6 research outputs found

    Susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae s.l. to insecticides used for malaria control in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Statut de la sensibilité des Anopheles gambiae s.l. aux insecticides utilisés pour le contrôle du paludisme à Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo

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    Contexte et objectif. MalgrĂ© plusieurs annĂ©es de lutte, le paludisme demeure toujours la première cause de mortalitĂ© infantile sous les tropiques. Actuellement, la stratĂ©gie de contrĂ´le vise des actions simultanĂ©es contre l’agent causal et le vecteur du paludisme. L’objectif de la prĂ©sente Ă©tude Ă©tait de dĂ©crire la distribution de la sensibilitĂ© d'Anopheles gambiae sl aux insecticides Ă  travers la ville de Kinshasa. MĂ©thodes. Des larves d'anophèles ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es, Ă  travers sept sites de Kinshasa, pendant la pĂ©riode allant de septembre 2017 Ă  mai 2018. Des bioessais standard de l'OMS ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s pour mesurer la sensibilitĂ© d'Anopheles gambiae s.l. aux insecticides. La distribution des espèces et le profil de rĂ©sistance ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©s en recourant aux tests diagnostiques molĂ©culaires. RĂ©sultats. Deux espèces du complexe gambiae ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©es : An. gambiae (98,3 %) et An. coluzzii (1,7 %). Une variabilitĂ© du statut de rĂ©sistance Ă  la  deltamĂ©thrine par site a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e. Cependant, une restauration de la sensibilitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© notĂ©e après une prĂ©-exposition au butoxyde de pipĂ©ronyle (PBO) dans tous les sites prĂ©sentant une rĂ©sistance Ă  la deltamĂ©thrine. Conclusion. La prĂ©sente Ă©tude a dĂ©montrĂ© qu’An. gambiae s.l. Ă©tait rĂ©sistant Ă  la permĂ©thrine dans tous les sites retenus. Cependant, la rĂ©sistance Ă  la deltamĂ©thrine Ă©tait variable. Le profil de rĂ©sistance indique que les moustiquaires deltamĂ©thrine+PBO devraient ĂŞtre envisagĂ©es pour la lutte anti vectorielle. Context and objective. Despite many years of control, malaria remains the leading cause of child mortality in the tropics. Currently, the control strategy aims at simultaneous actions against the causal agent and the vector of malaria. This study aimed to describe the distribution of the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae sl to insecticides across the city of Kinshasa. Methods. Anopheles larvae were collected from seven sites in Kinshasa during the period from September 2017 to May 2018. Standard WHO bioassays were used to determine the sensitivity of Anopheles gambiae s.l. to insecticides. The species distribution and the resistance profile were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction. Results. Two species of the gambiae complex were identified: An. gambiae (98.3 %) and An. coluzzii (1.7 %). Variability of deltamethrin resistance status by site was observed; however, a restoration of susceptibility was noted after pre-exposure to piperonyl butoxide (PBO) in all sites with deltamethrin resistance. Conclusion. The present study showed that An. gambiae s.l. was resistant to permethrin in all the selected sites. However, resistance to deltamethrin was variable. The resistance profile indicates that deltamethrin+PBO nets should be considered for vector control

    Effect of the Mass Distribution of ITNs in an Endemic Area with a High Entomological Index, the Case of Bandundu-City, Kwilu, DRC

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    The bio-efficacy of Yorkol-branded ITNs collected from Bandundu-city was assessed on the Kisumu strain and wild specimens of Anopheles gambiae. The susceptibility of the wild An. gambiae s.l. was tested to select insecticides. Adult An. gambiae s.l. sampled by PSC and HLC were screened for the presence of Plasmodium falciparum. Blood samples were diagnosed by microscopy and RDTs. ITN distributed in Bandundu-city were fully effective on the Kisumu strain, but on wild An. gambiae s.l. population (22.3 ± 11.5%). Anopheles gambiae s.l. was the main vector in Bandundu. No significant difference was observed between the entomological indices before and after the deployment of nets (OR = 0.8; p = 0.39). Wild An. gambiae s.l. populations were resistant to pyrethroids and DDT, with the restoration of the susceptibility to pyrethroids post pre-exposure to PBO. Plasmodium falciparum was the main parasite species and was found alone or mixed with. P. malariae or P. ovale. The confirmation rates by microscopy and RDT were respectively 57.9% and 53.6%. Nets deployed in Bandundu-city were not effective on wild An. gambiae s.l. populations. This operational failure is likely explained by the observed resistance to pyrethroids. In the future only PBO-net should be deployed Bandundu-city
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