Sumber Energi Terbarukan dan Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Kotoran Sapi

In order to meet households energy needs, one of the groundbreaking efforts that needs to be done is to implement appropriate technology training in utilization of cow manure waste by recycling it into biogas and organic fertilizer. Animal husbandry in Bambankerep Sub-District of Ngaliyan, Semarang City, are sufficiently developed, however, the use of livestock manure has not been optimal, whereas livestock manure can be used as raw material to produce renewable energy in the form of biogas and organic fertilizer. Furthermore, Limited knowledge and skills of the people in Bambankerep sub-district in the utilization of cow manure waste by recycling it into biogas and organic fertilizer have become the main problem. Steps performed in Community service programs are as follow (1) Socialization of recycling livestock waste into a blessing; (2) training, (3) Monitoring and outreaching. The impact generated from this community service programs, among others are: (1) raising public awareness in the utilization of cow manure waste for biogas alternative energy, (2) increasing knowledge and skills of people in processing cow manure into energy and fertilizer, (3) growing number of business groups in cow manure organic fertilizer processing that are expected can improve the welfare of the people in Bambankerep sub-district, Mijen, Semarang City. Dalam rangka pemenuhan keperluan energi rumah tangga, salah satu upaya terobosan yang perlu dilakukan adalah melaksanakan pelatihan teknologi tepat guna pemanfaatan limbah kotoran sapi menjadi biogas dan pupuk organik. Usaha peternakan di Kelurahan Bambankerep, Ngaliyan Semarang cukup berkembang, tapi pemanfaatan kotoran ternak selama ini belum optimal, padahal kotoran ternak dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku untuk menghasilkan energi terbarukan dalam bentuk biogas dan pupuk organik. Keterbatasannya pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimiliki masyarakat di Kelurahan Bambankerep mengolah limbah kotoran sapai menjadi biogas dan pupuk organik menjadi permasalahn utama. Tahapan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah: (1) Sosialisai pemanfaatan limbah kotoran hewan menjadi berkah; (2) pelatihan; (3) Monitoring dan Pendampingan. Dampak yang dihasilkan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini antara lain: (1) meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan limbah kotoran sapi untuk energi alternatif biogas, (2) meningkatnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan masyarakat bidang pengolahan kotoran sapi menjadi energi dan pupuk, (3) tumbuhnya kelompok usaha pengolahan pupuk organik dari kotoran sapi sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Kelurahan Bambankerep Ngaliyan Semarang

Synthesis of Low-Cost Adsorbent Based on Fly Ash for Heavy Metal Reduction of Cu and Cr In Textile Industrial Liquid Waste

Heavy metal copper (Cu (II)), Chromium (Cr (IV) is a heavy metal that dominates textile industrial wastewater. Too large concentrations of Cu (II) in water can cause poisoning which has side effects of liver damage and gastrointentinal disorders. Cr metal in the body will cause interference with DNA synthesis and increase mutagen changes that can cause tumors. The use of fly ash as a Low Cost Adsorbent is an alternative.  The research method used is a physical activation process with carbonization at high temperatures (300˚C, 400˚C and 500˚C) in the furnace to be continued with chemical activation using concentrated acids (H2SO4 and CH3COOH) or base (KOH) in fly ash. Morphological analysis and the synthesized adsorbent function groups were performed using Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM) and FTIR. Based on the adsorption capacity test, the ability of fly ash to adsorb Cu metal waste was 0.9962 mg/g and for Cr metal was 0.4760 mg/g. The temperature increase on the physical activation of fly ash (300 0C, 4000C, 5000C) causes an increase in the adsorption capacity of the synthesized fly ash. The best adsorbent for Cu metal is A5K with an adsorption capacity of 0.9994 mg/g under optimal conditions. The best adsorbent for Cr metal is A5S with an adsorption capacity of 0.9325 mg/g under optimal conditions. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Berbasis Potensi Lokal; Alternatif Ketahanan Pangan Berupa Tepung Magrove

