Model-based demosaicking for acquisitions by a RGBW color filter array

Microsatellites and drones are often equipped with digital cameras whose sensing system is based on color filter arrays (CFAs), which define a pattern of color filter overlaid over the focal plane. Recent commercial cameras have started implementing RGBW patterns, which include some filters with a wideband spectral response together with the more classical RGB ones. This allows for additional light energy to be captured by the relevant pixels and increases the overall SNR of the acquisition. Demosaicking defines reconstructing a multi-spectral image from the raw image and recovering the full color components for all pixels. However, this operation is often tailored for the most widespread patterns, such as the Bayer pattern. Consequently, less common patterns that are still employed in commercial cameras are often neglected. In this work, we present a generalized framework to represent the image formation model of such cameras. This model is then exploited by our proposed demosaicking algorithm to reconstruct the datacube of interest with a Bayesian approach, using a total variation regularizer as prior. Some preliminary experimental results are also presented, which apply to the reconstruction of acquisitions of various RGBW cameras

Almost Linear B\"uchi Automata

We introduce a new fragment of Linear temporal logic (LTL) called LIO and a new class of Buechi automata (BA) called Almost linear Buechi automata (ALBA). We provide effective translations between LIO and ALBA showing that the two formalisms are expressively equivalent. While standard translations of LTL into BA use some intermediate formalisms, the presented translation of LIO into ALBA is direct. As we expect applications of ALBA in model checking, we compare the expressiveness of ALBA with other classes of Buechi automata studied in this context and we indicate possible applications

First record of Leptus spp. (Acari: Erythraeidae) parasitizing stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini)

The first occurrence of Leptus mites parasitizing different species of stingless bees is reported. The samples were collected in the Argentinian province of Misiones on flowers and managed stingless bee colonies. Although the frequency registered was very low, the current report is relevant as it will drive research efforts on the understanding of parasite-host dynamics, consequences at the community level, and disease management in wild and productive contexts.Fil: Martínez, Pablo Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Leopoldo Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; ArgentinaFil: Garrido, Paula Melisa. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Porrini, Darío Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Municipalidad de General Pueyrredon. Secretaría de Cultura. Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales Lorenzo Scaglia; ArgentinaFil: Muller, Pablo Fernando. Instituto Superior de Formacion Docente Profesorado En Ciencias Agrarias y Proteccion Ambiental.; ArgentinaFil: Alberoni, Daniele. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Porrini, Martín Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; Argentin

Segond's fracture: a biomechanical cadaveric study using navigation

Background Segond’s fracture is a well-recognised radiological sign of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. While previous studies evaluated the role of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) and complex injuries on rotational stability of the knee, there are no studies on the biomechanical effect of Segond’s fracture in an ACL deficient knee. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a Segond’s fracture on knee rotation stability as evaluated by a navigation system in an ACL deficient knee. Materials and methods Three different conditions were tested on seven knee specimens: intact knee, ACL deficient knee and ACL deficient knee with Segond’s fracture. Static and dynamic measurements of anterior tibial translation (ATT) and axial tibial rotation (ATR) were recorded by the navigation system (2.2 OrthoPilot ACL navigation system B. Braun Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany). Results Static measurements at 30 showed that the mean ATT at 30 of knee flexion was 5.1 ± 2.7 mm in the ACL intact condition, 14.3 ± 3.1 mm after ACL cut (P = 0.005), and 15.2 ± 3.6 mm after Segond’s fracture (P = 0.08). The mean ATR at 30 of knee flexion was 20.7 ± 4.8 in the ACL intact condition, 26.9 ± 4.1 in the ACL deficient knee (P[0.05) and 30.9 ± 3.8 after Segond’s fracture (P = 0.005). Dynamic measurements during the pivot-shift showed that the mean ATT was 7.2 ± 2.7 mm in the intact knee, 9.1 ± 3.3 mm in the ACL deficient knee(P = 0.04) and 9.7 ± 4.3 mm in the ACL deficient knee with Segond’s fracture (P = 0.07). The mean ATR was 9.6 ± 1.8 in the intact knee, 12.3 ± 2.3 in the ACL deficient knee (P[0.05) and 19.1 ± 3.1 in the ACL deficient knee with Segond’s lesion (P = 0.016). Conclusion An isolated lesion of the ACL only affects ATT during static and dynamic measurements, while the addition of Segond’s fracture has a significant effect on ATR in both static and dynamic execution of the pivot-shift test, as evaluated with the aid of navigation

