Biodegradation of penicillin-G wastewater using Phanerochate chrysosporium – An equilibrium and kinetic modeling

An attempt was made in the present study to find out the biodegradation of the penicillin-G wastewater for the various operational conditions such as, initial substrate concentrations (13000, 10000, 6000, 4000 and 2000 mg of COD/l), agitation, addition of nutrients (glucose and ammonium chloride) and biomass dosages (2, 3, 4 and 5 g) in batch reactor using immobilized cells of Phanerochate chrysosporium, a white rot fungi. The highest COD removal efficiency was found at the initial substrateconcentration of 2000 mg COD /l, under static condition using 4 g of biomass in the absence of nutrients i.e., carbon and nitrogen sources. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models fitted well with the equilibrium data of the process studied. It was also observed that the experimental kinetic data followed the first order rate expression

Electricity generation in a microbial fuel cell using iron oxide nanoparticles

571-577Rapid industrialization and population growth have generated a worldwide interest in renewable energy resourcesto meet. In this context, microbial fuel cells serve the dual purpose of electricity generation and wastewater treatment in a sustainable way. Here, we conducted a set of experiments in two-chambered microbial fuel cell (MFC) to study its efficiency in chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and electricity generation. The MFC was run at constant pH of 5.5 and mesophilic temperature of 30-32°C using mixed consortia of sediment as inoculum and candy industry wastewater as substrate. of the five different initial substrate concentrations of 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000 and 10000 mg COD/L studied, the highest COD removal efficiency of 96.0% and electricity generation of 810 mV was recorded at the initial substrate concentration of 4000 mg COD/L. The experiments conducted also revealed that iron oxide nanoparticles concentration of 0.10 g/L with an average size of 25.64 nm, increased the electricity generation potential to 870 mV by 6.9%. Among the different species of bioelectricity generating bacteria colonized, Corynebacterium variabile SMS-14 was documented as the most dominant species

Electricity generation in a microbial fuel cell using iron oxide nanoparticles

Rapid industrialization and population growth have generated a worldwide interest in renewable energy resourcesto meet. In this context, microbial fuel cells serve the dual purpose of electricity generation and wastewater treatment in a sustainable way. Here, we conducted a set of experiments in two-chambered microbial fuel cell (MFC) to study its efficiency in chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and electricity generation. The MFC was run at constant pH of 5.5 and mesophilic temperature of 30-32°C using mixed consortia of sediment as inoculum and candy industry wastewater as substrate. of the five different initial substrate concentrations of 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000 and 10000 mg COD/L studied, the highest COD removal efficiency of 96.0% and electricity generation of 810 mV was recorded at the initial substrate concentration of 4000 mg COD/L. The experiments conducted also revealed that iron oxide nanoparticles concentration of 0.10 g/L with an average size of 25.64 nm, increased the electricity generation potential to 870 mV by 6.9%. Among the different species of bioelectricity generating bacteria colonized, Corynebacterium variabile SMS-14 was documented as the most dominant species

Choosing project risk management techniques. A theoretical framework

The pressure for increasing quality while reducing time and costs places particular emphasis on managing risk in projects. To this end, several models and techniques have been developed in literature and applied in practice, so that there is a strong need for clarifying when and how each of them should be used. At the same time, knowledge about risk management is becoming of paramount importance to effectively deal with the complexity of projects. However, communication and knowledge creation are not easy tasks, especially when dealing with uncertainty, because decision-making is often fragmented and a comprehensive perspective on the goals, opportunities, and threats of a project is missing. With the purpose of providing guidelines for the selection of risk techniques taking into account the most relevant aspects characterising the managerial and operational scenario of a project, a theoretical framework to classify these techniques is proposed. Based on a literature review of the criteria to categorise risk techniques, three dimensions are defined: the phase of the risk management process, the phase of the project life cycle, and the corporate maturity towards risk. The taxonomy is then applied to a wide selection of risk techniques according to their documented applications. This work helps to integrate the risk management and the knowledge management processes. Future research efforts will be directed towards refining the framework and testing it in multiple industrie

CBSE-2014 [2 nd and 3 rd April 2014] Challenges in Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology for Sustainable Environment Effect of initial pH on biodegradation of distillery wastewater by batch process using anaerobic mixed consortia

Abstract : Biodegradation of distillery wastewater is dependent on initial pH. In this present research, the effect of initial pH from 5.0 to 6.5 on biodegradation of distillery wastewater using anaerobic mixed consortia by batch process was investigated. The parameters like chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), final pH, total phenol content, total protein were determined to study the biodegradation of distillery wastewater. From the experimental results, maximum COD removal efficiency of 91.96 % was obtained an initial pH 6.0. Maximum phenol removal, protein removal and decolourization percentage recorded were 88.76%, 71.04% and 55.23% respectively at initial pH 6.5. It could be concluded that initial pH 6.5 are favourable for maximum biodegradation of distillery wastewater

CBSE-2014 [2 nd and 3 rd April 2014] Challenges in Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology for Sustainable Environment Cell growth and product formation kinetics of biohydrogen production using mixed consortia by batch process

Abstract: The cell growth and product formation kinetics of anaerobic biohydrogen production by mixed anaerobic cultures was investigated using unstructured models in the present study. They described the realtionship between biomass growth and product formation in the hydrogen production process. Experimental results show that the Logistic model and Leudeking-Piret model could be adopted to describe the kinetics of biomass growth and product formation respectively. The kinetic parameters were K c = 0.013

Biohydrogen production and kinetic modeling using sediment microorganisms of Pichavaram mangroves, India

Mangrove sediments host rich assemblages of microorganisms, predominantly mixed bacterial cultures, which can be efficiently used for biohydrogen production through anaerobic dark fermentation. The influence of process parameters such as effect of initial glucose concentration, initial medium pH, and trace metal (Fe2+) concentration was investigated in this study. A maximum hydrogen yield of 2.34, 2.3, and 2.6 mol H2 mol−1 glucose, respectively, was obtained under the following set of optimal conditions: initial substrate concentration—10,000 mg L−1, initial pH—6.0, and ferrous sulphate concentration—100 mg L−1, respectively. The addition of trace metal to the medium (100 mg L−1 FeSO4·7H2O) enhanced the biohydrogen yield from 2.3 mol H2 mol−1 glucose to 2.6 mol H2 mol−1 glucose. Furthermore, the experimental data was subjected to kinetic analysis and the kinetic constants were estimated with the help of well-known kinetic models available in the literature, namely, Monod model, logistic model and Luedeking-Piret model. The model fitting was found to be in good agreement with the experimental observations, for all the models, with regression coefficient values >0.92