Mangrove fruit can be explored as a new local food source, especially in areas that have the potential of mangrove forests such as in the village of Bedono Sayung demak. Brayo and lindur mangrove fruits have the opportunity to be explored as alternative food ingredients because its contain high carbohydrates so they can be processed into flour. The stages of the community service program carried out are: (1) The socialization of the utilization of mangrove fruit; (2) training; (3) Monitoring and Mentoring. The impacts of this community service program include: (1) increasing public awareness to utilize brayo and lindur mangrove fruits for alternative food in the form of mangrove flour, (2) increasing community knowledge and skills in brayo and lindur mangrove processing into flour mangrove substitute for flour, (3) Encouraging the growth of business group in processing mangrove fruit into mangrove flour and processing of mangrove flour into various high-value economic cakes so that it is expected to improve the welfare of the village community Bedono Sayung Demak. Buah mangrove dapat dieksplorasi sebagai sumber pangan lokal baru terutama di daerah-daerah yang memiliki potensi hutan mangrove seperti di Desa Bedono Sayung demak. Buah mangrove jenis brayo dan lindur mempunyai peluang untuk dieksplorasi sebagai bahan pangan alternatif karena mengandung karbohidrat yang tinggi sehingga dapat diolah menjadi tepung. Tahapan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah: (1) Sosialisai pemanfaatan buah mangrove; (2) pelatihan; (3) Monitoring dan Pendampingan. Dampak yang dihasilkan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini antara lain: (1) meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan buah mangrove jenis brayo dan lindur untuk pangan alternatif berupa tepung mangrove, (2) meningkatnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan masyarakat bidang pengolahan buah mangrove jenis brayo dan lindur menjadi tepung mangrove pengganti terigu, (3) Mendorong tumbuhnya kelompok usaha pengolahan buah mangrove (brayo dan lindur) menjadi tepung mangrove dan pengolahan tepung mangrove manjadi beragam kue bernilai ekonomi tinggi sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa Bedono Sayung Demak

The Effect of Vanadium Oxide on The Catalytic Activity of Titanium Silicalite in Conversion of Benzene to Phenol

Phenol is one of the most important intermediate for petrochemical, agrochemical, and plastics industries. Almost 95% phenol is produced using cumene method. Cumene method is a multi-stage process with many disadvantages including the difficulties to gain phenol product in maximum quantities and production of co-product such as acetone which has great amount in market nowadays. One of the alternative routes to produce phenol which has more advantages is through benzene hydroxylation reaction using H2O2 as oxidant agent and Titanium Silikalit-1 (TS-1) as catalyst. TS-1 catalyst has high catalytic activity and selectivity in selective oxidation reaction of aromatic compounds with H2O2 which important for commercial industries. However, the reaction rate is tend to be low because TS-1 has hydrophobic nature and as the result H2O2 adsorption which has hydrophilic nature towards active sites of TS-1 is also become slower. Addition of metal oxide V2O5 could enhance hydrophilicity of TS-1 catalyst. Liquid phase catalytic benzene hydroxylation using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant was carried out over vanadium (V) oxide-modified TS-1 catalyst (V2O5/TS-1), that were prepared by impregnation method using vanadium methavanadate as precursor and characterized by pyridine adsorption and hydrophilicity techniques

Green Concrete Made From Iron Slag Waste

Synthesis of green concrete has been carried out by using iron slag waste of PT Inti Jaya Steel Jrakah, Semarang. Geopolimer (green concrete) is an aluminosilicate inorganic polymer with chain Si-O-Al that can be synthesized from material rich in silica and alumina with sodium hydroxide as an activator. Iron slag chemical content analysis indicated that this material is a part of pozzolan material with each individual components weight as follow: SiO2: 4.55%, Al2O3: 2.54%, CaO: 11.43%, Fe2O3: 77.10%, MnO2: 1.43 and  other minerals:  4.07%. The mole ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 of iron slag waste of PT Inti Jaya Steel Jrakah, Semarang is quite high at 3.05. Although the ratio is high, it is still can be synthesized using an activator solution of NaOH and increasing the drying time to 3 days and 24 hours of curing time at 60°C temperature to help the process of water molecule condensation in the geopolymerisation process. Characterized concrete (green concrete) that has been formed shows that the maximum compressive power can be achieved at composition ratio of Iron slag/ Na-silicate /NaOH /H2O of 55/10/4/8, with compressive power of 11.254 MPa. © 2015 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Berbasis Potensi Lokal; Alternatif Ketahanan Pangan Berupa Tepung Magrove

