Data requirements in support of the marine weather service program

Data support activities for the Marine Weather Service Program are outlined. Forecasts, cover anomolous water levels, including sea and swell, surface and breakers, and storm surge. Advisories are also provided for sea ice on the Great Lake and Cook inlet in winter, and in the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas in summer. Attempts were made to deal with ocean currents in the Gulf Stream, areas of upwelling, and thermal structure at least down through the mixed layer

The Pitfalls of the Microfinance Promise

The validity of microfinance institutions as poverty alleviation instruments is drawn into question by the structure and practices of the industry, which hinder the efficiency and depth of aid. This paper aims to outline the history and popularity of microfinance, followed by the difficulties of its implementation. Then, it will explain the status of research in the field, microcredit’s role in the empowerment of women, and the perception of microfinance in the West. Finally, it will discuss the monumental shifts within the industry based on ideological opinions and the consequential negative effects on the field

Asian Longhorned Beetle

Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) is a large wood-boring pest that threatens maple and other North American hardwood tree species. This fact sheet describes its life stages, plant hosts, damage symptoms, and monitoring, prevention, and management

Spotted Lanternfly [Lycorma delicatula (White)]

This fact sheet describes spotted lanternfly, an invasive planthopper that is native to China and first detected in the U.S. in 2014. It includes information on plant hosts, damage symptoms, life history, monitoring, and management

Quagga Mussel and Zebra Mussel

Quagga mussel and zebra mussel can cause significant ecological, economical, and recreational impacts. This fact sheet describes these two-sided mollusks and reviews impacts, monitoring, and management of these invasive species

Spongy Moth (Lymantria dispar dispar Linnaeus)

Spongy moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) are invasive leaf-eating (defoliating) pests that threaten trees and shrubs in urban, suburban, and rural landscapes. The spongy moth was accidentally introduced to the U.S. in 1869 by an amateur French entomologist in Massachusetts who sought to establish a hardier American silkworm industry. These moths now commonly occur in the northeastern U.S. and are also found in parts of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, California, Oregon, and Washington. In Utah, according to the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food (2021), the spongy moth is anticipated to survive and multiply rapidly if populations become established. This pest was first detected in Utah in1988 in monitoring traps and was quickly eradicated via extensive trapping and spray applications of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk), a naturally occurring bacterium. Since that time, additional specimens have been detected and eradicated, most recently in 2016 (1 moth) and 2020 (1 moth). This fact sheet describes this pest, its hosts, life stages and history, damage symptoms, and management

Lily Leaf Beetle

The lily leaf beetle (LLB) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an important pest from Eurasia that threatens native and cultivated true lilies (Lilium spp.) and fritillaries (Fritillaria spp.). It is also known as the red lily leaf beetle or scarlet lily beetle. LLB was first reported in North America in Montréal, Canada, in 1945 and in the U.S. in 1992 in Massachusetts, likely arriving via European shipments of lily bulbs. LLB has been detected in nine of the 10 Canadian provinces and 14 U.S. states, including the New England states, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Washington (EDDMapS, 2021). Based on LLB’s native distribution and habitat suitability, it is likely capable of establishing throughout most of the U.S. where plants in the Liliaceae family occur (Freeman et al., 2020), which includes Utah. In its native range, LLB outbreaks are rare, but significant losses to lily crops are currently occurring where LLB has been introduced, including the Netherlands and Great Britain. This fact sheet includes a description of LLB and provides reliable information on plant hosts, damage symptoms, life cycle, monitoring, and management

“Pin”pointing the Motivational Dimensions behind Pinterest

This study examined the user gratifications obtained from Pinterest, an image-sharing social networking site, by applying the customary two-study uses and gratifications (U&G) approach. In the first study, using an open-ended questionnaire, a preliminary list of descriptive terms was collected from 27 college students who use Pinterest. From the list, an item analysis extracted 54 descriptive terms, which served as the basis for the item generation in the second study. In the second study, using a quantitative online survey method, data was analyzed from 243 college students who use Pinterest. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed five dimensions of uses and gratifications obtained from the image-sharing SNS

Combined Description of N‾N\bf{\overline{N}N} Scattering and Annihilation With A Hadronic Model

A model for the nucleon-antinucleon interaction is presented which is based on meson-baryon dynamics. The elastic part is the $G$-parity transform of the Bonn $NN$ potential. Annihilation into two mesons is described in terms of microscopic baryon-exchange processes including all possible combinations of $\pi,\eta,\rho,\omega,a_0,f_0,a_1,f_1,a_2,f_2,K,K^*$. The remaining annihilation part is taken into account by a phenomenological energy- and state independent optical potential of Gaussian form. The model enables a simultaneous description of nucleon-antinucleon scattering and annihilation phenomena with fair quality.Comment: revised version, REVTEX, 9 pages, 10 figures available from this URL ftp://ikp113.ikp.kfa-juelich.de/pub/kph140/nucl-th.9411014.u