Implications of Regulations on the Use of AI and Generative AI for Human-Centered Responsible Artificial Intelligence

With the upcoming AI regulations (e.g., EU AI Act) and rapid advancements in generative AI, new challenges emerge in the area of Human-Centered Responsible Artificial Intelligence (HCR-AI). As AI becomes more ubiquitous, questions around decision-making authority, human oversight, accountability, sustainability, and the ethical and legal responsibilities of AI and their creators become paramount. Addressing these questions requires a collaborative approach. By involving stakeholders from various disciplines in the 2\textsuperscript{nd} edition of the HCR-AI Special Interest Group (SIG) at CHI 2024, we aim to discuss the implications of regulations in HCI research, develop new theories, evaluation frameworks, and methods to navigate the complex nature of AI ethics, steering AI development in a direction that is beneficial and sustainable for all of humanity.Comment: 6 page

Human-Centered Responsible Artificial Intelligence: Current & Future Trends

In recent years, the CHI community has seen significant growth in research on Human-Centered Responsible Artificial Intelligence. While different research communities may use different terminology to discuss similar topics, all of this work is ultimately aimed at developing AI that benefits humanity while being grounded in human rights and ethics, and reducing the potential harms of AI. In this special interest group, we aim to bring together researchers from academia and industry interested in these topics to map current and future research trends to advance this important area of research by fostering collaboration and sharing ideas.Comment: To appear in Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing System

Volvo do cólon transverso: Uma causa rara de abdome agudo cirúrgico

O volvo do cólon é uma condição cirúrgica incomum que ocorre devido a uma torção do eixo mesentérico, situação que resulta em redução parcial ou completa do trânsito intestinal. O cólon sigmóide é o segmento mais envolvido. O presente estudo descreve caso raro de abdome agudo provocado por um volvo do cólon transverso, associado a obstrução intestinal. A tomografia de abdome evidenciou importante distensão e níveis hidroaéreos nos cólons ascendente e transverso, com interposição de alça entre a cúpula diafragmática direita e o dômus hepático (Sinal de Chilaiditi). Foi submetido a laparotomia exploradora com colectomia direita extendida e anastomose íleocólica látero-lateral. O paciente apresentou boa evolução pós operatória. O diagnóstico dessa patologia nem sempre é feito com facilidade, sendo na maior parte dos casos o diagnóstico definitivo realizado no intra-operatória

Pandemic babies? Fertility in the aftermath of the first COVID-19 wave across European regions

Early evidence demonstrates that the fertility response to the COVID-19 pandemic has varied across European countries. Yet, prior research indicates that fertility responses to disasters are often localized sub-nationally. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 incidence, economic pandemic impacts, and the affectedness by virus containment measures varied subnationally across Europe during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sub-national variation in the fertility response seems therefore possible. We conducted a rigorous data collection effort in 28 European countries (equaling 241 European sub-national regions) and used cutting-edge forecasting methods to assess sub-national variation in the fertility response to the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. While we find sub-national variation, our results reveal that the fertility response to the pandemic was dominated by the country level, with Southern European countries witnessing more negative fertility response to the early pandemic than Northern Europe. Variance decomposition even indicates a ‘nationalization’ of birth rates during the winter months of 2020, as the withincountry variance in fertility declined and between-country variance increased. Nonetheless, highly urbanized areas in Europe experienced significantly steeper fertility declines as a response to the beginning of the pandemic, which is partly explained by their higher SARSCoV-2 incidence rates. SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates emerged as another important predictor of the fertility response more broadly. Higher incidences were associated with steeper fertility declines across the regions. Overall, country-level estimates represent fertility responses to the COVID-19 pandemic generally well, but the regional dimension provides additional important insight into how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted fertility.publishedVersio