsĂ©ggel kapcsolatos informáciĂłforrásukra. MĂłdszer: A vizsgálatban összesen 206 fĹ‘ (TiszafĂĽred: 116 fĹ‘; Nagyvárad: 90 fĹ‘) vett rĂ©sz. A kĂ©rdĹ‘Ăv szocio-demográfĂai adatokra, táplálkozási szokásokra, fizikai aktivitásra, Ă©s egĂ©szsĂ©ggel kapcsolatos informáciĂłforrásra vonatkozĂł kĂ©rdĂ©seket tartalmazott. A folytonos változĂłk átlagos pontszámai közötti eltĂ©rĂ©seket Kruskal-Wallis tesztekkel, a kategorikus változĂłk gyakoriságbeli eltĂ©rĂ©seit pedig Fisher-fĂ©le egzakt prĂłbák segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel Ă©rtĂ©keltem. EredmĂ©nyek: MindkĂ©t intĂ©zmĂ©nyben a fiatalok egĂ©szsĂ©gmagatartása tekintetĂ©ben vannak fejlesztĂ©sre szorul terĂĽletek, elsĹ‘sorban az egĂ©szsĂ©ges táplálkozás vonatkozásában. A kĂ©t intĂ©zmĂ©ny összehasonlĂtsa során kapott eredmĂ©nyek alapján elmondhatĂł, hogy az iskolán kĂvĂĽl vĂ©gzett fizikai aktivitás (p=0,304), valamint a testmozgásrĂłl alkotott vĂ©lemĂ©ny (p=0,267) tekintetĂ©ben a kĂ©t intĂ©zmĂ©ny tanulĂłi között nincs szignifikáns kĂĽlönbsĂ©g. A tiszafĂĽredi gimnázium tanulĂłi (átlag: 3,95, szĂłrás: 1,60) a nagyváradi gimnázium tanulĂłihoz (átlag: 3,32, szĂłrás: 1,77) kĂ©pest szignifikánsan gyakrabban ebĂ©delnek rendszeresen (p=0,013). A tiszafĂĽredi tanulĂłk ritkábban fogyasztanak gyorsĂ©ttermi Ă©teleket (p<0,001), kávĂ©t (p=0,003), Ă©s energiaitalt (p<0,001) a nagyváradi tanulĂłkhoz kĂ©pest. Ugyanakkor körĂĽkben gyakoribb a rostos ĂĽdĂtĹ‘ital fogyasztása (p<0,001). KövetkeztetĂ©sek: Mind a hazai mind pedig a határon tĂşli intĂ©zmĂ©nyben javasolt lenne az egĂ©szsĂ©gtudatosság javĂtása, az egĂ©szsĂ©gmagatartás fejlesztĂ©se a kĂĽlönfĂ©le egĂ©szsĂ©gnevelĂ©si Ă©s egĂ©szsĂ©gfejlesztĂ©si programok fejlesztĂ©sĂ©t cĂ©lzĂł intĂ©zkedĂ©sek rĂ©vĂ©n.BSc/BAegĂ©szsĂ©gĂĽgyi gondozás Ă©s prevenciĂł – vĂ©dĹ‘nĹ‘magyarnappal
A Novel Site of Insertion of IS6110 in the moaB3 Gene of a Clinical Isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, genomic variation is generated mainly by insertions and deletions rather than by point mutations. RvD5 is one such deletion in M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown the presence of moaA3 gene in the RvD5 region in a large number of clinical isolates, that is absent in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra. The present study was aimed at investigating the RvD5 locus of the clinical isolates by a detailed PCR analysis. Here we report a new point of insertion of the mobile genetic element, IS6110 in the genome of one clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis. The insertion has disrupted the moaB3 gene, one of the ORFs in the RvD5 region, which is involved in the molybdopterin biosynthetic pathway. This insertion of IS6110 in the moaB3 of the clinical isolate is different when compared to the insertion in the moaB3 gene of M. tuberculosis H37Rv where 4kb RvD5 region has been lost by homologous recombination and only a truncated form of the gene is present. This finding is of relevance since IS6110 is a major element determining the genome plasticity of M. tuberculosis and its numerical and positional polymorphism has always been of special interest
Drinking Water Associated Pathology
© 2012 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. There are over 100 different types of pathogens that can be found in contaminated water. Contaminated drinking water due to inadequate and unsanitary disposal of sewage and excreta continue to pose a threat to the health in many communities in developing countries. Groundwaters, surface waters, and distribution systems are at risk. Waterborne disease outbreaks are rising due to increasing vulnerable populations, politcal upheaval, and high numbers of refugees in developing countries. Natural disasters such as flooding and droughts due to climatic changes may also be affecting global water quality. As we move into the next century, it will be important to arm drinking water utility personnel with current and comprehensive information regarding waterborne pathogens and the importance of maintaining vigilance in their control
Efficient discrimination by MIRU-VNTRs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates belonging to the predominant SIT11/EAI3-IND ancestral genotypic lineage in Kerala, India
The present study evaluated the ability of MIRU–VNTRs to discriminate Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) clinical isolates belonging to the SIT11/EAI3-IND ancestral genotypic lineage, which is highly prevalent in Kerala, India. Starting from 168 MTB clinical isolates, spoligotyping (discriminatory index of 0.9113) differentiated the strains into 68 distinct patterns, the biggest cluster being SIT11/48 SIT11 (n = 48). The present study shows that 12-loci MIRUs and 3 ETRs allowed an efficient discrimination of these isolates (discriminatory indexes of 0.7819 and 0.5523, respectively)
Presence of Region of Difference 1 among Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Indiaâ–ż
This article does not have an abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Wild Asian Elephants, Southern India
We tested wild Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in southern India and confirmed infection in 3 animals with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an obligate human pathogen, by PCR and genetic sequencing. Our results indicate that tuberculosis may be spilling over from humans (reverse zoonosis) and emerging in wild elephants