Mangrove fruit can be explored as a new local food source, especially in areas that have the potential of mangrove forests such as in the village of Bedono Sayung demak. Brayo and lindur mangrove fruits have the opportunity to be explored as alternative food ingredients because its contain high carbohydrates so they can be processed into flour. The stages of the community service program carried out are: (1) The socialization of the utilization of mangrove fruit; (2) training; (3) Monitoring and Mentoring. The impacts of this community service program include: (1) increasing public awareness to utilize brayo and lindur mangrove fruits for alternative food in the form of mangrove flour, (2) increasing community knowledge and skills in brayo and lindur mangrove processing into flour mangrove substitute for flour, (3) Encouraging the growth of business group in processing mangrove fruit into mangrove flour and processing of mangrove flour into various high-value economic cakes so that it is expected to improve the welfare of the village community Bedono Sayung Demak. Buah mangrove dapat dieksplorasi sebagai sumber pangan lokal baru terutama di daerah-daerah yang memiliki potensi hutan mangrove seperti di Desa Bedono Sayung demak. Buah mangrove jenis brayo dan lindur mempunyai peluang untuk dieksplorasi sebagai bahan pangan alternatif karena mengandung karbohidrat yang tinggi sehingga dapat diolah menjadi tepung. Tahapan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah: (1) Sosialisai pemanfaatan buah mangrove; (2) pelatihan; (3) Monitoring dan Pendampingan. Dampak yang dihasilkan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini antara lain: (1) meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan buah mangrove jenis brayo dan lindur untuk pangan alternatif berupa tepung mangrove, (2) meningkatnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan masyarakat bidang pengolahan buah mangrove jenis brayo dan lindur menjadi tepung mangrove pengganti terigu, (3) Mendorong tumbuhnya kelompok usaha pengolahan buah mangrove (brayo dan lindur) menjadi tepung mangrove dan pengolahan tepung mangrove manjadi beragam kue bernilai ekonomi tinggi sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa Bedono Sayung Demak

Sumber Energi Terbarukan dan Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Kotoran Sapi

In order to meet households energy needs, one of the groundbreaking efforts that needs to be done is to implement appropriate technology training in utilization of cow manure waste by recycling it into biogas and organic fertilizer. Animal husbandry in Bambankerep Sub-District of Ngaliyan, Semarang City, are sufficiently developed, however, the use of livestock manure has not been optimal, whereas livestock manure can be used as raw material to produce renewable energy in the form of biogas and organic fertilizer. Furthermore, Limited knowledge and skills of the people in Bambankerep sub-district in the utilization of cow manure waste by recycling it into biogas and organic fertilizer have become the main problem. Steps performed in Community service programs are as follow (1) Socialization of recycling livestock waste into a blessing; (2) training, (3) Monitoring and outreaching. The impact generated from this community service programs, among others are: (1) raising public awareness in the utilization of cow manure waste for biogas alternative energy, (2) increasing knowledge and skills of people in processing cow manure into energy and fertilizer, (3) growing number of business groups in cow manure organic fertilizer processing that are expected can improve the welfare of the people in Bambankerep sub-district, Mijen, Semarang City. Dalam rangka pemenuhan keperluan energi rumah tangga, salah satu upaya terobosan yang perlu dilakukan adalah melaksanakan pelatihan teknologi tepat guna pemanfaatan limbah kotoran sapi menjadi biogas dan pupuk organik. Usaha peternakan di Kelurahan Bambankerep, Ngaliyan Semarang cukup berkembang, tapi pemanfaatan kotoran ternak selama ini belum optimal, padahal kotoran ternak dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku untuk menghasilkan energi terbarukan dalam bentuk biogas dan pupuk organik. Keterbatasannya pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimiliki masyarakat di Kelurahan Bambankerep mengolah limbah kotoran sapai menjadi biogas dan pupuk organik menjadi permasalahn utama. Tahapan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah: (1) Sosialisai pemanfaatan limbah kotoran hewan menjadi berkah; (2) pelatihan; (3) Monitoring dan Pendampingan. Dampak yang dihasilkan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini antara lain: (1) meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan limbah kotoran sapi untuk energi alternatif biogas, (2) meningkatnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan masyarakat bidang pengolahan kotoran sapi menjadi energi dan pupuk, (3) tumbuhnya kelompok usaha pengolahan pupuk organik dari kotoran sapi sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Kelurahan Bambankerep Ngaliyan Semarang

Green Concrete Made From Iron Slag Waste

Synthesis of green concrete has been carried out by using iron slag waste of PT Inti Jaya Steel Jrakah, Semarang. Geopolimer (green concrete) is an aluminosilicate inorganic polymer with chain Si-O-Al that can be synthesized from material rich in silica and alumina with sodium hydroxide as an activator. Iron slag chemical content analysis indicated that this material is a part of pozzolan material with each individual components weight as follow: SiO2: 4.55%, Al2O3: 2.54%, CaO: 11.43%, Fe2O3: 77.10%, MnO2: 1.43 and  other minerals:  4.07%. The mole ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 of iron slag waste of PT Inti Jaya Steel Jrakah, Semarang is quite high at 3.05. Although the ratio is high, it is still can be synthesized using an activator solution of NaOH and increasing the drying time to 3 days and 24 hours of curing time at 60°C temperature to help the process of water molecule condensation in the geopolymerisation process. Characterized concrete (green concrete) that has been formed shows that the maximum compressive power can be achieved at composition ratio of Iron slag/ Na-silicate /NaOH /H2O of 55/10/4/8, with compressive power of 11.254 MPa. © 2015 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved

Synthesis and characterization of SO42-/KCC-1 catalyst as an alternative candidate for simultaneous esterification and transesterification reactions

Sulfate-impregnated acid catalysts can be used to replace conventional homogeneous base catalysts which are very dangerous, corrosive and environmentally unfriendly. Sulfate impregnation on porous support material will increase the surface area of the catalyst. The use of KCC-1 as a supporting material can produce catalysts with excellent properties. The method used in this research is the hydrothermal method for the synthesis of KCC-1 and the direct impregnation method for the synthesis of SO42-/KCC-1. Characterization of the resulting material using X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectrometer, and low temperature emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The characterization results showed that the synthesis of KCC-1 and SO42-/KCC-1 had been successfully carried out. This is evidenced by the formation of amorphous silica, the presence of peaks of silica and sulfate groups, and scanning electron microscope images showing nano-sized materials.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.

Efektivitas Penggunaan Multimedia Pembelajaran berbasis Multi Level Representasi (MLR) untuk meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik pada Materi Sistem Koloid Kelas XI MAN Kendal

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan pembelajaran multimedia berbasis MLR pada materi sistem koloid. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan bentuk Pretest-posstest Control Group Design dengan pengambilan sampel dalam kelompok cluster random sampling. Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar yang diperoleh dari kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol berturut-turut adalah 74,85 dengan persentase ketuntasan 71% dan 65,97 dengan persentase ketuntasan 33%. Berdasarkan hasil uji t-test pada = 5% dan dk = 56 diperoleh thitung ttabel = 4,475 2,003, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Selanjutnya dari hasil analisis sisi kanan, diperoleh thitung ttabel = 4,475 1,672 dengan dk = 57 dan pada = 5%. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran kimia menggunakan multimedia berbasis pembelajaran MLR pada materi koloid efektif diterapkan pada pembelajaran kimia, dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI MIPA di MAN Kendal